Chapter 7 QUIZ

BLANK are workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, valued, and encouraged. A. Creative work environments B. Design iterations C. Core change coalitions D. Functional groups

A

In the context of organizational development, the purpose of person-focused interventions is to: A. increase interpersonal effectiveness by helping people to become aware of their attitudes. B. assess how a group functions and help it work more effectively to accomplish its goals. C. change the character and performance of an organization, business unit, or department. D. help a work group establish short- and long-term goals.

A

Which of the following best defines results-driven change? A. It is the change created quickly by focusing on the measurement and improvement of outcomes. B. It is the phase of a technology cycle in which companies innovate by lowering costs and improving the functioning and performance of the dominant technological design. C. It is the change based on incremental improvements to a dominant technological design such that the improved technology is fully backward compatible with the older technology. D.It is the phase of a technology cycle characterized by technological substitution and design competition.

A

BLANK are forces that produce differences in the form, quality, or condition of an organization over time. A. Resistance forces B. change forces C. defiance forces D. effort forces

B

BLANK is a change based on incremental improvements to a dominant technological design such that the improved technology is fully backward compatible with the older technology. A. Discontinuous change B. Generational change C. Results-driven change D. Incremental change

B

During design competition, A. the patterns of innovation over time create sustainable competitive advantage B. an older technology usually improves significantly in response to the competitive threat from the new technologies C. a scientific advance of existing technologies creates a significant breakthrough in performance or function D. a new dominant design prevents a company from competitively selling its products or makes it difficult to do so

B

Russeng, a travel agency, had a huge setback in its business as customers started to book travel tickets online and make their own itineraries using the information available on the Internet. It failed to take the necessary corrective measures to address this issue, and this led to an overall decrease in the company's performance. Which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate? A. Generational change B. organizational decline C. design iteration D. technological discontinuity

B

Which of the following statements is true of resistance to change? A. Employees are more likely to resist change if they have to participate in planning and implementing the change process. B. It decreases when change efforts receive significant managerial support. C. Employees are more likely to resist change if they are asked to focus on short-term wins, rather than long-term goals. D. It is used to manage innovation in more certain environments during periods of incremental change.

B

Which of the following statements is true of technological lockout? A. It occurs when new technologies compete to establish a new technological standard. B. It occurs when a new dominant design prevents a company from competitively selling its products. C. It occurs when customers purchase new technologies to replace older technologies. D. It occurs when companies innovate by improving the functioning and performance of the dominant design.

B

BLANK is the process used to get workers and managers to change their behaviors and work practices. A. Unfreezing B. Refreezing C. Change Intervention D. Change remediation

C

Elotrik, a company that manufactures and supplies epilators, implements a marketing strategy to popularize its epilators and replace razors in the market. To counter this and stay in the market, the razor manufacturers introduce new offers and discounts. In the context of innovation streams, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate? A. Design iteration B. Technological lockout C. Design competition D. Technological substitution

C

In the context of organizational development, the purpose of large-system interventions is to: A. assess how a group functions and help it work more effectively to accomplish its goals. B. help a work group establish short- and long-term goals. C. increase interpersonal effectiveness by helping people to become aware of their attitudes. D. change the character and performance of an organization, business unit, or department.

D

In the context of resistance to change, _____ is the use of formal power and authority to force others to change. A.refreezing B. negotiation C. unfreezing D. coercion

D

Keniey, a company that manufactures and supplies home appliances, launches a fully automatic advanced food processor that performs the functions of slicing, chopping, grinding, shredding, grating, pureeing, kneading, mixing, and blending. The product is priced lower than semi-automatic food processors sold by other brands. In the context of innovation streams, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate? A. Refreezing B. change intervention C. unfreezing D. incremental change

D

Which of the following best defines an incremental change? A. It is the competition between old and new technologies to establish a new technological standard or dominant design. B. It is a phase of a technology cycle characterized by technological substitution and design competition. C. It is the purchase of new technologies to replace older ones. D. It is a phase in which companies innovate by lowering the cost and improving the functioning and performance of a dominant design.

D

Which of the following is a difference between experiential and compression approaches to innovation? A. Experiential approach is used in fast-growing environments, whereas compression approach is used in highly uncertain environments. B. Experiential approach is used in periods of incremental change, whereas compression approach is used in periods of discontinuous change. C. Experiential approach is used to shorten the time of individual steps in the innovation process, whereas compression approach is used to test the improved product or service prototype. D. Experiential approach is used to establish a new dominant design, whereas compression approach is used to improve the function of an existing dominant design.

D

The compression approach to innovation assumes that innovation is occurring within a highly uncertain environment and that the key to fast product innovation is to use intuition, flexible options, and hands-on experience to reduce uncertainty and accelerate learning and understanding. (T/F)

F

In the context of managing resistance to change BLANK is supporting and reinforcing the new changes so that they stick.

Refreezing

In terms of change tools and techniques, the General Electric workout is a special kind of results-driven change. (T/F)

T

BLANK is the phase of an innovation stream in which a scientific advance or unique combination of existing technologies creates a significant breakthrough in performance or function.

Technological discontinuity