Chapter 6, Section 1 Classical Conditioning

counterconditioning

a therapy procedure based on classical conditioning that replaces a negative response to a stimulus with a positive response

conditioned Stimulus

a previously neutral stimulus that, because of pairing with an unconditioned stimulus, now causes a conditioned response

generalization

the tendency to respond in the same way to stimuli that have similar characteristics

discrimination

(1) in classical conditioning, the ability to distinguish the conditioned stimulus from other stimuli that are similar (2) unfair treatment of a person or group based on prejudice

flooding

a fear-reduction technique based on the principles of classical conditioning that involves exposing the individual to a harmless stimulus until fear responses to that stimulus are extinguished

conditioned response

a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus

taste aversion

a type of classical conditioning in which a previously desirable or neutral food comes to be perceived as repugnant because it is associated with negative stimulation

systematic desensitization

a type of counterconditioning, used to treat phobias, in which a pleasant, relaxed state is associated with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli

classical conditioning

a type of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to elicit an unconditioned response when that neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with a stimulus that normally causes an unconditioned response

conditioning

a type of learning that involves stimulus- response connections, in which the response is conditional on the stimulus

unconditioned stimulus

in classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits an unlearned, automatic response

unconditioned response

in classical conditioning, an unlearned, automatic response

extinction

in classical conditioning, the disappearance of a conditioned response when an unconditioned stimulus no longer follows a conditioned stimulus

spontaneous recovery

the reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response after some time has passed