Chapter 7 Work, Life, and Value: Economic Anthropology

What mode of subsistence is associated with the care and use of domesticated herd animals?

pastoralism

What term refers to people sharing things with no regard to value or compensation?

generalized reciprocity

What is the name for the use of irrigation systems, a plough, and continuous cultivation of the same plots?

intensive agriculture

What term describes how people interact with their environments in order to make a living?

mode of subsistence

What term refers to a form of herding in which people live in small seasonal camps as they move with their animals?

nomadism

Which farming method would generate the greatest yield and support the largest population?

intensive agriculture

What is the name for using several plots of land in various stages of fallow and cultivation?

shifting cultivation

Which of the following BEST describes the universalist approach to understanding economic processes?

assumes that economic processes work the same way all over the world

The first method of farming developed by humans is known as what?

extensive horticulture

What mode of subsistence have humans practiced for most of their evolutionary history?

gathering-hunting

What do anthropologists believe was the first step in the development of agriculture?

gatherer-hunters growing plants in areas that were more convenient for them

Which of the following is NOT associated with globalization?

the rise of the Industrial Age and the growth of local factories

As cities and states emerged, there was an increase in demand for higher yields to support growing populations. What did this force farmers to do?

work as peasants on small plots of land owned by the state

What term refers to the process of raising animals to obtain animal by-products?

animal domestication

What term refers to small seminomadic groups who are gatherer-hunters?

bands