Chapter 9
What prompted the emergence of a second national party in the mid-1830s?
The rise of democracy and Jackson's tumultuous presidency
Why did some eastern supporters of Native Americans favor resettlement of Indians west of the Mississippi River?
They believed resettlement would actually protect Indians.
Why did the Whig Party choose its name?
They wanted to identify themselves with the pre-Revolutionary parties that opposed royal power.
Why did President Andrew Jackson insist on getting Congress to pass the Force Bill to threaten South Carolina even while he was willing to reduce the tariff that southerners objected to?
To assert federal authority and preserve the Union
What was the goal of the American Colonization Society?
To emancipate slaves and send African Americans to Africa
What was one consequence of the Taney Court's decision in the case of Mayor of New York v. Miln (1837)?
To enhance the regulatory role of state governments
What efforts did the American Colonization Society make toward resettling black Americans in Africa?
With assistance from the U.S. Navy, the society coerced Dev and Bassa leaders into selling them a strip of land on the west coast of Africa to use for colonization.
Owing to the influence of Andrew Jackson, state constitutions were rewritten between 1830 and 1860 to embrace the principle of...
election, rather than appointing, of officials.
Educational reformers in the early nineteenth century first advocated the study of American history to school children to encourage...
patriotism and shared cultural ideals.
Jackson's practice of appointing loyal members of his party to public offices became known as...
the Spoils system
In asserting the states' right to nullify federal laws, John Calhoun, in The South Carolina Exposition and Protest (1828), built on the arguments expounded first in...
the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions.
In what respect were the Whigs of the 1830s similar to the Federalists at the beginning of the nineteenth century?
Both sought leaders with wealth and ability.
How did the trans-Appalachian migration of men indirectly influence the number of children on the eastern seaboard in the first years of the nineteenth century?
Due to a limited number of men, marriages were delayed and older women produced fewer children.
Why did President Jackson veto the rechartering of the Second Bank of the United States?
He believed the bank to be unconstitutional.
How did family size change in the northern states during the early republic?
It was dropping markedly.
On December 26, 1833, Henry Clay of Kentucky addressed the Senate censuring President Andrew Jackson's conduct. Clay complained, "The powers of Congress are paralyzed, except when exerted in conformity with his will, by frequent and an extraordinary exercise of the executive veto, not anticipated by the founders of our Constitution, and not practiced by any of the predecessors of the present chief magistrate. . . ." What had Jackson done that angered Henry Clay so much?
Jackson had used his veto power to block Congress.
Why did the rechartering of the Second Bank of the United States become an issue?
Jackson's opponents wanted to use the issue to hurt the Democrats.
Why did expansion of the franchise advance the development of political parties?
Politicians had to organize their appeal to newly enfranchised voters.
What did the Freemasons stand for in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries?
Republicanism
What group constituted most of the membership of the Whig Party in the South?
Small, independent farmers
