Chapter 7 OB

drive to find meaning in our lives

"Striving to find a meaning in one's life is the primary motivational force" for people. It is the ___________________ that instills in us a sense of purpose and motivation to pursue goals.

Virtuousness

- What individuals and organizations aspire to be when they are at their very best.

do well, do good

Businesses ________ by being profitable and performing at a high level, but they also ________ by making the well-being of their employees and other stakeholders a priority.

bias

Can have optimists ____________

· Socializing with new and old friends. · Enjoying their academic subjects · Having more free time · Understanding the performing well in class.

Contributed most to their flourishing:

well-being

Doing good can enhance ______________, even in the absence of a monetary reward, and it can happen at all levels in the Organizing Framework.

Organizational Climate

Employees' shared perceptions of organizational policies, practices, procedures, and routines.

work environments.

People are more likely to exhibit prosocial behaviors when positive OB is taking place in their

groups

People prefer to be in _______________ and work collaboratively with others to get things done.

Hope

Persevering toward goals and, when necessary, redirecting paths in order to succeed.

Achievement

Pertains to the extent to which we have a self-directed "achieving life." In other words, we flourish when we pursue achievement for its own sake. Doing so fosters feeling of competence and mastery, which in turn enhances out self-esteem and self-efficacy.

Minimize Incivility

Poor treatment, for example bullying and rude behavior, has dramatic negative effects on outcomes in the Organizing Framework and often leads to uncivil behavior by the victims. Organizations need to select employees based on their civility and take swift appropriate action when incivility occurs.

receptive to new ideas

Positive Experiences activate a supportive orientation and lead us to be more responsive to positive information. More _____________ when in a good mood.

Considerable levels of hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism (HERO).

Positive Psychological Capital (PsyCap)

Prosocial Behaviors

Positive acts performed without the expectation of anything in return.

Upward spirals of positivity

Positive behaviors, feelings, and attitudes that generate the same in others in a continually reinforcing process.

positive

Positive climates lead to _______________ outcomes like fewer accidents at work

broaden

Positive emotions _______________ your perspective as to how to overcome challenges in life.

build

Positive emotions also ___________ on themselves, resulting in a spreading of positive emotions within yourself and to those around you.

others

Positive emotions are often associated with activities that include ______________.

person factors

Positive emotions help drive positivity from ______________.

· Social relationships are supportive, fulfilling, and lasting. · Psychological well0being that leads to personal growth, meaningful goals, and self-acceptance. · Physical well-being in the form of lower stress and a healthy heart.

Positive emotions help you build resources in the form of:

Signature Strengths

Positive human traits that influence thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and provide a sense of fulfillment and meaning.

empower, support, and develop

Positive organizations ___________________________ employees not just because leaders believe doing so is valuable in and of itself, but because it helps meet shareholder expectations.

the amplifying effect, the buffering effect, and positivity effect.

Positive outcomes are generated through three processes:

Amplifying effect

Positive practices from one individual result in additional positive practices by others, which spur positivity in others, which generate other positive outcomes. Idea is that positivity fuels more positivity.

well-being

Positive relationships are a strong contributor to our ________________. They buffer from stressors and provide resources enabling us to more effectively accomplish tasks.

social support

Positive relationships fuel the giving and receiving of ______________.

counterproductive thinking and mind wandering

Practicing mindfulness helps you focus your mind on productive activities while constraining _______________________.

negative experiences and events.

PsyCap has also been shown to guard against ____________.

go your way and when they don't

Resilience helps you when things ___________________- it is your built in shield and recovery characteristic.

new experiences, flexible to changing demands, and emotionally stable

Resilient people are open to _______________________ when confronted with adversity.

Positively Effect.

The attraction of all living systems toward positive energy and away from negative energy, or toward that which is life giving and away from that which is life depleting.

Mindfulness

The awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally to the unfolding of experience moment by moment.

Resilience

The capacity to consistently bounce back from adversity and to sustain yourself when confronted with challenges.

Forgiveness

The capacity to foster collective abandonment of justified resentment, bitterness, and blame, and instead adopt positive, forward-looking approaches in response to harm or damage.

Well-being

The combined impact of five-elements- positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and achievement (PERMA). Well-being comes from freely pursuing one or more of these five elements.

mental chatter

The default setting in our minds is to judge or evaluate our current internal and external situation, and it is this____________ that detracts from the inner quiet we need to stay focused on the aware of what is going on around us.

Flourishing

The extent to which our lives contain PERMA.

elevate, enrich, and flourish.

The focus of virtuous leadership is to help individuals, groups, and organizations to

Positive Organizational Behavior (positive OB)

The focus on positive human characteristics that can be measured, developed, and effectively managed for performance improvement.

1. Look in the mirror (look into themselves and acknowledge issues) 2. Build strengths into performance management 3. Know your purpose 4. Coach and develop strengths-oriented managers

The following guidance on how organizations can create environments that foster and utilize employees' strengths:

broaden-and-build theory

The perspective on positive emotions is called __________________________, which proposes positive emotions broaden our attention and make us more open to experience.

Organizational Practices

The procedures, policies, practices, routines, and rules that organizations use to get things done.

Meaningfulness

The sense of belonging to and serving something that you believe is bigger than the self.

Flow

The state of being completely involved in an activity for its own sake.

1. Restorative Justice 2. Compassion 3. Temperance

Three global values essential for promoting positive organizational behavior are described next:

Social Companionship:

Time spent with others in leisure and recreational activities.

you must have three, five, or more

To flourish and experience the benefits of positive OB discussed in the chapter, you must have ____________________ positive experiences for every negative.

flexible, views

True optimistic are _____________ and willing to revise their ____________ as situations change.

a breathing meditation and a walking meditation

Two approaches to learn mindfulness:

greater good

Virtuous leaders are more focused on the _____________ than on self-interest.

1. Identify activities you love doing. 2. Find a way to build your natural strengths into your personal and work life. 3. Go out and help someone- a. Research shows people derive a sense of meaningfulness from helping others. b. Helping others creates the upward spiral of positivity.

We have three suggestions for building meaning into your life:

Resilience

When hampered by problems and adversity, sustaining and bouncing back and even beyond to attain success.

The goal of practicing mindfulness is to help you become more __________________.

calm-and-collected in all circumstances

Efficacy

component of your core self-evaluations (CSE) and represents your confidence in your ability to achieve. It therefore influences the way you perceive the world around you and your ability to deal with challenges and opportunities.

Positive OB

focuses on creating exceptionally positive inputs, processes, and outcomes at all levels in the organizing framework (positive deviance).

Positive OB focuses on building positive qualities in and positive outcomes for

individual, groups, and organizations.

Provide Decision

making discretion- Allowing employees to make decisions gives them a sense of control and greater opportunities for learning.

Esteem support

reassurance a person is accepted and respected despite any problems or inadequacies.

Positive emotions are _____________ individual differences and are important processes in the organizing framework.

relatively flexible

Not only do you reap the benefits of helping somebody else, but

that person also benefits, and so does the person he or she helps, and so on.

Positive emotions, mindfulness, psychological capital, and signature strengths are

the inputs that help create positivity from person factors, and organizational climate is an input that helps create positivity from situation factors.

Integrity

which some from being guided by morals and honesty, fosters positive OB.

Values

an abstract ideals that guide our thinking and behavior across all situations.

Positive Climates

are a function of organizational values, organizational practices, and virtuous leadership.

Temperance

A shared belief in showing restraint and control when faced with temptation and provocation.

Restorative Justice

A shared belief in the importance of resolving conflict multilaterally though the inclusion of victims, offenders, and all other stakeholders.

Compassion

A shared value that drives people to help others who are suffering. It is associated with behaviors related to sympathy, kindness, tenderness, warmth, and love.

cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and physical

Although mindfulness was originally used as a means for guarding against negative work-related outcomes, such as stress and burnout, now it is promoted for improving a wide range of ________________ outcomes.

reinforcing cycles or upward spirals of positivity.

Amplifying effect results in

Optimism

Attribution of successes to personal, permanent, and pervasive causes, and negative events to external, temporary, and situation-specific ones.

Hope

Believing the future will be better than the present and that you have some power to make it happen. Hope requires both a goal and a means for achieving that goal.

Efficacy Development

Break your larger goal into smaller sub-goals.

Provide Feedback

Feedback can be motivational and instructional.

Instrumental support

Financial aid, material resources, or needed services.

profitable

Flourishing is also ___________________.

· Create high quality connections o Make someone the only person in the room o Support o Give trust o Goof off · Cultivate kindness · Develop Distractions · Dispute negative self-talk and thoughts

Following activities can help increase positive experiences and decrease your negative ones:

-Provide Decision -Share information -Minimize Incivility -Provide Feedback

Organizations can foster positive deviance in employees in a number of ways, such as these describes:

Efficacy

Having the confidence to take on challenging tasks and put in the effort necessary to succeed.

Informational support

Help defining, understanding, and coping with problems.

Optimism Development

Hope development bolsters your optimism, but it may be helpful to identify obstacles and negative expectations.

adaptability and change

Hope supports _______________. The problem-solving approach can help too.

Willpower+Waypower

Hope=

Companies help employees achieve by providing skills-based training and professional developmental activities.

How companies help employees with achievement:

1. Identifying your signature strengths 2. Learning to use them in daily personal and work activities.

How to create engagement or flow for yourself:

Positive spirals may also work in the other direction.

In diverse customer service jobs customers who showed delight with the service generated positive emotions in the provider and subsequent increase in that person's organizational commitment and job satisfaction.

Share information

Information helps employees see the impact of their work and how it fits into the big picture, like the vision and goals of the organization.

Resilience Development

Make a list of your personal talents, skills, and social connections.

Optimism

Making a positive attribution about succeeding now and in the future.

social responsibility and a focus on the greater good

Many investors now include ________________________ when it comes to employees and communities as key criteria in their investment decisions.

limiting

Negative emotions are ______________, and positive emotions are resources that fuel individual, group, and organizational flourishing.

many outcomes in the organizing framework

Not only is PsyCap flexible, but it also has been shown to improve

realistic and flexible.

Optimists are both _________________

reflects employees' beliefs

Organizational climate ____________________ about what they see going on at work and what is happening to them.

1. Esteem support 2. Informational support 3. Social Companionship 4. Instrumental support

Social support has four types:

Positive Deviance

Successful performance that dramatically exceeds the norm in a positive direction.

Social support

The amount of perceived helpfulness we derive from social relationships.

All agree that positive and negative experiences are not equivalent.

You cannot remedy a negative experience by simply adding a positive one.