Chapter 8 quiz

Unanswered Question 11 0 / 1 pts If I am looking at a snake and processing the fear caused by the snake, what part of my brain am I using?

amygdala

Unanswered Question 78 0 / 1 pts In order for a memory to go into storage (i.e., long-term memory), it has to pass through three distinct stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and ________ memory.

long-term

Unanswered Question 15 0 / 1 pts According to Baddeley and Hitch, ________.

short-term memory itself has different forms

Unanswered Question 62 0 / 1 pts Aleah remembers that her dog is named Rocky and her cat is named Skipper, but she can't remember the name of her first grade teacher's dog and cat. This is an example of ________.

Atkinson-Shiffrin model

Unanswered Question 21 0 / 1 pts How is an explicit memory different from an implicit memory?

Explicit memories are memories we consciously try to remember and recall, while implicit memories are those that are not part of our consciousness.

Unanswered Question 13 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about eyewitness testimony is correct?

Eyewitness testimony is vulnerable to the power of suggestion.

Unanswered Question 46 0 / 1 pts How did Lashley develop the equipotentiality hypothesis?

He trained rats in the correct route through a maze, then deliberately damaged their brains and observed that this did not inhibit their progress through the maze.

Unanswered Question 71 0 / 1 pts What is the main idea of levels of processing theory?

If you want to remember a piece of information, you should think about it more deeply and link it to other information and memories to make it more meaningful.

Unanswered Question 49 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of retrograde amnesia?

Jane Doe emerges from a coma with no idea who she is, and she is unable to provide any details about herself, where she came from, or what happened to her.

Unanswered Question 74 0 / 1 pts Why do strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories and weak emotional experiences form weak memories?

Strong emotional experiences can trigger the release of neurotransmitters and hormones that strengthen memory.

Unanswered Question 66 0 / 1 pts Which of the following examples illustrates that the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm?

Jerome is required to memorize 15 words associated with dog. When he is asked to repeat the words he has learned, dog is among them, even though dog was not a word on the original list.

Unanswered Question 58 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a good example of anterograde amnesia?

John Doe is in a car accident. Every day he wakes up with no memory of what he did the day before, feeling as though no time has passed because he is unable to form new memories.

Unanswered Question 48 0 / 1 pts What did a researcher identify by timing participants on how long they took to name colors when the semantic meaning of the word differed from the color it was presented in?

Stroop effect

Unanswered Question 73 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about the amygdala is correct?

The amygdala is involved in the process of transferring new learning into long-term memory.

Unanswered Question 17 0 / 1 pts What is the main idea of the Stroop effect?

The brain's reaction time slows when it must deal with conflicting information.

Unanswered Question 55 0 / 1 pts ________ encoding is the encoding of sounds.

acoustic

Unanswered Question 6 0 / 1 pts Pan finds it difficult to learn the alphabet, until he hears the alphabet song. Then he can easily remember it. This is an example of ________ encoding.

acoustic

Unanswered Question 51 0 / 1 pts What does the equipotentiality hypothesis suggest would happen if the hippocampus was damaged?

another part of the brain would compensate for the damage by taking over the memory function normally managed by the hippocampus

Unanswered Question 63 0 / 1 pts Quincy is struck on the back of the head and finds, while she can remember her life up to the time she was struck on the head, she can no longer make new memories. Quincy has ________ amnesia.

anterograde

Unanswered Question 65 0 / 1 pts Sharmila cannot remember what she had for breakfast last week, but she can remember the day she got married ten years ago as clearly as if it just happened. This example illustrates the ________ theory.

arousal

Unanswered Question 67 0 / 1 pts Which theory/hypothesis suggests that strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories, and weak emotional experiences form weak memories?

arousal theory

Unanswered Question 9 0 / 1 pts Encoding information occurs through ________.

automatic processing and effortful processing

Unanswered Question 8 0 / 1 pts Forgetting anything good that happened on your trip to France because you just broke up with your French fiancée and now can't bear the thought of anything French is a good example of ________: Memories are distorted by your current belief system.

bias

Unanswered Question 72 0 / 1 pts Which part of the brain is most involved in creating implicit memories?

cerebellum

Unanswered Question 47 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Long-term memory has two parts: semantic memory and episodic memory.

change the word "long-term" to the word "declarative"

Unanswered Question 52 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Persistence refers to lapses in memory that are caused by breaks in attention.

change the word "persistence" to the word "absent-mindedness"

Unanswered Question 19 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? The step of recall, which is the conscious repetition of information to be remembered in order to move it from STM into long-term memory, is called memory consolidation.

change the word "recall" to the word "rehearsal"

Unanswered Question 4 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? There are three types of encoding: semantic, visual, and sensory.

change the word "sensory" to the word "acoustic"

Unanswered Question 34 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In order for a memory to go into storage, it has to pass through three distinct stages: transitional memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

change the word "transitional" to the word "sensory"

Unanswered Question 18 0 / 1 pts Elena finds it very difficult to remember a long string of numbers, so she tries to memorize three numbers at a time. Later, she is able to repeat the numbers correctly because she grouped the numbers into more manageable groups of three. This is an example of ________.

chunking

Unanswered Question 27 0 / 1 pts Benigno wakes up in the middle of the night. He dreamed that he left the oven on, and he is now convinced that the oven is on. He can't go back to sleep until he turns the oven off. Which category of memory failure associated with the seven sins of memory is exemplified?

distortion

Unanswered Question 33 0 / 1 pts Lisa puts five quarters into the parking meter every time she goes downtown. However, when asked, Lisa cannot say if the head on a quarter is facing left or right. This may be an example of ________, because Lisa never paid attention to the picture in the first place.

encoding failure

Unanswered Question 69 0 / 1 pts What did Lashley develop by purposely damaging the brains of rats that had learned a task and then testing those rats to see if the brain damage impaired their ability to complete that same task?

equipotentiality hypothesis

Unanswered Question 1 0 / 1 pts What type of memories do we consciously try to remember and recall?

explicit memories

Unanswered Question 75 0 / 1 pts For many in the baby-boom generation, the Kennedy assassination represents a ________, an exceptionally clear recollection of an important event.

flashbulb memory

Unanswered Question 77 0 / 1 pts Which category of memory failure associated with the seven sins of memory is exemplified by the following? Amantha left her phone somewhere, but she can't remember where.

forgetting

Unanswered Question 44 0 / 1 pts A public opinion poll was administered to 50 people before the election of President Barack Obama. Polls taken before election night showed 50% of the people polled believed Barack Obama would be elected president. After the election results, the same people were asked if they believed Barack Obama would be elected president, and this time 75% of the people said yes. This may be an example of ________ bias.

hindsight

Unanswered Question 56 0 / 1 pts Which part of my brain is probably damaged if I am unable to recognize basic objects around my house?

hippocampus

Unanswered Question 22 0 / 1 pts Remembering ________ is a good example of procedural memory.

how to use the phone

Unanswered Question 37 0 / 1 pts When people say you never forget how to ride a bike, they are referring to ________ memory, also called non-declarative memory.

implicit

Unanswered Question 68 0 / 1 pts Chuck was in a car accident. He wishes he could put it behind him, but every night he has dreams about it, and every time he sees a car he remembers how he felt that day. Which category of memory failure associated with the seven sins of memory is exemplified?

intrusion

Unanswered Question 35 0 / 1 pts People may not intend to distort facts, but ________.

it can happen in the process of retrieving old memories and combining them with new memories

Unanswered Question 42 0 / 1 pts What is semantic memory?

knowledge about words, concepts, and language-based knowledge and facts

Unanswered Question 31 0 / 1 pts Researchers demonstrated that the hippocampus functions in memory processing by creating lesions in the hippocampi of rats, which resulted in ________.

memory impairment on various tasks, such as object recognition and maze running

Unanswered Question 24 0 / 1 pts When Benito was five he cut his leg on some glass and needed stiches. Years later, his mother tells him the scar came from being bit by a dog. Now, when people ask about his scar he distinctly remembers the dog biting him. This is an example of the ________.

misinformation effect paradigm

Unanswered Question 54 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a way police have changed their interrogation techniques to lower the risk of false memory syndrome? Police have ________.

modified the way witnesses are questioned

Unanswered Question 2 0 / 1 pts When you take a multiple-choice test, you are relying on ________, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system that helps you choose the correct answer.

recognition

Unanswered Question 30 0 / 1 pts In order to remember his lines for the play, Guy repeats his lines over and over again. This process is called ________.

rehearsal

Unanswered Question 5 0 / 1 pts Kenethia enjoys knitting. When she begins college, she has less time for knitting and finally stops altogether. After graduation, she wants to knit again, so she practices with her needles until she is good at it again. This is an example of ________, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system.

relearning

Unanswered Question 38 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a good example of semantic encoding?

remembering the colors of the rainbow with the acronym ROY-G-BIV

Unanswered Question 26 0 / 1 pts The act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness is known as ________.

retrieval

Unanswered Question 76 0 / 1 pts Jason studies Spanish for three years, and then switches to Pashto. When asked to remember Spanish vocabulary he can't, instead he can only remember Pashto vocabulary. This is an example of ________ interference.

retroactive

Unanswered Question 14 0 / 1 pts Elaine wakes up in the hospital with a head injury. She gets to know her doctors and nurses over time, but it soon becomes clear that she has no memories from before she woke up in the hospital. Elaine has ________ amnesia.

retrograde

Unanswered Question 61 0 / 1 pts When experiencing ________ amnesia, you experience loss of memory for events that occurred prior to the trauma. When experiencing ________ amnesia, you cannot remember new information.

retrograde; anterograde

Unanswered Question 16 0 / 1 pts What is the tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance?

self-reference effect

Unanswered Question 28 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not a way you can use what you know about memory to help you remember the names of all 50 states?

stay up the night before your exam to maximize the amount of time you have to study

Unanswered Question 7 0 / 1 pts Which concept describes the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories?

suggestibility

Unanswered Question 41 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a good example of visual encoding?

thinking about a dog you want to adopt and having the image of the dog appear in your mind

Unanswered Question 53 0 / 1 pts Elaborative rehearsal involves ________.

thinking about the meaning of the new information and its relation to knowledge already stored in your memory

Unanswered Question 36 0 / 1 pts Giorgio memorizes the German poem "The Erlking" to recite in his eighth grade German class. He remembers it well for weeks after the presentation, but gradually his ability to recite the poem fades. This is an example of ________, one of the seven sins of memory.

transience

Unanswered Question 43 0 / 1 pts What is procedural memory?

type of implicit memory that stores information about how to do things

Unanswered Question 32 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a mnemonic device?

using the acronym "HOMES" to remember the names of the five Great Lakes

Unanswered Question 60 0 / 1 pts Felipe looks over his presentation, and he notices that some of the words are written in bold and some are written in italic. His ability to remember these differences is an example of ________ encoding.

visual

Unanswered Question 29 0 / 1 pts Remembering ________ is a good example of semantic memory.

what the word chocolate means

Unanswered Question 50 0 / 1 pts Remembering ________ is a good example of episodic memory.

your first day of school

Unanswered Question 57 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about encoding is incorrect?

Encoding involves the input of information into the memory system.

Unanswered Question 23 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a good example of acoustic encoding?

being able to hum the tune to a song even when you can't remember the lyrics

Unanswered Question 40 0 / 1 pts The formulation of new memories is sometimes called ________, and the process of bringing up old memories is called ________.

construction; reconstruction

Unanswered Question 59 0 / 1 pts I am trying to learn the names of all 50 states. While I am actively remembering and recalling this information, it is considered ________.

explicit memory

Unanswered Question 3 0 / 1 pts What is episodic memory?

information about events we have personally experienced

Unanswered Question 10 0 / 1 pts According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, ________.

memories are processed the same way that a computer processes information

Unanswered Question 45 0 / 1 pts What is the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time?

memory

Unanswered Question 20 0 / 1 pts Engram refers to the ________.

physical trace of a memory

Unanswered Question 12 0 / 1 pts Ben is asked to memorize the words canine, feline, and avian. He remembers the words by associating them with their synonyms: dog, cat, and bird. This is an example of ________ encoding.

semantic

Unanswered Question 39 0 / 1 pts The encoding of words and their meaning is known as ________ encoding.

semantic

Unanswered Question 80 0 / 1 pts What are the two components of declarative memory?

semantic and episodic

Unanswered Question 25 0 / 1 pts According to Craik and Tulving, how do we process verbal information best?

semantic encoding

Unanswered Question 70 0 / 1 pts What kind of memory involves storage of brief events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes?

sensory

Unanswered Question 79 0 / 1 pts Dozens of people witness a purse snatching. One of the eyewitnesses loudly yells "the man with the blue shirt did it." Later, when questioned by police, several other eyewitnesses remember the purse snatcher wearing a blue shirt, even though the purse snatcher was a woman in flowered dress. This is an example of ________: the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories.

suggestibility

Unanswered Question 64 0 / 1 pts ________ encoding is the encoding of images.

visual