Chapter 7

put the stagest of binary fission in the correct order

1. cell wall, membrane, and overall volume are enlarged; chromosomes are duplicated. 2. septum begins to form and chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell; components are randomly divided. 3. septum is completely formed and the cell membrane begins to patch itself. 4. daughter cells are divided.

Put the phases of a normal population growth curve in order.

1. lag phase 2. log phase 3. stationary phase 4. death phase

Which of the following man categories of transport involves the movement of molecules against the concentration gradient?

active

_____ transport requires ATP, whereas _____ transport does not require cell energy expenditure.

active passive

an _____ is a microorganism that can use oxygen in metabolism and process toxic products.

aerobe

what word is used to describe organisms which can use oxygen in their cellular respiration?

aerobic

active transport works _____ the diffusion gradient, requires the expenditure of _____, and utilizes specific membrane _____.

against ATP proteins

Which of the following are organic nutrients?

carbohydrates proteins nucleic acids methane

the diffusion of materials into a cell is largely controlled by which structure?

cell membrane

Which of the following are explanations for the limited growth during the lag phase?

cells have not yet reached their maximum division rate numbers are often too low for accurate counting a period of a adjustment is required

_____ _____ unit is a term used to describe a single bacterium that gave rise to an entire colony.

colony forming

what common term describes the single bacterium that gives rise to an entire colony?

colony forming unit

after a bacterial culture acclimates to a medium, the bacteria will divide in what type of pattern?

exponential

the cell _____ controls diffusion of most substances into and out of the cell.

membrane

the cell _____ is specialized to transport substances into and out of the cell.

membrane

a symbiotic relationship where one organisms benefits at the expense of another termed _____.

parasitism

a critical number of members required in a group, such as minimum number of cells in a population, is referred to as a(n) _____.

quorum

a(n) _____is a critical number of cells required to release inducer molecules in order to form a biofilm.

quorum

Which of the following describe the features of active transport?

requires ATP expenditure involves membrane proteins movement is usually against the diffusion gradient

microbes normally exist in which of the following locations in or on the human body?

skin genitourinary tract mucous membranes large intestine

carrier proteins exhibit _____, which means they can only transport certain molecules.

specificity

autotrophs can generate energy from which of the following?

sun light simple, non-living chemical reactions

which of the following are the two most prevalent chemical components of a cell?

water protein