Chapter 8

Of the atoms below, __________ is the least electronegative

Cs

The only noble gas without eight valence electrons is

He

Based on the octet rule, phosphorus most likely forms a __________ ion.

P^3-

Of the atoms below, __________ is the most electronegative

Br

Which of the following would have to lose two electrons in order to achieve a noble gas electron configuration

Sr

As the number of covalent bonds between two atoms increases, the distance between the atoms __________ and the strength of the bond between them _

decreases, increases

For a given arrangement of ions, the lattice energy increases as ionic radius __________ and as ionic charge __________.

decreases, increases

The ability of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons is best quantified by the

electronegativity

Electronegativity __________ from left to right within a period and __________ from top to bottom within a group.

increases, decreases

Elements from opposite sides of the periodic table tend to form

ionic compounds

The type of compound that is most likely to contain a covalent bond is

one that is composed of only nonmetals

To convert from one resonance structure to another,

only electrons can be moved

Resonance structures differ by

placement of electrons only

A __________ covalent bond between the same two atoms is the longest.

single

For resonance forms of a molecule or ion,

the observed structure is an average of the resonance forms

A double bond consists of __________ pairs of electrons shared between two atoms

2

What is the maximum number of double bonds that a carbon atom can form?

2

There are __________ paired and __________ unpaired electrons in the Lewis symbol for a phosphorus atom.

2,3

The ion ICI4- has __________ valence electrons

36

The principal quantum number of the electrons that are lost when tungsten forms a cation is

6

The halogens, alkali metals, and alkaline earth metals have __________ valence electrons, respectively

7, 1,and 2

Based on the octet rule, magnesium most likely forms a __________ ion

.Mg2+

Of the possible bonds between carbon atoms (single, double, and triple)

.a double bond is longer than a triple bond

Lattice energy is

.the energy required to convert a mole of ionic solid into its constituent ions in the gas phase

How many unpaired electrons are there in the Lewis structures of a N^3- ion?

0

What is the maximum number of double bonds that a hydrogen atom can form?

0

The Lewis structure of PF3 shows that the central phosphorus atom has __________ nonbonding and __________ bonding electron pairs

1,3

The Lewis structure of HCN (H bonded to C) shows that __________ has __________ nonbonding electron pairs

N, 1

Given the electronegativities below, which covalent single bond is most polar?

O-H