Chapter 8 q&a 1

35. Sketches should include the statement _________, unless you are prepared to testify that every item is precisely drawn to scale on the sketch.

"Not to scale"

53. Hold a flashlight at an angle, and look for obvious signs - ___________

A Latent print

69. An _______ is essential to verifying that the witness actually lives at the location where you made the contact and is not just a guest. Without the ______ and the occupants phone number, you will lose time locating the witness again.

Address

40. For ex wet evidence such as items soaked with body fluids or living plant material, must either be ________, _________, or __________.

Air dried,packaged in breathable containers such as paper bags, or both

9. You have the authority to arrest any individual who, after receiving a warning, crosses ____________.

An area marked by crime scene tape

8. Instruct people to move behind the crime scene tape, advising them that refusal may result in ___.

Arrest

61. As the investigation continues:

Assemble newly discovered info in the case file, determine its relative value, and immediately document its existence by submitting and attaching supplemental reports.

47. __________ left at crime scenes may contain DNA. Consider all objects at a crime scene as possible sources of DNA evidence. These specimens could be blood, saliva, urine, semen, perspiration, vaginal secretions, feces, or vomit.

Biological evidence

32. The most common method of sketching is using the __________ view of downward observation perspective.

Birds eye

44. Impression evidence = _________

Bite marks

45. Chemistry or toxicological evidence = ______________

Blood alcohol levels, drugs, poisons, etc

30. All objects picture must be important or relevant to the scene. Avoid including ______, ________, _________, or ______ in crime scene photos.

Bystanders, other officers, your equipment, or pets

66. A _______ is a door-to-door inquiry of all possible sources of information in a given area. It may require additional officers depending on the size of the area.

Canvass

58. When you recover evidence of any kind, begin a ________________ for the evidence.

Chain of custody

46. Questioned documents evidence = __________-

Checks

67. Walk the perimeter of the crime scene to identify places where people may have been able to see or hear what happened; consider which houses have a ______ of the crime scene and are within ________.

Clear view; hearing distance

86. Typically, the _______, ______, ________, or _________ will ask you to raise your right hand and then ask "do you swear to tell...."

Clerk of the court, a court reporter, the judge, or another designated court personnel

18. At the scene of an incident, you must identify all parties involved, including:

Complainants, victims, suspects, and witnesses.

77. _________ is a computerized logging system in which dispatch records every event reported and every instruction given chronologically by date and time.

Computer aided dispatch (CAD)

64. From a ________, conduct the spot checks or set up a fixed location and maintain it.

Concealed position

79. There is a difference between a field contact and a ______. _______ are people who furnish police with info about crimes, primarily because of the expectations of some personal benefit or advantage, and rarely out of a sense of civic duty. Both provide info; however, only ______ receive a compensation for info.

Confidential informants

21. Another possible ____________ area is inside a patrol car.

Controlled

3. Secure potential ___________.

Crime scene

13. The primary officer or investigator will designate one point of entry and exit for the crime scene and will assign an officer to maintain a ______________ at the location. If the investigator designates more than one point of entry or exit, he/she will assign an officer to each location and notify all officers to use the access points.

Crime scene log

31. ____________ are means of documentation that aid in the reconstruction, explanation, and permanent recording of an incident. ________ can show relative positions (spatial relationships) of objects within the crime scene.

Crime scene sketches; sketches

16. The responding officer's supervisor will make the decision to request ___________ or ____________.

Crime scene; investigative assistance

6. A larger crime scene can also help keep ___________ away from the evidence.

Crowds

Do not allow them to enter the secured crime scene area.

Curious unauthorized people can damage, contaminate, or destroy evidence at a scene

17. Determine the _____________ and the role each person played in the incident.

Degree of direct or indirect involvement

49. Teeth can provide ______ evidence in the form of bite mark impressions that can lead to identity of the suspect.

Dental

82. A ______ is an official court proceeding in which the exception of the defendant, provide sworn testimonies regarding the facts of the case to one of the attorneys (defense or persecutor) prior to trial. It is the attorney's chance the assess the case further and document your verbal testimony before trial or hearing.

Deposition

20. Blocking such communication prevents them from:

Discussing the incident and coordinating their accounts of what happened

56. A ________ is anything containing a mark to convey a message.

Document

73. When comparing MO:

Does this appear to be a well-planned incident, or one committed impulsively

37. _____________ (1877-1966) - ________________, this contents that everyone who enters a crime scene will both bring something into and take something away from it.

Dr. Edmond Locard; Locard's Exchange Principle

62. A _________ at a specific location involves an officer behaving as though passing by this area is just a part of a normal driving routine.

Drive by

Checking for a __________ is one of the most common ways to locate an individual. The FL Dept. of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicle houses the Florida Driver Vehicle Information Database known as DAVID which is available to all LEO.

Driver's license

65. __________ surveillance - cell phones or credit card use.

Electronic

60. The first steps in a follow-up investigation are ______, _________, and _________. Locate and interview individuals who may have additional info.

Establishing a case file, reviewing the information gathered during the preliminary investigation, and identifying and pursing a lead

34. If you leave something out of a sketch, such as a window, a piece of furniture, or a light fixture, be prepared to:

Explain the omission at the depo or trial

78. A _______ is any person an officer has contact with while on patrol - such as a concerned citizen or an anonymous complainant with a sense of civic duty - who does not necessarily generate an incident report.

Field contact

38. A few of ex evidence you may collect at a crime scene are:

Fingerprints, shoe prints, blood fibers, hair, tool marks, pain scratches, broken glass, body fluids, controlled substances, electronics equipment and computers, firearms, broken or damaged materials, tire tracks, documents, and bones

80. According to FL law, the __________ must occur within 24 hours of arrest. At the ______, the judge appoints counsel if the defendant qualifies and desires it.

First appearance hearing

81. _______ is admissible in 1st appearance hearings that determine probable cause and bond.

Hearsay

74. Transport the victim or witness to the officer's location to _____________.

Identify the potential suspect

48. _________- - never try to fit a suspect's tool into a mark. You may need to collect the entire damaged surface and submit it to the laboratory for comparison with the suspects tool.

Imp evidence

22. View the victim's _______ and record ___________ in the field notes, keeping in mind that you will use these notes to create reports and refresh your recollection when testifying.

Injuries; detailed observations

2. An ____________ occurs when you make detailed and systematic inquiries or observations.

Investigation

59. An _________ is the process of making detailed and systematic inquiries and observations about a criminal complaint.

Investigation

4. Crime scene perimeters should be _________ rather than ___________.

Larger; smaller

_______ are among the most valuable types of physical evidence and one of the most common types of evidence that you will recover at a crime scene.

Latent prints

87. A defense counsel may be belligerent or badger you in order to cause you to become angry, which can affect:

Logic and calmness and reveal your temperature

23. Record the names of __________ who provide services to the victim, because the court may call any of them as a witness.

Medical personnel

71. _______, meaning mode of operating or MO, refers to how someone does something, usually repetitive in nature. People are creatures of habit. If something works one time, they tend to think it should work the next time.

Modus operandi

54. Use the identifying marks to conduct an _____/_______ database check on the firearm. This will tell you if the firearm is lost, stolen, or found.

NCIC/FCIC

42. Trace evidence = ___________

NOT GUN RESIDUE

83. Do not answer questions by saying the requested info is _____. ____ refers to info not recorded in an official document.

Off the record

50. _________ - are transferred from the friction ridges on fingers by a foreign substance (not a body residue), like blood, paint or dirt and are readily visible.

Patent prints

72. Exhibit a _______ for how someone does something when committing a repeated crime.

Pattern

88. Technique when responding to a defense counsel:

Pause, stay calm, remember the defense counsel's motive, and speak deliberately

29. Begin at the _________ of a crime scene and take sequential shots by framing a panoramic or four corner view of the scene.

Perimeter

39. Use _____________ when handling or collecting evidence.

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

10. Protect the crime scene until you can ____________ and _________ it. Different crime scenes may require different methods of protecting the evidence they contain.

Photograph; document

75. A _______ is a group of photos used in a photo line-up.

Photographic array

24. _________ the crime scene allows the court and the jury to obtain an accurate understanding of how it looked on the day you responded.

Photographing

26. _________ is the first event that should take place before any detailed crime scene work begins.

Photographing

25. __________ and _______ provide a visual record that may be stored indefinitely and is readily available when needed.

Photos and videos

51. A _________ is a molded or imbedded fingerprint created by touching an impressionable surface, such as wet paint or mud that you can easily see.

Plastic print

85. In some circuits, a state attorney will request a ______ meeting with the victims, witnesses, and the arresting officer.

Pretrial

12. A person occupying private property has an expectation of ______ on one can violate without a search warrant or a valid exception to the warrant requirement. There is no crime scene exception to the ____ amendment. Search warrant requirement.

Privacy; 4th

15. The crime scene log provides _________ and _______ the evidence collected at the crime scene. If evidence is contaminated or altered in any way, document the incident in the contamination list or your report. Include information about the original condition of the evidence and the events leading to its damage or destruction.

Proof of security; validates

11. _________ property is for the use and enjoyment of the public and is open to the public. ___________ property belongs to an individual and is not open to the public.

Public; private

5. It is easier to __________ the size of the perimeter than to ________ it.

Reduce; enlarge

36. A suspect does not have the right to _____________ injuries scratches from the victim or blood evidence.

Refuse photographing

7. Once the crime scene perimeter is established, do not allow any unauthorized ___________ or ____________ of any evidence. Alert officers will help protect the scene and the evidence it contains from unnecessary intrusion or handling. Always be aware of potential threats to the crime scene area.

Removal; alteration

43. Biological and touch DNA evidence = ___________

Saliva

28. When photographing specific items such as blood drops, weapons, or tire marks, place a ______ or _________ in the photo with the evidence to establish the original positions and draw attention to relevant objects or evidence for photographing and sketching.

Scale; identifier

55. You may also find cell phones at a crime scene; however, you cannot access info contained in a cell phone unless you have a __________.

Search warrant

63. _________ involves parking your vehicle some distance away in a location that allows an approach to the area on foot in a covert manner.

Stationary surveillance

84. A _____ hearing occurs after the defense files a motion to suppress or to exclude certain testimonies or evidence from the trail, alleging that your improper actions violated their client's rights. This hearing usually occurs before the trial but also may occur during trial.

Suppression

1. Evidence is anything that tends to prove or disprove an alleged fact. You will collect two types of evidence at a crime scene. ________ evidence is evidence gathered from witnesses, while ___________ evidence consists of objects or perishable evidence such as fingerprints, blood, or tire tracks.

Testimonial; physical

14. The officer posted at the access point must document these details in the crime scene log:

The name, rank and agency of each person entering or leaving the scene, the date and time of the person's entry and exit, and the reason the person was at the scene.

27. _________ evidence is evidence that can blow or wash away.

Transitory

33. __________ is the most common method of surveying (measuring and documenting) objects within the crime scene.

Triangulation

57. Should you suspect that the money is counterfeit currency, document it as such and forward it to the ____________.

United States Secret Service

19. It is extremely important to keep _______. _________, and _________ separated in a criminal investigation. Do not allow the involved parties to talk to each other.

Victims, complainants, and witnesses

68. Document the occupants identifying info and their responses to the questions. Include specific details about ________ or __________ and be sure to thank the occupants for their cooperation, no matter what info they provide. Document what witnesses were able to say about the crime; even if a person reports knowing nothing about the crime, it will be important if the person later claims to have been a witness. Be sure to document when a residence is either vacant or there is no response to your inquiry; a non-responsive house may require a follow up.

What the occupants heard or witnessed

Chain of custody

a documentation of everyone who handled the evidence as well as when, why, and what changes if any were made to it. also proves the evidence submitted in court is the same evidence you collected at the crime scene. Chain of custody

Photographic array

can be more efficient than a live line-up because the agency can reprint existing photos. Can increase the possibility that an adequate number of similar photos are available for identification.

Recognizing threats to the evidence will

determine the appropriate method of protection.

b. ____________: often used indoors; a variation of the strip/line search. Searchers overlap a series of lanes in a cross pattern, making the search more methodical or thorough.

grid search pattern

c. ____________: usually used outside by one person. The searcher begins at a certain point and walks in increasingly larger circles to the outermost boundary of the search area.

spiral search pattern

a. ____________: usually used outside by several people. Divide the search area into lanes. Have one or more people search each lane by moving in both directions, examining all areas.

strip/line search pattern

70. Concentrate on the _____ part of the investigation and establish a suspect's identify by comparing information, evidence, known offenders, possible leads, and intelligence records.

who

in the case of an outdoor crime scene degradable easily destroyed, biological, or trace evidence,

protect the evidence from weather elements such a rain, hail, lightning, or wind.