chapter 8

1) ________ refers to policies, procedures, and technical measures used to prevent unauthorized access, alteration, theft, or physical damage to information systems. A) "Security" B) "Controls" C) "Benchmarking" D) "Algorithms" E) "Identity management"

A

10) A Trojan horse A) is software that appears to be benign but does something other than expected. B) is a virus that replicates quickly. C) is malware named for a breed of fast-moving Near-Eastern horses. D) installs spyware on user's computers. E) is a type of sniffer used to infiltrate corporate networks.

A

16) Using numerous computers to inundate and overwhelm the network from numerous launch points is called a(n) ________ attack. A) DDoS B) DoS C) SQL injection D) phishing E) botnet

A

72) In controlling network traffic to minimize slow-downs, a technology called ________ is used to examine data files and sort low-priority data from high-priority data. A) high availability computing B) deep-packet inspection C) application proxy filtering D) stateful inspection E) unified threat management

B

3) Large amounts of data stored in electronic form are ________ than the same data in manual form. A) less vulnerable to damage B) more secure C) vulnerable to many more kinds of threats D) more critical to most businesses E) prone to more errors

C

9) Which of the following statements about the Internet security is not true? A) The use of P2P networks can expose a corporate computer to outsiders. B) A corporate network without access to the Internet is more secure than one that provides access. C) VoIP is more secure than the switched voice network. D) Instant messaging can provide hackers access to an otherwise secure network. E) Smartphones have the same security weaknesses as other Internet devices.

C

79) Packet filtering catches most types of network attacks.

FALSE

37) Sniffers enable hackers to steal proprietary information from anywhere on a network, including e-mail messages, company files, and confidential reports.

TRUE

39) Zero defects cannot be achieved in larger software programs because fully testing programs that contain thousands of choices and millions of paths would require thousands of years.

TRUE

40) As discussed in the chapter opening case, magnetic stripes are an old technology that is vulnerable to counterfeit and theft

TRUE

77) The dispersed nature of cloud computing makes it difficult to track unauthorized access.

TRUE

57) Statements ranking information risks and identifying security goals are included in a(n) A) security policy. B) AUP. C) risk assessment. D) business impact analysis. E) business continuity plan.

A

69) A digital certificate system A) uses third-party CAs to validate a user's identity. B) uses digital signatures to validate a user's identity. C) uses tokens to validate a user's identity. D) is used primarily by individuals for personal correspondence. E) protects a user's identity by substituting a certificate in place of identifiable traits

A

14) ________ is malware that logs and transmits everything a user types. A) Spyware B) A Trojan horse C) A keylogger D) A worm E) A sniffer

C

29) A foreign country attempting to access government networks in order to disable a national power grid would be an example of A) phishing. B) denial-of- service attacks. C) cyberwarfare. D) cyberterrorism. E) evil twins.

C

74) Smaller firms may outsource some or many security functions to A) ISPs. B) MISs. C) MSSPs. D) CAs. E) PKIs.

C

18) Which of the following is not an example of a computer used as an instrument of crime? A) theft of trade secrets B) intentionally attempting to intercept electronic communication C) unauthorized copying of software D) breaching the confidentiality of protected computerized data E) schemes to defraud

D

19) Social networking sites have become a new conduit for malware because A) they are used by so many people. B) they allow users to post media and image files. C) they are especially vulnerable to social engineering. D) they allow users to post software code. E) they have poor user authentication

D

48) The most common type of electronic evidence is A) voice-mail. B) spreadsheets. C) instant messages. D) e-mail. E) VOIP data.

D

5) The communications lines in a client/server environment are specifically vulnerable to A) vandalism. B) malware. C) software failure. D) tapping. E) errors.

D

60) Which of the following specifications replaces WEP with a stronger security standard that features changing encryption keys? A) TLS B) AUP C) VPN D) WPA2 E) UTM

D

67) Most antivirus software is effective against A) only those viruses active on the Internet and through e-mail. B) any virus. C) any virus except those in wireless communications applications. D) only those viruses already known when the software is written. E) only viruses that are well-known and typically several years old.

D

11) A salesperson clicks repeatedly on the online ads of a competitor's in order to drive the competitor's advertising costs up. This is an example of A) phishing. B) pharming. C) spoofing. D) evil twins. E) click fraud.

E

28) ________ identify the access points in a Wi-Fi network. A) NICs B) Mac addresses C) URLs D) UTMs E) SSIDs

E

30) Smartphones have the same security flaws as other Internet-connected devices.

TRUE

26) A practice in which eavesdroppers drive by buildings or park outside and try to intercept wireless network traffic is referred to as A) war driving. B) sniffing. C) cybervandalism. D) drive-by tapping. E) snooping.

A

7) In a client/server environment, corporate servers are specifically vulnerable to A) unauthorized access. B) sniffing. C) malware. D) radiation. E) tapping.

C

33) The term cracker is used to identify a hacker whose specialty is breaking open security systems.

FALSE

27) ________ is a crime in which an imposter obtains key pieces of personal information to impersonate someone else. A) Identity theft B) Spoofing C) Social engineering D) Evil twins E) Pharming

A

70) All of the following are types of information systems general controls except A) application controls. B) computer operations controls. C) physical hardware controls. D) software controls. E) administrative controls

A

8) The Internet poses specific security problems because A) it was designed to be easily accessible. B) Internet data is not run over secure lines. C) Internet standards are universal. D) it changes so rapidly. E) there is no formal controlling body.

A

13) ________ is malware that hijacks a user's computer and demands payment in return for giving back access. A) A Trojan horse B) Ransomware C) Spyware D) A virus E) An evil twin

B

55) ________ controls ensure that valuable business data files on either disk or tape are not subject to unauthorized access, change, or destruction while they are in use or in storage. A) Software B) Administrative C) Data security D) Implementation E) Input

C

56) Analysis of an information system that rates the likelihood of a security incident occurring and its cost is included in a(n) A) security policy. B) AUP. C) risk assessment. D) business impact analysis. E) business continuity plan.

C

63) Biometric authentication A) is inexpensive. B) is used widely in Europe for security applications. C) can use a person's voice as a unique, measurable trait. D) only uses physical measurements for identification. E) only uses biographical details for identification.

C

71) For 100-percent availability, online transaction processing requires A) high-capacity storage. B) a multi-tier server network. C) fault-tolerant computer systems. D) dedicated phone lines. E) a digital certificate system.

C

73) An authentication system in which a user must provide two types of identification, such as a bank card and PIN, is called A) smart card authentication. B) biometric authentication. C) two-factor authentication. D) symmetric key authorization. E) token authentication.

C

resources? 62) An authentication token is a(n) A) device the size of a credit card that contains access permission data. B) type of smart card. C) gadget that displays passcodes. D) electronic marker attached to a digital authorization file.

C

12) Which of the following is a virus that uses flaws in Windows software to take over a computer remotely? A) Sasser B) Zeus Trojan C) Melissa D) ILOVEYOU E) Conficker

E

34) Wireless networks are more difficult for hackers to gain access too because radio frequency bands are difficult to scan.

FALSE

35) A computer virus replicates more quickly than a computer worm.

FALSE

76) Organizations can use existing network security software to secure mobile devices.

FALSE

31) In 2013, Panda Security reported approximately 30 million new kinds of malware strains.

TRUE

32) Viruses can be spread through e-mail.

TRUE

36) One form of spoofing involves forging the return address on an e-mail so that the e-mail message appears to come from someone other than the sender.

TRUE

22) Pharming involves A) redirecting users to a fraudulent Web site even when the user has typed in the correct address in the Web browser. B) pretending to be a legitimate business's representative in order to garner information about a security system. C) setting up fake Web sites to ask users for confidential information. D) using e-mails for threats or harassment. E) setting up fake Wi-Fi access points that look as if they are legitimate public networks.

A

46) The Gramm-Leach- Bliley Act A) requires financial institutions to ensure the security of customer data. B) specifies best practices in information systems security and control. C) imposes responsibility on companies and management to safeguard the accuracy of financial information. D) outlines medical security and privacy rules. E) identifies computer abuse as a crime and defines abusive activities.

A

54) Application controls A) can be classified as input controls, processing controls, and output controls. B) govern the design, security, and use of computer programs and the security of data files in general throughout the organization. C) apply to all computerized applications and consist of a combination of hardware, software, and manual procedures that create an overall control environment. D) include software controls, computer operations controls, and implementation controls. E) monitor the use of system software and prevent unauthorized access to software and programs.

A

64) A firewall allows the organization to A) enforce a security policy on data exchanged between its network and the Internet. B) check the accuracy of all transactions between its network and the Internet. C) create an enterprise system on the Internet. D) check the content of all incoming and outgoing e-mail messages. E) create access rules for a network.

A

20) The intentional defacement or destruction of a Web site is called A) spoofing. B) cybervandalism. C) cyberwarfare. D) phishing. E) pharming.

B

23) You have been hired as a security consultant for a law firm. Which of the following constitutes the greatest source for network security breaches to the firm? A) wireless network B) employees C) authentication procedures D) lack of data encryption E) software quality

B

24) Tricking employees to reveal their passwords by pretending to be a legitimate member of a company is called A) sniffing. B) social engineering. C) phishing. D) pharming. E) snooping

B

25) How do software vendors correct flaws in their software after it has been distributed? A) They issue bug fixes. B) They issue patches. C) They re-release the software. D) They release updated versions of the software. E) They don't; users purchase software at their own risk.

B

49) Which of the following is a type of ambient data? A) computer log containing recent system errors B) a file deleted from a hard disk C) a file that contains an application's user settings D) a set of raw data from an environmental sensor E) data that has been recorded over

B

61) Rigorous password systems A) are one of the most effective security tools. B) may hinder employee productivity. C) are costly to implement. D) are often disregarded by employees

B

65) ________ use scanning software to look for known problems such as bad passwords, the removal of important files, security attacks in progress, and system administration errors. A) Stateful inspections B) Intrusion detection systems C) Application proxy filtering technologies D) Packet filtering technologies E) Firewalls

B

68) In which method of encryption is a single encryption key sent to the receiver so both sender and receiver share the same key? A) SSL/TLS B) symmetric key encryption C) public key encryption D) private key encryption E) distributed encryption

B

15) Hackers create a botnet by A) infecting Web search bots with malware. B) using Web search bots to infect other computers. C) causing other people's computers to become "zombie" PCs following a master computer. D) infecting corporate servers with "zombie" Trojan horses that allow undetected access through a back door. E) pharming multiple computers.

C

17) Which of the following is not an example of a computer used as a target of crime? A) knowingly accessing a protected computer to commit fraud B) sccessing a computer system without authority C) illegally accessing stored electronic communication D) threatening to cause damage to a protected computer E) breaching the confidentiality of protected computerized data

C

4) Electronic data are more susceptible to destruction, fraud, error, and misuse because information systems concentrate data in computer files that A) are easily decrypted. B) can be opened with easily available software. C) may be accessible by anyone who has access to the same network. D) are unprotected by up-to- date security systems. E) are rarely validated.

C

47) The Sarbanes-Oxley Act A) requires financial institutions to ensure the security of customer data. B) specifies best practices in information systems security and control. C) imposes responsibility on companies and management to safeguard the accuracy of financial information. D) outlines medical security and privacy rules. E) identifies computer abuse as a crime and defines abusive activities.

C

50) Computer forensics tasks include all of the following except A) presenting collected evidence in a court of law. B) securely storing recovered electronic data. C) collecting physical evidence on the computer. D) finding significant information in a large volume of electronic data.

C

53) Your company, an online discount stationers, has calculated that a loss of Internet connectivity for 3 hours results in a potential loss of $2,000 to $3,000 and that there is a 50% chance of this occurring each year. What is the annual expected loss from this exposure? A) $500 B) $1,000 C) $1,250 D) $1,500 E) $2,500

C

45) The HIPAA Act of 1996 A) requires financial institutions to ensure the security of customer data. B) specifies best practices in information systems security and control. C) imposes responsibility on companies and management to safeguard the accuracy of financial information. D) outlines medical security and privacy rules. E) identifies computer abuse as a crime and defines abusive activities.

D

2) ________ refers to all of the methods, policies, and organizational procedures that ensure the safety of the organization's assets, the accuracy and reliability of its accounting records, and operational adherence to management standards. A) "Legacy systems" B) "SSID standards" C) "Vulnerabilities" D) "Security policy" E) "Controls"

E

21) Evil twins are A) Trojan horses that appears to the user to be a legitimate commercial software application. B) e-mail messages that mimic the e-mail messages of a legitimate business. C) fraudulent Web sites that mimic a legitimate business's Web site. D) computers that fraudulently access a Web site or network using the IP address and identification of an authorized computer. E) bogus wireless network access points that look legitimate to users.

E

6) Client software in a client/server environment is specifically vulnerable to A) DoS attacks. B) vandalism. C) fraud. D) radiation. E) unauthorized access.

E

66) Currently, the protocols used for secure information transfer over the Internet are A) TCP/IP and SSL. B) S-HTTP and CA. C) HTTP and TCP/IP. D) S-HTTP and SHTML. E) SSL, TLS, and S-HTTP.

E

75) Comprehensive security management products, with tools for firewalls, VPNs, intrusion detection systems, and more, are called ________ systems. A) DPI B) MSSP C) NSP D) PKI E) UTM

E

38) DoS attacks are used to destroy information and access restricted areas of a companys information system.

FALSE

41) Malicious software programs referred to as spyware include a variety of threats such as computer viruses, worms, and Trojan horses.

FALSE

58) An acceptable use policy defines the acceptable level of access to information assets for different users.

FALSE

78) Biometric authentication is the use of personal, biographic details such as the high school you attended and the first street you lived on to provide identification.

FALSE

83) Smartphones typically feature state-of- the-art encryption and security features, making them highly secure tools for businesses.

FALSE

80) NAT conceals the IP addresses of the organization's internal host computers to deter sniffer programs.

TRUE

81) SSL is a protocol used to establish a secure connection between two computers.

TRUE

82) Public key encryption uses two keys.

TRUE

84) Authentication refers to verifying that a person is who he or she claims to be.

TRUE

85) You can test software before it is even written by conducting a walkthrough.

TRUE

86) When errors are discovered in software programs, the sources of the errors are found and eliminated through a process called debugging.

TRUE