Chapter 61: Management of Patients with Dermatologic Disorders

A patient is diagnosed with seborrheic dermatitis on the face and is prescribed a corticosteroid preparation for use. What should the nurse educate the patient about regarding use of the steroid on the face?

Avoid using the medication around the eyelids because it may cause cataracts and glaucoma.

The nurse recommends which type of therapeutic bath for its antipruritic action?

Colloidal (oatmeal)

Which medication classification may be used for contact dermatitis?

Coricosteroids

Which of the following aggravates the condition caused by acne vulgaris?

Cosmetics

A dermatologist recommends an over-the-counter suspension to relieve pruritus. The nurse advises the patient that the lotion should be applied:

Every 3 to 4 hours for sustained effectiveness.

Development of malignant melanoma is associated with which risk factor?

History of severe heartburn

Which skin condition is caused by staphylococci, streptococci, or multiple bacteria?

Impetigo

Which drug is an oral retinoid used to treat acne?

Isotretinoin

Which infecting agent causes scabies?

Itch mite

The nurse assesses the client and observes reddish-purple to dark blue macules, plaques, and nodules. The nurse recognizes that these manifestations are associated with which condition?

Kaposi sarcoma

A nurse in a health care provider's office teaches a patient how to apply an occlusive dressing (using plastic film) to cover a medicated ointment applied to her arm. An important teaching point would be to tell the patient to:

Limit use of the dressing to 12 hours.

What advice should the nurse give a client with a furuncle to prevent the spread of the infection?

Never pick or squeeze a furuncle.

The nurse is caring for a client with questionable lice infestation. The nurse is using a bright light focused on an area of the head to confirm the presence of lice. In which manner is it easiest to differentiate nits from dandruff?

Nits are difficult to move from hair shafts.

A patient is diagnosed with malignant melanoma that directly invades the adjacent dermis (vertical growth). The nurse knows that this type of melanoma has a poor prognosis. Which of the following is most likely the type of melanoma described in this scenario?

Nodular melanoma

A young college student recently had her tongue and lip pierced. She has developed a superinfection of candidiasis from the antibacterial mouthwash. Which of the following would be the correct recommendation for her?

Use an antifungal mouthwash or salt water.

A client is being treated for acne vulgaris. What warning must be given to this client regarding the application of benzoyl peroxide?

Use gloves with application.

The home health nurse is caring for a client with scabies. When instructing on the proper procedure to wash preworn contaminated clothing, which nursing instruction is essential?

Use hot water throughout wash cycle.

The nurse is instructing the parents of a child with head lice. Which statement should the nurse include?

Use shampoo with piperonyl butoxide.

A patient is diagnosed with pemphigus, a skin disease caused by an autoimmune response involving immunoglobulin G. Medical management includes administering high doses of corticosteroids. Which of the following is a drug that the health care provider may likely prescribe?

Temovate

Which term describes a fungal infection of the scalp?

Tinea capitis

The nurse is triaging a client over the phone who states having a contact dermatitis rash. Which treatment option of over-the-counter preparations does the nurse suggest for the client? Select all that apply.

Topical antihistamines Hydrocortisone cream Moisturizing cream Lanolin based ointment

To treat a client with acne vulgaris, the physician is most likely to order which topical agent for nightly application?

Tretinoin (retinoic acid [Retin-A])

When performing a skin assessment, the nurse notes a localized skin infection of a single hair follicle. The nurse documents the presence of

a furuncle.

The classic lesions of impetigo manifest as:

honey-yellow crusted lesions on an erythematous base.

The nurse teaches the client who demonstrates herpes zoster (shingles) that:

the infection results from reactivation of the chickenpox virus.

Which term refers to a graft derived from one part of a client's body and used on another part of that same client's body?

Autograft

A client has been diagnosed with shingles. Which of the following medication classifications will reduce the severity and prevent development of new lesions?

Antiviral

The ABCD method offers one way to assess skin lesions for possible skin cancer. What does the A stand for?

Asymmetry ABCDE method: Asymmetry (one half of the mole doesn't match the other), Border irregularity, Color that is not uniform, Diameter greater than 6 mm (about the size of a pencil eraser), and Evolving size, shape or color

The nurse is providing instruction to a client with acne. The nurse promotes avoidance of which food(s)?

Chocolate Ice cream (Dairy products, surgars)

A patient visits a clinic for assessment of an inflammatory skin disorder. The nurse diagnoses the condition as psoriasis based on the appearance of the skin. Which of the following describes the dermatoses?

Red, raised patches of skin covered with silvery scales

A patient is scheduled for Mohs microscopic surgery for removal of a skin cancer lesion on his forehead. The nurse knows to prepare the patient by explaining that this type of surgery requires:

Removal of the tumor, layer by layer.

A 10-year-old child is brought to the office with complaints of severe itching in both hands that's especially annoying at night. On inspection, the nurse notes gray-brown burrows with epidermal curved ridges and follicular papules. The physician performs a lesion scraping to assess this condition. Based on the signs and symptoms, what diagnosis should the nurse expect?

Scabies

With repeated reactions of contact dermatitis, which of the following can occur?

Secondary bacterial infection