Chapter 6 psyc

Immanuel Kant and John Locke would have been most likely to disagree about the extent to which perception is influenced by:

a. cultural experience.

The Moon illusion refers to our tendency to perceive the Moon as unusually:

a. large when it is near the horizon.

Railroad tracks appear to converge in the distance. This provides a cue for depth perception known as:

a. linear perspective.

After some practice, Carol was able to read books while holding them upside down. This best illustrates:

a. perceptual adaptation.

The fact that perceptions involve more than the sum of our sensations best illustrates the importance of:

a. top-down processing.

Which philosopher would have predicted that an extended period of sensory deprivation would inhibit the development of one's perceptual capacities?

b. Locke

Pedro recognized that his son was closer to him than his daughter because his son partially obstructed his view of his daughter. Pedro's perception was most clearly influenced by a distance cue known as:

b. interposition

Relative luminance most clearly contributes to:

b. lightness constancy.

People perceive an adult-child pair as looking more alike when told they are parent and child. This best illustrates the effect of:

b. perceptual set.

The way in which you quickly group the individual letters in this test item into separate words best illustrates the principle of:

b. proximity.

Drivers sometimes overestimate the distance between their own vehicle and pedestrians who are short because they rely on the distance cue known as:

b. relative size.

Drivers detect traffic signals more slowly if they are also conversing on a cell phone. This best illustrates the impact of:

b. selective attention.

The ability to accurately perceive distances most clearly underlies our capacity for:

b. size constancy.

Rules for organizing stimuli into coherent groups were first identified by:

c. Gestalt psychologists.

Selective attention is best illustrated by:

c. change blindness.

The fact that we recognize objects as having a consistent form regardless of changing viewing angles illustrates:

c. perceptual constancy.

Psychics are unable to make millions of dollars betting on horse races. This undermines their claims to possess the power of:

c. precognition.

Jordan claims that with intense mental concentration, he can make objects float in mid-air. Jordan is claiming to possess the power of:

c. psychokinesis.

The distance between our right and left eyes functions to provide us with a cue for depth perception known as:

c. retinal disparity.

A door casts an increasingly trapezoidal image on our retinas as it opens, yet we still perceive it as rectangular. This illustrates:

c. shape constancy.

Monocular cue is to _______ as binocular cue is to ________.

c. texture gradient; convergence

The specific perceptual processes that underlie the Moon illusion also contribute to:

c. the Ponzo illusion.

Once we have formed a wrong idea about reality, we have more difficulty seeing the truth. This best illustrates the impact of:

c. top-down processing.

Perceiving the voice of a ventriloquist as originating from the mouth of a dummy best illustrates:

c. visual capture.

A neutral facial expression may be perceived as sadder at a funeral than at a circus. This best illustrates:

d. a context effect.

Goggles that allow animals to see only diffuse, unpatterned light have inhibiting effects on perceptual development similar to the effects of:

d. cataracts.

ATM machines are more complex than VCRs but are easier to operate thanks to the efforts of:

d. human factors psychologists.

After hearing that Bryce had served a prison sentence, Janet began to perceive his friendly behavior as insincere and manipulative. This best illustrates the impact of:

d. perceptual set.

The lights along the runway were shrouded in such a thick fog that the pilot of an incoming plane nearly overshot the runway. The pilot was most likely misled by the distance cue known as:

d. relative clarity.

Racial and ethnic stereotypes can sometimes bias our perceptions of others' behaviors. This best illustrates the impact of:

d. top-down processing.