Chapter 8: Heart and Blood Vessels (Hicks - Biology 109)

All of the following are part of the cardiac conduction system, EXCEPT: A)the Purkinje fibers B) the atrioventricular bundle C) the sinoatrial node D) the chordae tendineae

D) the chordae tendineae

Skeletal muscle pumps aid blood flow

Vein

This blood vessel transports blood from the capillaries TO the heart.

Vein

Atrioventricular (AV) valves prevent blood from flowing backward into the: A) aorta B) ventricles C) pulmonary veins D) atria

D) atria

Which layer of the heart is in contact with the blood? A) myocardium B) epicardium C) pericardium D) endocardium E) epithelial

D) endocardium

Which of the following is a true statement regarding strokes? A) Immediate medical care is crucial to recovery. B) The symptoms of a stroke develop slowly, sometimes over years. C) Most of them are caused by a drop in blood pressure. D) Once symptoms develop, no recovery is possible.

A) Immediate medical care is crucial to recovery.

A pacemaker is used to correct __________. A) cardiac arrhythmias B) coronary artery disease C) hypertension D) heart murmurs

A) cardiac arrhythmias

The "lub" of the lub-DUB sounds heard through a stethoscope when listening to the heart is produced by the: A) closing of the two atrioventricular valves B) inferior vena cava and superior vena cava emptying into the right atrium C) pulmonary arteries emptying into the left atrium D) contraction of the atria E) closing of the aortic valve and pulmonary valve

A) closing of the two atrioventricular valves

Which vein(s) carry oxygenated blood? A) right and left pulmonary veins B) aorta C) superior vena cava and inferior vena cava D) superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and right and left pulmonary veins

A) right and left pulmonary veins

__________ carry blood away from the heart and __________ carry blood toward the heart.

Arteries; Veins

Medium and large-size vessels maintain a partial state of muscle contraction, resulting in high intravessel pressure.

Artery

This blood vessel transports blood from the heart to capillaries.

Artery

The inner walls are lined with endothelium to create a smooth, low-friction surface

Artery, vein

The heart muscle itself receives oxygen and nutrients from blood transported by the ________ arteries.

coronary

Vasodilation of arterioles __________ their diameter, __________ blood flow to the capillaries.

Increases; Increasing

Which blood vessel is best suited for exchange of gases and nutrients with the surrounding tissue? A) Arteriole B) Capillary C) Artery D) Vein

B) Capillary

An electrocardiogram is used to: A) measure the amount of blood leaving the heart with each contraction B) measure the electrical activity of the heart C) listen to heart sounds D) initiate angina pectoris E) correct a heart murmur

B) measure the electrical activity of the heart

The left ventricle has a more muscular wall than the other three chambers of the heart because the left ventricle: A) receives blood directly from major arteries B) must generate enough blood pressure to pump blood into the aorta and throughout the body C) pumps blood into the atria D) pumps blood more rapidly than the other chambers E) must decrease the amount of pressure on the blood so it can flow more smoothly

B) must generate enough blood pressure to pump blood into the aorta and throughout the body

A heart attack occurs as a result of __________. A) disruption of the cardiac conduction system B) narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries C) improper closure of semilunar valves D) prolonged hypotension

B) narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries

After blood flows through the right atrium of the heart, its next major destination is the A) aorta B) right ventricle C) left atrium D) left ventricle E) lungs

B) right ventricle

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the lymphatic system? A) Lymphatic capillaries absorb lipid droplets from plasma. B) Lymphatic capillaries produce interstitial fluid. C) The lymphatic system removes microorganisms from body fluid. D) Lymph is excreted from the body. E) Lymph flows from lymph capillaries to larger lymphatic vessels to the heart and lungs.

C) The lymphatic system removes microorganisms from body fluid.

The protective sac that encases the heart and anchors it to surrounding structures is the: A) endothelium B) endocardium C) pericardium D) myocardium

C) pericardium

These structures serve as gates that regulate blood flow from arterioles into capillaries. A) capillary beds B) vasoconstrictors C) precapillary sphincters D) capillary pores E) interstitial gates

C) precapillary sphincters

This blood vessel permits exchange of nutrients and gases between blood and tissues.

Capillary

The movement of blood through the pulmonary circuit transports: A) oxygenated blood from the lungs directly to the body B) deoxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to the right side of the heart C) deoxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart D) oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

D) oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

Fluid in the lymphatic system, as well as interstitial fluid, is: A) Pumped from the left ventricle into lymphatic vessels and then back into the right atrium B) The liquid portion of fluid escaping from the digestive system C) Produced by the endothelium to lubricate the interior of vascular tissue D) Composed mostly of formed elements from blood E) Derived from blood plasma

E) Derived from blood plasma

Blood pressure is highest in: A) veins B) arterioles C) capillaries D) venules E) arteries

E) arteries

When blood leaves the heart, it first enters: A) veins B) arterioles C) capillaries D) venules E) arteries

E) arteries

The sinoatrial node: A) is located in the left atrium. B) is also known as the atrioventricular node. C) receives signals from the atrioventricular node. D) sends out a signal for contraction once every two minutes. E) regulates the rate of heart contraction.

E) regulates the rate of heart contraction

In which one of the following blood vessels is blood under the lowest pressure? A) capillary B) artery C) venule D) arteriole E) vein

E) vein

(True/False) All veins carry oxygenated blood

False

Spontaneous contractions of the heart muscle begin in the ________.

sinoatrial node