Chapter 7 quiz review and podcast.

What defined republicanism as a social philosophy

; if the people are virtuous, the republic will survive. If the people become corrupt, the republic will fall

Connecticut Compromise

Compromise agreement by states at the Constitutional Convention for a bicameral legislature with a lower house in which representation would be based on population and an upper house in which each state would have two senators.

radical Whigs

Eighteenth-century British political commentators who agitated against political corruption and emphasized the threat to liberty posed by arbitrary power. Their writings shaped American political thought and made colonists especially alert to encroachments on their rights.

Which of the following was not one of Franklin's thirteen virtues?

mercy

Anti-Federalists

people who opposed the Constitution

What were the circumstances that led to Shays' Rebellion? What was the government's response? Would this response have confirmed or negated the grievances of the participants in the uprising? Why?

shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising in Western Massachusetts and Worcester in response to a debt crisis among the citizenry and in opposition to the state government's increased efforts to collect taxes both on individuals and their trades. The fight took place mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787. American Revolutionary War veteran Daniel Shays led four thousand rebels in a protest against economic and civil rights injustices.

Federalists

supporters of the Constitution

three-fifths compromise

Agreement that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House for representation and taxation purposes (negated by the 13th amendment)

How would you characterize Thomas Jefferson's ideas on race and slavery?

Although he owned hundreds of slaves in his lifetime and fathered several children with his slave Sally Hemings, Jefferson opposed slavery. He argued that the institution should be abolished and slaves returned to Africa, believing that blacks and whites could not live together in a free society without the result of a race war.

proportional representation

An election system in which each party running receives the proportion of legislative seats corresponding to its proportion of the vote.

Which of the following figures did not actively challenge the status of women in the early American republic?

B. Phillis Wheatley

Which plan resolved the issue of representation for the U.S. Constitution?

C. the Connecticut Compromise

Under the Articles of Confederation, what power did the national Confederation Congress have?

.the power to create land ordinances

monarchy

A government ruled by a king or queen

What were the primary causes of Shays' Rebellion?

A group of farmers in western Massachusetts, including Daniel Shays, rebelled against the Massachusetts government, which they saw as unresponsive to their needs. Many were veterans of the Revolutionary War and faced tremendous debts and high taxes, which they couldn't pay with their worthless paper money. They felt that they didn't have a voice in the Massachusetts government, which seemed to cater to wealthy Boston merchants. They wanted their debts to be forgiven and the Massachusetts constitution to be rewritten to address their needs, and when these demands weren't met, they rebelled.

Electoral College

A group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president

Bicameral

A legislature consisting of two parts, or houses

To what form of government did the American revolutionaries turn after the war for independence?

A. republicanism

Describe popular attitudes toward African Americans, women, and Indians in the wake of the Revolution. In what ways did the established social and political order depend upon keeping members of these groups in their circumscribed roles? If those roles were to change, how would American society and politics have had to adjust?

I think the popular attitude was that African Americans and women had restricted movements in all parts of life. Married women could hold office or business Africans could not marry or own land. If the role changed Americans could have to share jobs with women and African Americans.

In this chapter's discussion of New York's ratifying convention, Alexander Hamilton takes issue with Anti-Federalist delegate Melancton Smith's assertion that (as Hamilton says) "a pure democracy, if it were practicable, would be the most perfect government." What did Smith—and Hamilton—mean by "a pure democracy"? How does this compare to the type of democracy that represents the modern United States

It has been observed by an honorable gentleman [Smith], that a pure democracy if it were practicable, would be the most perfect government. Experience has proven, that no position in politics is more false than this. The ancient democracies, in which the people themselves deliberated, never possessed one feature of good government. This compares to the modern government today by showing the ugly and things we were warned of in the past.

unicameral

One-house legislature

Which of the following states had the most democratic constitution in the 1780s?

Pennsylvania

coverture

Principle in English and American law that a married woman lost her legal identity, which became "covered" by that of her husband, who therefore controlled her person and the family's economic resources.

. Which state had the clearest separation of church and state?

Which state had the clearest separation of church and state? C. Virginia

Describe the state constitutions that were more democratic and those that were less so. What effect would these different constitutions have upon those states? Who could participate in government, whether by voting or by holding public office? Whose interests were represented, and whose were compromised?

The Pennsylvania constitution was more democratic. While the Maryland in South Carolina provided efforts to them at the power of Democratic majority. In Pennsylvania it was required that you owned property in order to vote and you had to be 21 or older. You also had to pay taxes and live in the same location for one year. The effect that it had was that some states disagreed over Democratic majority rule. Some Embraced democratic practices what are those adopted for more aristocratic and Republican practices . White male citizens of Pennsylvania had representation while women and African-Americans did not.

Explain the argument that led to the three-fifths rule and the consequences of that rule

The Three-Fifths Compromise was a compromise reached between the northern and southern states of the U.S. in 1787. The compromise was reached during a debate over whether or not slaves should be counted when a state was determining its total number of residents for legislative and tax purposes.

In what ways does the United States Constitution manifest the principles of both republican and democratic forms of government? In what ways does it deviate from those principles

The constitution manifest itself by the different states that had disagreed on whether to have a republican government or a democratic government. Deviates from those principles by withholding certain groups such as African-Americans and women to hold office and vote.

How did the process of creating and ratifying the Constitution, and the language of the Constitution itself, confirm the positions of African Americans, women, and Indians in the new republic? How did these roles compare to the stated goals of the republic?

The process of creating the constitution confirmed that Africans had no freedoms women who married could not do business and Indians stayed on the land borders created by the New Government These goals compared. to the government only gave freedom to white wealthy citizens.

democracy

a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.

How was the U.S. Constitution ratified?

by each state at special ratifying conventions

manumission

the freeing of individual enslaved persons

conservative Whigs

the politically and economically elite revolutionary class that wanted to limit political participation to a few powerful families

majority rule

the principle that the greater number should exercise greater power.

checks and balances

the system that ensures a balance of power among the branches of government