Chapter 7, Section 1: Ion Formation

How do positive ions and negative ions form?

A positive ion forms when an atom loses one or more valence electron. To form a negative ion it must gain the electrons lost by the cation.

Explain why noble gases are not likely to form chemical bonds?

Noble gases have a stable octet and are not likely to form a chemical bond. They have a low electron affinity.

electron-dot structure

consists of element's symbol, representing the atomic nucleus surrounded by dots, representing the valence electrons

ionization energy

energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom: increases from left to right, decreases moving up and down

chemical bond

force that holds two atoms together

anion

negatively charged ion

cation

positively charged ion

pseudo-noble gas

relatively stable electron arrangements: elements in 11-14 lose electrons to form an outer energy level to fill all sub levels