Chapter 61: Musculoskeletal System
The nurse provides instructions to a patient with osteomyelitis who is scheduled for a bone scan. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching or clarification? A. "Before the test, I should refrain from voiding." B. "Two hours before the test, I will receive an injection of radioisotope." C. "The test is noninvasive; I should not have pain during the procedure." D. "The test will take about an hour; I should remain in a supine position during the procedure."
A. "Before the test, I should refrain from voiding."
After interacting with a patient, the nurse determines that the patient is at risk for developing musculoskeletal problems. Which statement made by the patient supports the nurse's conclusion? A. "I only exercise once in a while." B. "I try not to sleep flat on my stomach." C. "I try to not take pain killers frequently." D. "I drink orange juice every day for breakfast."
A. "I only exercise once in a while."
The nurse is grading a muscle-strength test on the patient and obtains a score of 4/5. What best describes this score? A. Active movement against gravity and some resistance B. Active movement of body part with elimination of gravity C. Active movement against full resistance without evident fatigue D. Active movement against gravity only and not against resistance
A. Active movement against gravity and some resistance
During an assessment, the nurse observes a lateral S-shaped curvature of the patient's thoracic and lumbar spine. The nurse anticipates which other clinical manifestation? A. Asymmetric shoulders B. Cross knee movement C. Fingers drifted to ulnar side of forearm D. Abnormal flatness of the sole of the foot
A. Asymmetric shoulders
A middle-aged patient is reporting a sore shoulder after raking the yard. The nurse should suspect which problem? A. Bursitis B. Fasciitis C. Sprained ligament D. Achilles tendonitis
A. Bursitis
Musculoskeletal assessment is an important component of care for patients on what type of long-term therapy? A. Corticosteroids B. B-adrenergic blockers C. Antiplatelet aggregators D. Calcium-channel blockers
A. Corticosteroids
A nurse is assessing a fracture of a patient's hand. Which phenomenon would the nurse note as the bone fragments rub against each other? A. Crepitation B. Resorption C. Subluxation D. Proliferation
A. Crepitation
A nurse is taking the health history of a patient with a backache. What are the questions that should be included in the health history related to this condition? Select all that apply. A. Did you lift a heavy object? B. Describe your usual daily activities. C. Do you have any vision problems? D. Did you have any unsafe sexual activity? E. Do you find it difficult to perform your daily activities?
A. Did you lift a heavy object? B. Describe your usual daily activities. E. Do you find it difficult to perform your daily activities?
A nurse is making note of the elimination pattern of a patient suffering from severe knee pain. What are the points that she should include in the assessment? Select all that apply. A. Do you experience constipation? B. Does your functional ability make it difficult for you to reach the toilet in time? C. Do you need any assistive devices or equipment to achieve a bowel movement? D. How many times in a day do you have to have a bowel movement? Is it satisfactory? E. Do you find that problems related to moving your bowels occur after eating a particular food?
A. Do you experience constipation? B. Does your functional ability make it difficult for you to reach the toilet in time? C. Do you need any assistive devices or equipment to achieve a bowel movement?
Which movement helps to turn the sole of the foot outward away from the midline of the body? A. Eversion B. Extension C. Abduction D. Dorsiflexion
A. Eversion
When working with patients, the nurse knows that patients have the most difficulties with diarthrodial joints. Which joints are included in the group of diarthrodial joints? Select all that apply. A. Hinge joint of the knee B. Ligaments joining the vertebrae C. Fibrous connective tissue of the skull D. Ball and socket joint of the shoulder or hip E. Cartilaginous connective tissue of the pubis joint
A. Hinge joint of the knee D. Ball and socket joint of the shoulder or hip
A patient is scheduled for a technetium [Tc]-99m bone scan. What nursing interventions are appropriate for the patient? Select all that apply. A. Increase fluid intake after the examination. B. Ensure that patient's bladder is emptied before scan. C. Explain to the patient that blood sample will be obtained in the test. D. Explain to the patient that radioisotope is given 2 hours before the procedure. E. Explain to the patient that it will be painless, because general anesthesia will be administered.
A. Increase fluid intake after the examination. B. Ensure that patient's bladder is emptied before scan. D. Explain to the patient that radioisotope is given 2 hours before the procedure.
A patient will undergo a computed tomography (CT) scan of the knee joint. What nursing interventions should the nurse perform to prepare the patient for the procedure? Select all that apply. A. Inform the patient that procedure is painless. B. Ensure that the patient is shaved completely. C. Administer local anesthesia and obtain a blood sample. D. Inform the patient of the importance of remaining still during the procedure. E. If a contrast medium is being used, verify that patient does not have shellfish allergy.
A. Inform the patient that procedure is painless. D. Inform the patient of the importance of remaining still during the procedure. E. If a contrast medium is being used, verify that patient does not have shellfish allergy.
A patient presents with severe pain in the left lower extremity and also has difficulty ambulating. The left leg appears to be slightly shorter than the right. What points should the nurse consider when taking the measurement of the lower extremity? Select all that apply. A. Measure the muscle mass circumferentially at the largest area. B. Measure the muscle mass circumferentially at the smallest area. C. Measure the length and circumference at the same points of opposite limb. D. Measure the length of the extremity from the anterior superior iliac spine to the toe. E. Measure the length of the extremity from the anterior superior iliac spine to the medial malleolus.
A. Measure the muscle mass circumferentially at the largest area. C. Measure the length and circumference at the same points of opposite limb. E. Measure the length of the extremity from the anterior superior iliac spine to the medial malleolus.
A nurse is performing a musculoskeletal assessment on a patient. What are the findings that denote a normal musculoskeletal system? Select all that apply. A. Muscle strength of 5 B. No eruptions on the joints C. No pigmentation on the joints D. No joint swelling, deformity, or crepitation E. Full range of motion of all joints without pain or laxity F. No tenderness on palpation of spine, joints, or muscles
A. Muscle strength of 5 D. No joint swelling, deformity, or crepitation E. Full range of motion of all joints without pain or laxity F. No tenderness on palpation of spine, joints, or muscles
A patient presents with pain in the wrist joint radiating up the entire arm. What should the nurse ask the patient while taking the health history? Select all that apply. A. Nature of work B. Food preference C. Respiratory function D. Mechanism of injury if any E. Safety practices followed at work
A. Nature of work D. Mechanism of injury if any E. Safety practices followed at work
The nurse is performing a musculoskeletal assessment of an older adult patient whose mobility has been decreasing progressively in recent months. How should the nurse best assess the patient's range of motion (ROM) in the affected leg? A. Observe the patient's unassisted ROM in the affected leg B. Perform passive ROM, asking the patient to report any pain C. Ask the patient to lift progressive weights with the affected leg D. Move both of the patient's legs from a supine position to full flexion
A. Observe the patient's unassisted ROM in the affected leg
A patient is scheduled for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). What nursing interventions should the nurse perform to prepare the patient for the procedure? Select all that apply. A. Offer ear plugs or music. B. Inform the patient to remain still throughout the procedure. C. Ensure that patient is not wearing metal such as zippers or jewelry. D. Ensure that the patient is shaved completely and also catheterize the patient. E. Explain that the machine will make loud tapping noises intermittently, and there is no cause for alarm.
A. Offer ear plugs or music. B. Inform the patient to remain still throughout the procedure. C. Ensure that patient is not wearing metal such as zippers or jewelry. E. Explain that the machine will make loud tapping noises intermittently, and there is no cause for alarm.
A patient presents with severe shoulder pain. Which techniques should the nurse use for assessing this patient? Select all that apply. A. Palpation B. Inspection C. Percussion D. Arthroscopy E. Obtain health history
A. Palpation B. Inspection E. Obtain health history
A patient presents with festinating gait. What are the signs and symptoms while ambulating that a nurse should expect in this patient? Select all that apply. A. Speed may increase as if patient is unable to stop. B. Patient displays delayed start with short, quick, shuffling steps. C. The patient is unable to walk for more than two steps at a time. D. The patient is unable to walk in a straight line and walks diagonally. E. While walking, the neck, trunk, and knees flex while the body is rigid.
A. Speed may increase as if patient is unable to stop. B. Patient displays delayed start with short, quick, shuffling steps. E. While walking, the neck, trunk, and knees flex while the body is rigid.
A nurse is taking a patient's health history related to musculoskeletal system. What are the common symptoms of musculoskeletal impairments? Select all that apply. A. Stiffness B. Weakness C. Joint crepitation D. Redness and blisters E. Changes in pigmentation
A. Stiffness B. Weakness C. Joint crepitation
A patient scheduled for an arthrocentesis is anxious about the procedure. What information should the nurse give to the patient to alleviate anxiety? Select all that apply. A. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. B. This procedure can be performed at the bedside or in an examination room. C. This procedure is performed to visualize and examine interior of the joint cavity. D. There are serious complications, such as respiratory distress, related to the procedure. E. This procedure is performed to obtain samples of synovial fluid or to remove excess fluid from the joint cavity.
A. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. B. This procedure can be performed at the bedside or in an examination room. E. This procedure is performed to obtain samples of synovial fluid or to remove excess fluid from the joint cavity.
A patient is scheduled for an arthroscopy. The patient wants to know what an arthroscopy is. What information should the nurse provide to this patient? Select all that apply. A. The procedure will be performed under anesthesia. B. Fluid from the joints will be aspirated during this procedure. C. This procedure allows visualization of the interior portion of the joint capsule. D. In case of inflammatory joint diseases, intraarticular injections of corticosteroids may be given. E. A needle is inserted in the joint, it is distended with fluid or air, and the joint cavity is examined.
A. The procedure will be performed under anesthesia. C. This procedure allows visualization of the interior portion of the joint capsule. E. A needle is inserted in the joint, it is distended with fluid or air, and the joint cavity is examined.
A patient with a history of falls is suspected of having a fracture in the radius of the right hand. Which diagnostic test should the nurse anticipate to assess the fracture? A. X-ray B. Diskogram C. Computed tomography (CT) scan D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
A. X-ray
The nurse understands that there are three types of muscles in the body. Which body parts are made up of smooth muscles? Select all that apply. A. Legs B. Heart C. Uterus D. Arteries E. Urinary bladder
C. Uterus D. Arteries E. Urinary bladder
The nurse interacts with a patient who has arrived at the hospital for a scheduled electromyogram. The nurse concludes that that the test will need to be rescheduled based on what patient statement? A. "I drank apple juice last night." B. "I drank two cups of coffee this morning." C. "I have been taking antibiotics for one week." D. "I have had knee pain since early this morning."
B. "I drank two cups of coffee this morning."
After assessing the muscle strength of a patient, the nurse scores it as 1 on the Muscle Strength Scale. What does the score mean? A. No detection of muscular contraction B. A barely detectable flicker or trace of contraction with observation or palpation C. Active movement of the body part with elimination of gravity D. Active movement against gravity only and not against resistance
B. A barely detectable flicker or trace of contraction with observation or palpation
The nurse is reviewing the medication histories of patients in a health care setting. The nurse determines that which patient has a risk of gait disturbance? A. A patient taking carbamazepine B. A patient taking a phenothiazine C. A patient taking spironolactone D. A patient taking a corticosteroid
B. A patient taking a phenothiazine
What are the types of movements that are possible at the shoulder joint in a patient suffering from elbow pain? Select all that apply. A. Inversion B. Adduction C. Abduction D. Opposition E. Circumduction
B. Adduction C. Abduction E. Circumduction
The nurse is providing postprocedural care for a patient that has undergone an arthrocentesis. The patient's synovial fluid is whitish yellow in color and has uric acid crystals. Which treatment strategy would be most beneficial for this patient? A. Infusing lactated Ringer's solution B. Administering antigout medications C. Administering antidiabetic medications D. Infusing intravenous calcium supplements
B. Administering antigout medications
A patient with a long-standing history of rheumatoid arthritis has sought care because of increasing stiffness in the right knee that has culminated in complete fixation of the joint. The nurse would document the presence of which problem? A. Atrophy B. Ankylosis C. Crepitation D. Contracture
B. Ankylosis
The nurse, caring for a patient with cancer, recalls that what diagnostic study uses radioisotope to detect increased metastatic activity? A. MRI B. Bone scan C. Ultrasound D. Barium swallow
B. Bone scan
A patient reports knee pain while walking. The nurse observes that the patient's knee joint is inflamed. The nurse suspects that which pathologic condition caused the patient's symptoms? A. Tetany B. Bursitis C. Lordosis D. Scoliosis
B. Bursitis
The nurse finds that a patient has frequent, audible crackling sounds and grating upon joint movement. Which condition does the nurse suspect based on these findings? A. Scoliosis B. Crepitation C. Contracture D. Festinating gait
B. Crepitation
A nurse is taking the health history of a patient with severe lumbar back pain. What are the questions related to sleep-rest patterns that the nurse should ask this patient? Select all that apply. A. Do you sleep often during the day? B. Do you wake up at night because of pain? C. Do you require frequent position changes at night? D. Do you have disturbed sleep at night due to frequent urination? E. Do you experience any difficulty sleeping because of a musculoskeletal problem? F. Do you use complementary and alternative therapies to help you sleep at night?
B. Do you wake up at night because of pain? C. Do you require frequent position changes at night? E. Do you experience any difficulty sleeping because of a musculoskeletal problem? F. Do you use complementary and alternative therapies to help you sleep at night?
What questions should the nurse ask a patient with severe back pain in the lumbar region when taking the health history? Select all that apply. A. Have you been vaccinated against hepatitis? B. Does your work involve lifting any heavy objects? C. Have you taken any high-dose antibiotic recently? D. Has this pain affected your social or professional life? E. Do you consume any dietary supplements like calcium or vitamin D? F. Do you require frequent change of position while you are sleeping because of the pain?
B. Does your work involve lifting any heavy objects? D. Has this pain affected your social or professional life? E. Do you consume any dietary supplements like calcium or vitamin D? F. Do you require frequent change of position while you are sleeping because of the pain?
The patient is having a musculoskeletal diagnostic test called an electromyogram (EMG). The nurse knows that this test __________. A. Evaluates potential of muscle contractions B. Evaluates electrical potential related to skeletal muscle contraction C. Records variations in volume and pressure of blood passing through tissues D. Uses an infrared detector to measure degrees of heat radiating from the skin surface
B. Evaluates electrical potential related to skeletal muscle contraction
During a physical assessment, the nurse asks the patient to abduct the elbow joint. How should the nurse instruct the patient? A. Move your elbow toward the midline of your body. B. Move your elbow away from the midline of your body. C. Bend your elbow to decrease the angle between two bones. D. Straighten your elbow to increase the angle between two bones.
B. Move your elbow away from the midline of your body.
A patient injured his or her arm after doing an activity he or she had not done before. What factor was most likely the cause of the injury? A. Muscle pain B. Muscle fatigue C. Swelling of the arm D. Poor range of motion
B. Muscle fatigue
In reviewing bone remodeling, what should the nurse know about the involvement of bone cells? A. Osteoclasts add canaliculi B. Osteoblasts deposit new bone C. Osteocytes are mature bone cells D. Osteons create a dense bone structure
B. Osteoblasts deposit new bone
The nurse is performing a physical examination on a patient who is suffering from extreme pain in the right knee as well as weakness in the right leg. What should the nurse consider when performing palpation? Select all that apply. A. Palpate only the affected region. B. Palpate the muscles as well as joints. C. Rub your hands together before palpating. D. Palpate from above to below (cephalopedal direction). E. Do not palpate the knee region, because it will cause discomfort for the patient.
B. Palpate the muscles as well as joints. C. Rub your hands together before palpating. D. Palpate from above to below (cephalopedal direction).
A nurse is interviewing a patient to assess the risk for developing musculoskeletal impairments. What are the conditions that increase the patient's risk of developing a musculoskeletal ailment? Select all that apply. A. Patient has a history of hyperlipidemia and has been on lovastatin for a long time. B. Patient has a history of premenopausal amenorrhea and is taking oral contraceptives. C. Patient has renal disease and has been taking a potassium-depleting diuretic for a long time. D. Patient suffers from hypertension and has been on treatment with amlodipine for a long time. E. Patient has a seizure disorder and has been taking antiseizure medications for a long time.
B. Patient has a history of premenopausal amenorrhea and is taking oral contraceptives. C. Patient has renal disease and has been taking a potassium-depleting diuretic for a long time. E. Patient has a seizure disorder and has been taking antiseizure medications for a long time.
The nurse is performing a health history assessment on the older patient. The nurse knows that which of these illnesses can affect the older patient's musculoskeletal status? Select all that apply. A. Pancreatitis B. Poliomyelitis C. Diverticulitis D. Tuberculosis E. Diabetes mellitus
B. Poliomyelitis D. Tuberculosis E. Diabetes mellitus
The nurse is performing a physical examination on a patient with sciatica. Which statements are correct for the straight-leg-raising test? Select all that apply. A. The patient should lie prone for the test. B. The nerve root at the level of L4-5 or L5-S1 may be involved. C. The patient is instructed to actively raise his or her legs to 60 degrees. D. The test is positive if the patient complains of pain along the distribution of the sciatic nerve. E. A positive test indicates nerve root irritation from intervertebral disc prolapse and herniation.
B. The nerve root at the level of L4-5 or L5-S1 may be involved. D. The test is positive if the patient complains of pain along the distribution of the sciatic nerve. E. A positive test indicates nerve root irritation from intervertebral disc prolapse and herniation.
The nurse is assisting the radiologist while doing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for a patient. Which action of the nurse would be helpful to the patient during the test? A. The nurse allows the patient to drink coffee. B. The nurse allows the patient to listen to music. C. The nurse allows the patient to wear a hearing aid. D. The nurse allows the patient to keep credit cards in the pocket.
B. The nurse allows the patient to listen to music.
A patient is scheduled for a somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP). What information should the nurse provide the patient? Select all that apply. A. This test analyzes and determines the strength of the bones. B. The procedure is similar to EMG but does not involve needles. C. Transcutaneous or percutaneous electrodes are applied to the skin. D. The test measures nerve conduction along the pathways not accessible by electromyogram (EMG). E. The electrodes are pierced in the superficial layer on the skin under anesthesia, so it is not painful.
B. The procedure is similar to EMG but does not involve needles. C. Transcutaneous or percutaneous electrodes are applied to the skin. D. The test measures nerve conduction along the pathways not accessible by electromyogram (EMG).
A patient will undergo electromyography. What information should the nurse give to the patient? Select all that apply. A. This test can be carried out at the bedside. B. There may be some discomfort because of the needles. C. Small-gauge needles are inserted into certain muscles. D. There may be severe bleeding and pain, and local anesthesia may be given. E. It is useful in identifying any lower motor neuron dysfunction or primary muscle diseases.
B. There may be some discomfort because of the needles. C. Small-gauge needles are inserted into certain muscles. E. It is useful in identifying any lower motor neuron dysfunction or primary muscle diseases.
During a physical assessment, the nurse asks the patient to perform inversion movement of the foot. What instruction should the nurse give to the patient? A. Flex your ankle and toes toward the shin. B. Turn the sole inward toward the midline of the body. C. Turn the sole outward away from the midline of the body. D. Flex your ankle and toes toward the plantar surface of the foot.
B. Turn the sole inward toward the midline of the body.
A nurse is taking the health history of a patient with severe pain in the right knee and lower right extremity. What are the important questions related to the dietary behavior of the patient that the nurse should ask about? Select all that apply. A. Do you like to eat out? B. What is your usual daily intake of food? C. Do you have difficulties preparing your food? D. Do you consume any calcium or vitamin D supplements? E. Do you face any digestive problem after the consumption of some specific food?
B. What is your usual daily intake of food? C. Do you have difficulties preparing your food? D. Do you consume any calcium or vitamin D supplements?
A patient with gout underwent arthrocentesis. What would be the characteristics of the fluid aspirated? Select all that apply. A. Floating fat globules B. Whitish yellow in color C. Purulent and thick fluid D. Elevated protein content E. Presence of uric acid crystals
B. Whitish yellow in color E. Presence of uric acid crystals
A patient admitted with cellulitis and probable osteomyelitis received an injection of radioisotope at 9:00 AM before a bone scan. At what time should the nurse plan to send the patient for the bone scan? A. 9:30 PM B. 10:00 AM C. 11:00 AM D. 1:00 PM
C. 11:00 AM
When assessing muscle strength of a patient, the nurse finds out that the patient can perform active movement against gravity and some resistance. Which grade will the nurse give this patient? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
C. 4
The nurse has documented that a patient with a musculoskeletal injury is experiencing fatigue. Which part of the nursing process has the nurse used? A. Planning B. Evaluation C. Assessment D. Nursing diagnosis
C. Assessment
Which is an example of a gliding joint? A. Wrist B. Shoulder C. Between carpal bones D. Carpometacarpal of thumb
C. Between carpal bones
A patient asks the nurse why an arthrogram has been scheduled. The nurse should reply that this test is designed to identify which condition? A. Fractures of the bone B. The risk for osteoporosis C. Disorders of the cartilage D. Peripheral vasculature patency
C. Disorders of the cartilage
During the nursing musculoskeletal assessment, the nurse assesses the joint movements. On the nurse's instruction, the patient flexes the ankle and toes toward the shin. As what should the nurse record this movement? A. Inversion B. Eversion C. Dorsiflexion D. Plantar flexion
C. Dorsiflexion
A patient who develops dyspnea and is unable to complete activities of daily living (ADLs) without assistance is most likely suffering from which problem? A. Stress B. Anger C. Fatigue D. Numbness
C. Fatigue
When assessing the range of motion in a patient, which instrument should the nurse use? A. Spirometer B. Arthroscope C. Goniometer D. Fundoscope
C. Goniometer
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of four patients. What should the nurse conclude from these laboratory reports? A. Patient D has a risk of gout. B. Patient C has rheumatoid arthritis. C. Patient A has hypoparathyroidism. D. Patient B may have Paget's disease.
C. Patient A has hypoparathyroidism.
An older adult patient states, "I am frustrated by my flabby belly and rigid hips." What is the best response by the nurse? A. "You should go on a diet and exercise more to feel better about yourself." B. "Something must be wrong with you because you should not have these problems." C. "You have arthritis and need to go on nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)." D. "Decreased muscle mass and strength, and increased hip rigidity are normal changes of aging."
D. "Decreased muscle mass and strength, and increased hip rigidity are normal changes of aging."
The nurse is caring for a patient with pain in the posterior leg, initially when walking and later at rest. What does the nurse suspect based on these symptoms? A. Atrophy B. Ankylosis C. Antalgic gait D. Achilles tendonitis
D. Achilles tendonitis
After conducting muscle-strength tests on a patient, the nurse assigns a score of 2 on the muscle strength scale. What did the nurse observe to make this clinical determination? A. A barely detectable flicker with palpation B. Active movement against gravity and some resistance C. Active movement against gravity but not against resistance D. Active movement of the body part with elimination of gravity
D. Active movement of the body part with elimination of gravity
A patient with musculoskeletal fatigue is weak. How does the nurse best provide safety when the patient needs to go to the bathroom? A. By providing a bedpan B. By providing a bedside commode C. By assisting the patient to the bathroom D. By assessing the patient's ability to walk to the bathroom
D. By assessing the patient's ability to walk to the bathroom
A nurse is taking the health history of a patient suffering from severe knee pain. Which question related to the sexuality-reproductive pattern are important in this scenario for assessment? A. What are your sexual preferences? B. How many sexual partners do you have? C. Which method of contraception do you use? D. Do you face any sexual concerns related to your mobility?
D. Do you face any sexual concerns related to your mobility?
A patient has been on bed rest for several days due to an acute illness. The patient is finally able to get up in a chair. Of what will the patient most likely complain? A. Heart racing B. Sore muscles C. Trouble breathing D. Fatigue or tiredness
D. Fatigue or tiredness
What is a common complaint after a patient has completed physical therapy? A. Dry skin B. Blindness C. Constipation D. Fatigue or tiredness
D. Fatigue or tiredness
The nurse is caring for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who is receiving non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Which intervention included in the care plan will help the nurse provide safe and effective care? A. Provide a potassium-rich diet B. Administer vitamin C supplements C. Teach deep breathing and Kegel exercises D. Monitor for symptoms of gastrointestinal distress
D. Monitor for symptoms of gastrointestinal distress
A patient complains he or she is unable to sleep in the hospital. What can the nurse do to promote rest? A. Leave the door open at night. B. Leave the room light on at night. C. Keep the patient up during the day. D. Provide pillows and blankets for comfort.
D. Provide pillows and blankets for comfort.
The nurse is caring for a patient who exhibits increased flexion in the hip and knee to clear the foot from the floor. The patient also exhibits footdrop, and the foot slaps down and along the walking surface. Which condition does the nurse suspect based on these findings? A. Pes planus B. Spastic gait C. Short-leg gait D. Steppage gait
D. Steppage gait
A patient is about to have a bone scan. What information should be included when teaching the patient about this procedure? A. Two additional follow-up scans will be required B. There will be only mild pain associated with the procedure C. The procedure takes approximately 15 to 30 minutes to complete D. The patient will be asked to drink increased fluids after the procedure
D. The patient will be asked to drink increased fluids after the procedure
A patient is admitted to the hospital with Boutonnière deformity. What are the signs and symptoms that the nurse is likely to find during assessment? Select all that apply. A. Partial dislocation of finger joints B. Fingers drift to ulnar side of forearm C. Flexion of proximal interphalangeal joint D. Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joint E. Hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint
E. Hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint
