chapter 8: Political Parties, Candidates l, and Campaigns : Defining the Voters
Which party formed during the 1830s was competitive against the Jacksonian Democratic Party?
Whig Party
which of the following best describes the voting electorate after the expansion of voting rights during the era of Jacksonian democracy
all white males
The most electorally successful factional party in US history was the
bull moose party
although party organizations still manage many task related to elections, the lead role in elections now lies with the
candidate
T/F: The Internet has taken over television as the principal medium of election events
false
Since the 1980s, which group has voted most strongly for the Republican Party?
fundamentalist Christians
which type of third-party is highly organized in a framework concerning the nature and role of government in society
ideological oriented parties
political parties begin to emerge in the US
in spite of many of the founding fathers miss trust of them
The largest expenditure in presidential campaigns is for which of the following
media
on a variety of issues white woman hold opinions that are on average ______ then those of white men
more liberal
local party organizations operate
only during campaign periods
what primary is one in which any registered voter, regardless of party affiliation may vote
open
until the early 20th century the major parties nominees for presidents were selected via which method
picked by the party organizations
organizations that nominate and seek to elect candidates to government office are known as
political parties
The strongest ideological party in the US history was the
populist party
in Britain 2017 election, the liberal Democrats received 7% of the national vote and there by roughly 7% of the seats in parliament. This is an example of a
proportional representation
which type of third-party arises from belief that partisan politics is a corrupting influence that needs to be changed
reform parties
which are the major political parties in the US
republican party and democratic party
voting for a candidates pass performance rather than the future promises is an example of what is called
retrospective voting
the republican party has advocated for a
smaller government that performs fewer social welfare functions
which of the following voting block was largely notable forward to migration to the Republican Party during the 1980s
southern whites
America's plurality, or winner-take-all, system of electing candidates works to the disadvantage of
third parties
current election laws in the US favor
two-party system
State parties are involved with which of the following activities
voter registration and election of US senators
when does a national party committee defer to the president to choose a national chair
when the party controls the White House
what is another name for the plurality system
winner take all system
which of the following are true of Hispanic voters in the US
- hispanics tend to be liberal on economic issues and conservative on social issues - they lean heavily toward the Democratic Party except for Cuban Americans
what percent of voters today cast a split ticket
20%
over what percent of presidential campaign spending is for media
59%
what percent of party activist work within local political party organizations
95%
political parties and their ability to control politics in the US have been weakened by
Canadite centered campaigns
T/F: since 1968 the Republican Party has been weaker at the national level than it was in the decade after the great depression
FALSE
third parties that break off from one of the two dominant parties are known as
Factional parties
The party realignment that began in the 1960s was completed during what presidency
Reagan's
which party benefited from the 1896 realignment, which was triggered by an economic depression following a banking crisis under President Grover Cleveland
Republican Party
During the 1930s the Democratic Party became the party of federal power rather than the ________ ________ party.
States rights
The end parties chances of staying in power has historically depended primarily on
The condition of the economy
Who oversees the day-to-day operations of the political parties national organization
The national chair
which of the following statements about negative ads and negative campaigning are true
- negative campaigning in presidential elections was used as long ago as when Thomas Jefferson ran for office - Abraham Lincoln was the target of insulting comments about his appearance during election campaigns
what usually happens after a third-party is relatively successful in attracting votes during a US national election
One or both major parties will try to co-opt the issue or issues that made the third party successful.
which of the following are true of grassroots parties
They operate at the local level and are open to all citizens.
The main opposition to the democratic party in the 1830s and 1840s was the ____ party.,which eventually died out
Whig
which of the following characteristics of political campaigns have undergone change?
amount of money required, length of the campaign and focus of the campaign
what group was most concerned about what Scammon and wattenberg called the social issue
conservative Christians
as compared to on television, who have greater control over the message on the Internet
individual users
a state that permit all registered voters, regardless of party affiliation, to vote in a primary election has what type of primary system
open
in politics, What do you linkage institutions do
serve to connect citizens with government
on a ____, citizens vote for candidates from different parties
split ticket
T/F: The median voter theory helps to explain why a party may lose an election when it veers too far from the middle of the ideological spectrum
true
in general, political parties are made up of a ______ constituency of supporters
broad
The highlighting of candidate attribute is called
packaging
which statements about the current state of politics in the US are true
- Congress currently has far fewer moderate members than it did historically - most states and congressional districts are lopsided leave Democrat or Republican - voters who show up to primaries are disproportionately the most committed voters
which of the following statements describes how US campaigns are both party centered and candidate centered?
- The same parties are representing nationwide and candidates organize their own campaigns
which of the following are true about political contributions called hard money
- hard money is subject to legal limits, is money political parties give to candidates, can we spend as the recipient uses in his money given directly to a candidate
which two political parties were competitive during the first party system?
Democratic-Republicans and Federalists
in a proportional representation system which of the following is true
Political parties win a number of seats in the legislature in rough proportion to the percentage of the vote each party receives
all party organizations have a responsibility to
build support among voters
because of the increase in cost of political campaigns
candidates must constantly work to raise funds
today's political campaigns rely on which of the following to be successful
posters, media producers and campaign strategist
voting for candidates promises rather than his or her past actions is an example of what is called
prospective voting
A permanent shift in party allegiances or electoral support is known as a party
realignment
which of the following statements about televised debate in presidential campaigns are true
they are usually a part of presidential campaigns
T/F: The false Manian theory helps to explain why a party may lose an election when it veers too far from the middle of the ideological spectrum
true
Even if a third party candidate fails to win an election, the candidate has still done which of the following to help the third party succeed?
-Drawn attention to an issue previously ignored by the two major candidates. -Encouraged the major parties to address issues introduced by the third party.
which of the following states have closed/partially closed primaries
Florida, North Carolina, and Nevada
what political system is made up of at least three political parties
Multi party
which of the following led to the start of the political party realignment in the 1930s at work to the benefit of the democratic party
The great depression
Which is a reason that some scholars think we have moved into a new party alignment?
The republican party has become stronger in the south and the Democratic Party has become stronger in the Northeast
what is the term Darrell Wes uses to describe candidates used of television ads
air wars
To date, the Internet has proven itself to be better than television as a median for which of the following political actions
fundraising and mobilizing supporters
although state parties do not work full-time, they are _____ likely to have full-time employees than local parties
more
Today, political candidates tend to
set up and run their own campaign organizations
T/F: rather than being the result of an abrupt shift in response to a single disruptive issue, realignment are caused by gradual changes in response to several issues
true
which of the following are distinct disadvantages of the rise of candidates and campaigns?
-they provide opportunities for powerful interest groups to donate money to candidates -they make it easier for officeholders to deny responsibility for government actions
which of the following are roles that national political parties have?
-to raise money for Congressional campaigns -to seek media coverage of party positions activities -to raise money for presidential campaigns