Chapter 8 US Imperialism

What was one of the arguments used in favor of these changes?

A. American industries need raw materials and markets found overseas

Why is the Spanish American War of 1898 often considered a major turning point in U.S. history?

A. It revealed that the United States had become a world power

Which conclusion can be best drawn from this map?

B. American imperialists saw their nation's main opportunities in the pacific and the Caribbean

Before 1898, most Americans had opposed imperialism. Why did imperialism suddenly become more popular in the United States by the end of the century?

B. Americans wanted to sell goods to new markets and buy raw materials for new industries

Which of these was a negative result of the construction of the Panama Canal?

B. Colombia and other Latin American countries resented U.S interference in the Panamanian revolt against Colombia

After observing how the European great powers had carved out "spheres of influence" in China, what actions did U.S Secretary of State Hays propose?

B. The United States and other foreign nations should enjoy equal trading rights in China

How did engineers overcome the obstacles that the geography of Panama posed to the building of the Panama Canal?

B. They sprayed insecticides to kill mosquitoes and built concrete locks to raise ships to a higher elevation

What point of view did Johnson express?

C. Imperialism seeks to conquer and exploit weaker peoples rather than to help them

How did the Platt Amendment differ from the Teller Amendment?

C. The Platt Amendment preserved Cuban independence but claimed the right to intervene in Cuban affairs

In this book, Mahan urged Americans to build a large navy and acquire colonies as Britain had. What other strategy did Mahan advocate for the United States to succeed as a naval power?

D. Building a canal through Central America

Which of the following provides the best evidence in support of the view that Americans went to war with Spain in 1898 for humanitarian purposes?

D. Congress passed the Teller Amendment promising that the United States would annex Cuba, even if it won the war

Which exiled Cuban leader raised money in Ybor City and other cities in Florida to organize a new revolt against Spanish rule in Cuba?

D. José Marti

What is the main idea of this political cartoon?

D. President McKinley and the Senate pushed through the annexation of Hawaii despite opposition at home and in Hawaii

To what event do the cartoon and President Roosevelt's statement refer?

D. Roosevelt's decision to help Panamanian rebels against Colombia in exchange for the Canal Zone

Which American city served as the main port of embarkation for the "Rough Riders" and other American forces sent to Cuba during the Spanish American War?

D. Tampa, Florida

Based on this speech, what conclusion can be made about the views of American imperialists in 1900?

D. They saw the Philippines as a useful base for increasing American trade with East Asia

Which phrase completes the diagram?

D. U.S forces fight a three year war against Filipino rebels seeking independence

Hawaii

annexed (added to) Hawaii because US wanted to preserve the sugar plantations

Major reason for US expansion

economic reasons

Japan

i. Commodore Matthew Perry went to Japan in 1853 to open Japan to trade with U.S

The Spanish-American War (1898) causes

i. Imperialism - a desire to expand the U.S. ii. Spanish, who controlled Cuba, were mistreating the Cubans iii. Yellow Journalism - newspapers exaggerated headlines in order to sell papers (ex. William Randolph Hearst owned the New York Journal) iv. Sinking of the U.S.S. Maine - immediate cause, Spain blamed although it turned out tbe an internal explosion

China

i. Spheres of Influence - China was divide by European countries who each had a sphere that they controlled and had special trading privileges, U.S. was upset because they were left out ii. Open Door Policy - U.S. plan for China that opened all of China to trade with anycountry, ending spheres of influence and getting U.S. trade in China iii. Boxer Rebellion - Chinese attempt to expel all foreigners from China

Results

i. U.S. acquired land from Spain including Puerto Rico, the Philippines, Guam, and control over Cuba ii. Filipinos rejected American rule, expecting to become independent after the war iii. Cuba agrees to the Platt Amendment - U.S. allowed to build military bases in Cuba and intervene in Cuba whenever necessary

The War Against Spain

i. William McKinley (1897 - 1901) - U.S. President during the Spanish-American War ii. Fighting took place on two fronts, Cuba and the Philippines (both owned by Spain) iii. Rough Riders - cavalry unit led by Teddy Roosevelt iv. Quick war, most Americans died from yellow fever and disease, not enemy fire

Alaska

purchased by secretary of state William Seward from Russia in 1867, called "Seward's Folly" because people thought it was a bad deal, but it turned out to be a bargain

Imperialism

the political and economic control over another area (when one country controls another country)

Causes of imperialism

to acquire natural resource, get new markets to sell products to, belief your nation has a superior culture and must spread it, better technology, made it easier to colonize other areas