chapter 7 test (latta)

mangrove swamp

Dense growths of mangrove trees in swampy areas

how do humans effect wetlands?

Draining a wetland to create farmland Draining a wetland to build a housing development Using a wetland as a landfill

The florida Everglades...

Is the largest freshwater marsh in the U.S. Protects threatened and endangered wildlife. Provides habitat for migratory birds.

How does the phrase "best of both worlds" relate to an estuary?

It contains fresh and salt water. They also both provide nutrients

List 3 functions of wetlands.

Trap and filter pollutants Absorbs potential floodwaters Protect shorelines from erosion

Tiny animals, called coral polyps, that secrete limestone create...

coral reefs

Bacteria can kill organisms in eutrophic lakes by

feeding on decaying plants and animals and reducing oxygen dissolved in the water.

nekton

free-swimming. fish, sharks, jellyfish, etc..

estuary

fresh water and salt water mix together

where do mangrove trees grow?

in tropical and subtropical areas.

eutrophication

increase in the amount of nutrients

coral reef

limestone ridges built by tiny coral animals called coral polyps and the algae that live inside them.

What type of vegetation dominates mangrove swamps?

mangrove trees

why are wetlands important to fisheries?

many of the fish caught use wetlands for feeding and spawning

Animals that live in estuaries...

must be adapted to different levels of salinity

littoral zones

near the shore, has lots of life.

wetland

periodically under water

Arctic ecosystems are considered marine ecosystems because...

phytoplankton form the basis of arctic food webs.

plankton

plankton are microscopic (like spongebob). animallike plankton is called zooplankton, and plantlike is called phytoplankton. they are drifters.

barrier island

run parallel to sandy shores. These islands help to protect the mainland and the coastal wetlands from storms and ocean waves and often provide habitat for wildlife

salt marsh

where rivers deposit their load of mineral-rich mud

benthic zones

at the bottom, holds decomposers

benthos

bottom dwellers and decomposers