chapter 7

All vertebrae possess a body, a spine, and transverse foramina T/F

F

Because of its many direct articulations with the axial skeleton, the pectoral girdle is very stable. T/F

F

Lordosis affects the thoracic vertebrae. T/F

F

The pituitary gland is housed in a saddle-like depression in the temporal bone called the sella turcica. T/F

F

Costal cartilages join most ribs to the sternum. T/F

T

In the anatomical position, the lateral forearm bone is the radius. T/F

T

The femur is the largest and strongest bone in the body. T/F

T

The ischium articulates with both the ilium and the pubis forming the acetabulum. T/F

T

There are seven cervical, twelve thoracic, and five lumbar vertebrae. T/F

T

Curvatures of the spine serve the body by ________. a. giving additional springiness and flexibility to the spine which absorbs shock b. limiting the flexibility of the spine and preventing hyperextension c. providing space for soft organs in the various body cavities d. applying greater pressure to the intervertebral disks preventing them from slipping

a

MISTAKE

a

Paranasal sinuses are found in which of these facial bones? a. maxillae b. nasal conchae c. zygomatic bones d. vomer

a

The pelvic girdle does NOT include the ________. a. femur b. ischium c. ilium d. pubis

a

The vomer and ethmoid bones form part of the __________. a. nasal septum b. orbits c. lateral walls of the nasal cavity d. lacrimal fossa

a

Thoracic vertebrae differ from the other vertebrae in that they have ________. a. costal facets b. no transverse processes c. no intervertebral discs d. transverse foramina

a

During concussion (a type of traumatic brain injury) the brain will move within the cranial cavity. Damage is caused to the brain as it crashes into parts of the bony cavity walls. Ironically one of the bone markings that can cause serious damage to the brain is the ________. This is ironic because one of the functions of this bone marking is to ________. a. perpendicular plate; separate the left and right halves of the nasal cavity b. crista galli; attach to the dura matter holding the brain in place c. styloid process; attach to and support the hyoid bone d. pterygoid processes; anchor important chewing muscles

b

How are the male and female pelvises different? a. The female pelvis has thicker bones with more prominent bone markings b. The pelvic inlet is heart-shaped in the male. c. The male pelvis is usually wider, shallower, and lighter. d. The acetabula are larger and closer together in the female.

b

How many lumbar vertebrae are there in a typical adult skeleton? a. 4 b. 5 c. 7 d. 12

b

The __________ is the only bone in the body that does not directly articulate with any other bone. a. vomer b. hyoid bone c. temporal bone d. clavicle

b

The hyoid bone is unique because it ________. a. is composed of three bones joined together b. is the only bone of the body that does not articulate with any other bone c. is the only bone formed by the fusion of right and left halves d. is the only irregular bone found in the neck

b

Which bone forms the anterior cranium? a. sphenoid bone b. frontal bone c. temporal bone d. palatine bone

b

Which bone or pair of bones forms the most superior portion of the cranium? a. the frontal bone b. the parietal bones c. the occipital bone d. the temporal bones

b

Which is the best description for the function of the cranial bones? a. provide passageways for respiratory gases to move into and out of the body b. protect the brain c. allow introduction of food into the digestive system d. house the special sense organs

b

Which of the bones of the skull would you also refer to as a cheekbone? a. the temporal bone b. the zygomatic bone c. the parietal bone d. the occipital bone

b

Which of the following bones do NOT contain a paired paranasal sinus? a. the frontal bones b. the zygomatic bones c. the sphenoid bones d. the ethmoid bones

b

Which of the following bones is NOT part of the orbit? a. the frontal bone b. the temporal bone c. the zygomatic bone d. the maxilla

b

Which of the following is correctly matched? a. kyphosis; accentuated lumbar curvature b. scoliosis; abnormal lateral curvature c. herniated disc; dorsally exaggerated thoracic curvature d. lordosis; rupture of the anulus fibrosus

b

Which of the following would be most associated with housing the special sense organs? a. the bones of the inner ear b. the temporal bones c. hyoid bone d. the cranial bones

b

Which vertebra does NOT have a body? a. axis b. atlas c. last cervical d. last lumbar

b

The sella turcica is part of the ________ bone and houses the ________ gland a. ethmoid; pituitary b. sphenoid; thymus c. sphenoid; pituitary d. ethmoid; thymus

c

What are the major functions of the intervertebral discs? a. to prevent hyperextension and allow rotation of the spine b. to remove curvatures of the spine and provide springiness to the spinal column c. to absorb shock and provide flexibility to the spine d. to hold together the vertebra and support the body

c

What is the major function of the axial skeleton? a. provide an attachment point for muscles that allow movement b. give the body resilience c. provide central support for the body and protect internal organs d. provide a space for the major digestive organs

c

Which is the largest, longest, and strongest bone in the body? a. the tibia b. the os coxae c. the femur d. the fibula

c

Which of the following can be considered a function of the paranasal sinuses? a. Sinuses have rough patches that aid in muscle attachment. b. The paranasal sinuses are passageways for nerves to pass through. c. Sinuses take away a minimal amount of strength from bones while reducing the weight of bones. d. Sinuses are often referred to as vestigial, anatomical features with no know function.

c

Which of the following is the abnormal curve often seen in pregnant women as they attempt to preserve their center of gravity toward the end of the pregnancy? a. hunchback b. kyphosis c. lordosis d. scoliosis

c

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched? a. cervical vertebrae; rib facets b. thoracic vertebrae; transverse foramen c. lumbar vertebrae; short, flat spinous processes d. lumbar vertebrae; bifid spinous processes e. thoracic vertebrae; triangular vertebral foramen

c

Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. The female pelvis is tilted further forward than the male pelvis. b. The pubic arch is broader in the pelvis of a female than in the pelvis of a male. c. The pelvic outlet is narrower in a female than in a male. d. The female pelvis is thinner than that of a male.

c

Which of the following statements is true? a. The scapula marks the origin of the appendicular skeleton b. The humerus is the most proximal bone in the upper appendicular skeleton. c. The radius is the lateral bone in the forearm. d. The phalanges in the thumb are the most medial bones in the hand

c

Which of the following would be most associated with process of warming, humidifying, and filtering the air we inhale? a. hyoid bone b. the cranial bones c. the nasal cavity d. the bones comprising the orbits

c

How many bones make up the adult skull? a. 12 b. 7 c. 5 d. 22

d

Old age affects many parts of the skeleton. Which of the following is NOT associated with old age? a. The vertebrae become more porous and likely to fracture. b. The intervertebral discs become thinner and less elastic c. The thoracic cage becomes more rigid as costal cartilages ossify. d. The mandible continues to grow and thicken.

d

The axial skeleton includes ________. a. the skull, the scapula, and the vertebral column b. arms, legs, hands, and feet c. the skull, vertebral column, and pelvis d. the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage

d

Which of the following bones are part of the axial skeleton? a. bones of the lower limbs b. bones of the pectoral girdles c. bones of the the pelvic girdle d. bones of the face

d

Which of the following structures is common only to only one region of the spinal column? a. transverse processes b. superior articulating surfaces c. spinous processes d. rib facets e. pedicles

d

Which part of the vertebral column receives the most stress by bearing most of the weight of the body? a. the cervical region b. the sacral promontory c. the sacrum d. the lumbar region

d

Which vertebrae would you expect to have the largest body, relative to the other regions? a. thoracic b. sacral c. cervical d. lumbar

d

Which of the following is NOT a facial bone? a. the maxilla b. the nasal bone c. the vomer bone d. the zygomatic bone e. the sphenoid bone

e