Chapter 6 Study Set

The dermis is composed largely of

dense irregular connective tissue

Reddened skin reflects

dilated blood vessels sending more blood to the dermis.

Describe the events occurring during keratinization by matching each event with a location. Then,drag each site-linked event into the correct order on the image.

1. Cells are mitotic; deepest epidermal layer Stratum basale 2. Contains several layers of polygonal keratinocytes Stratum spinosum 3. Keratinization begins; keratinocytes begin to fill with keratin Stratum granulosum 4. The keratinocytes within this layer are flattened and filled with the protein called eleidin Stratum lucidum 5. These dead cells have a hard protein envelope, contain keratin, and are often peeled or scraped off Stratum corneum

Nails are scalelike modifications of which layer of the integument?

Stratum corneum

Milk and ear wax

are secreted from modified sweat glands.

Sweat cools the body by

evaporation

Which of the following is not found in thick skin?

hair follicles

Which of the following is not a type of hair?

keratin

Exposure to ultraviolet light darkens skin by stimulating synthesis of

melanin.

Keratinocytes play an important role in producing

vitamin D.

Chronic exposure to UV rays can damage the _____ in epidermal cells and accelerate aging.

DNA

Which of the following is a normal response to excessive loss of body heat in a cold environment?

Dermal blood vessels constrict.

Which is not a function of nails?

Help us to walk properly

Which statement is true regarding the subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)?

It stabilizes the position of the skin and binds it to underlying structures.

Which layer of the integument has a small population of immune cells?

Stratum spinosum

The subcutaneous layer of skin consists of

areolar and adipose tissue

The sweat glands that produce a watery substance and are associated with exercise and stress are the _________ sweat glands, while glands that produce an organic substance that causes body odor are the __________ sweat glands.

eccrine, apocrine

Melanin is produced and stored in

melanocytes

The oily, waxy secretion called sebum is produced by

sebaceous glands.

1. Given that ultraviolet light exposure is instrumental in the development of malignant melanoma, one can reduce the risk of cancer by 2. Just one or two bad sunburns can set the stage for malignant melanoma to develop, even years or decades into the future.

1. All of these choices are correct. 2. True

Match the structure with its protective function.

1. Protects against abrasion; contains melanin, which absorbs damaging UV light Skin 2. Protects against abrasion; acts as a heat insulator, protects the eyes against foreign objects Hair 3. Produce secretions that create an environment unsuitable for some microorganisms Glands 4. Protect the ends of the fingers and toes from damage; can be used in defense Nails

Match the hair structure with its description.

1. Protrudes above the surface of the skin Hair shaft 2. Central axis of the hair Medulla 3. Portion of the connective tissue that surrounds the epithelial root sheath Dermal root sheath 4. Contains the hair; consists of epithelial and dermal root sheaths Hair follicle 5. Expanded knob at the base of the hair root Hair bulb 6. The portion of the hair that is below the surface of the skin Root 7. Forms the bulk of the hair; consists of cells containing hard keratin Cortex 8. Outer layer of the hair; single layer of cells containing hard keratin Cuticle 9. Mass of epithelial cells within the bulb that produce the hair Matrix

1. The degree of skin pigmentation of a person is related to 2. The aspect of Julie's skin lesion that concerned her doctor was

1. the amount of melanin production by a person's melanocytes. 2. All of these choices are correct.

1. Light-skinned people are at greatest risk for malignant melanoma because 2. If melanin is so important for protection against mutagenic UV exposure, why is it that some people are light skinned and obviously deficient in melanin?

1. the decreased amount of melanin allows more UV light penetration into the skin, therefore increasing the risk of cancer development. 2. People of northern climates historically have had less sun exposure and the decreased skin melanin content is necessary for vitamin D production.

You accidentally cut your fingernail too far, causing a sharp pain and some bleeding. Which part of your nail was injured?

Nail bed

Sweat glands and sebaceous glands develop from which layer of the integument?

Stratum basale of the epidermis

Select the way in which sweat glands function in homeostasis.

Temperature regulation

Of the following factors, which one does not contribute to skin aging?

The skin increases the number and efficiency of epidermal dendritic cells, causing an increase in immune responsiveness.

Contraction of the arrector pili muscles causes the hair follicle to

become perpendicular to the skin, resulting in the hair "standing on end."

The skin's response to severe injuries or burns, when functional activities are not restored, is called

fibrosis.

The vascular connective tissue that initially forms in a healing wound is called

granulation tissue.

The integument consists of the epidermis, which is composed of _____________, and the dermis, which is composed primarily of ____________ connective tissue.

stratified squamous epithelium; dense irregular

The layer of the epidermis that includes melanocytes and a single row of columnar cells that undergo mitosis is the

stratum basale.

The delivery of drugs through the skin through the use of an adhesive patch is called _____ administration.

transdermal