chapter 9

Bronze skin color, hyperglycemia, and a reduced ability to cope with stress are signs and symptoms of ___________.

Addison's disease

What anterior pituitary hormone regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex region of the adrenal gland?

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Male sex hormones produced by the adrenal cortex are called ________.

androgens

Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus influence the activities of the _________.

anterior pituitary gland

Alcohol inhibits secretion of __________.

antidiuretic hormone

Which hormone causes the kidney to reabsorb more water from forming urine and as a result, increases blood volume?

antidiuretic hormone

Which hormone is alternately known as vasopressin due to its effect on blood pressure by causing constriction of arterioles?

antidiuretic hormone

Which of the following is NOT a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary? A) prolactin B) adrenocorticotropic hormone C) follicle stimulating hormone D) antidiuretic hormone E) luteinizing hormone

antidiuretic hormone

A hormone produced by the heart, known as ___________, prevents the release of aldosterone in order to reduce blood volume and blood pressure.

atrial natriuretic peptide

The two hormones released by the thyroid gland are ________.

calcitonin and thyroid hormone

Being lipid soluble, steroids can do all the following EXCEPT:

catalyze a reaction that produces cyclic AMP (cAMP)

Which one of the following is NOT typical of the changes that follow the binding of a hormone to its target cell? A) plasma membrane permeability changes B) cellular mutations occur C) enzymes are activated or inactivated D) mitosis is stimulated E) proteins are synthesized in the cells

cellular mutations occur

Six year old timothy is small for his age, has dry skin, and scanty hair. He also shows signs of intellectual impairment. What disorder do you suspect?

cretinism

Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids, often caused by a tumor, results in ________.

cushings syndrome

Mr. Lee says he felt scared to death when his neighbor's dog bit him. Which of the following did he NOT experience as a result of catecholamine release? A) increased alertness B) dilation of the passage ways of the lungs C) increased heart rate D) decreased blood pressure E) increased blood glucose levels

decreased blood pressure

The fight or flight response triggers the release of ________.

epinephrine

Which of these hormones is released by the adrenal medulla: A) sex hormones B) aldosterone C) cortisone D) glucocorticoids E) epinephrine

epinephrine

Which hormone is produced by the kidneys to stimulation production of red blood cells by the bone marrow?

erythropoietin

What two groups of steroid homes are made by female ovaries?

estrogen and progesterone

The hormone that stimulates follicle development by female ovaries and sperm development by male testes is _________.

follicle stimulating hormone

Cortisone and cortisol are types of ________ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland.

glucocorticoids

Without iodine in the diet, which thyroid gland disorder may result?

goiter

Daniella has been diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which of the following does NOT match her signs or symptoms? A) bronze skin tone B) high blood pressure and edema C) weak muscles D) hypoglycemia E) increased blood glucose

high blood pressure and edema

Hormones of the hypothalamus stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to secrete its hormones. How would you classify this type of endocrine gland stimulation?

hormonal

Parathyroid hormone is secreted by the parathyroid glands in response to low blood concentration of calcium ions. The mechanism operates by a __________.

humoral stimulus

What hormones decreases blood glucose levels?

insulin

When blood glucose levels are too high, the beta cells of the pancreas release _____ to decrease levels.

insulin

Which two important hormones are produced by the islet cells of the pancreas?

insulin and glucagon

Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as _______while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as ________.

insulin; glucagon

The hypothalamus makes two hormones, __________ and ___________, that are stored by the posterior pituitary.

oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone

Hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood leads to_______.

pituitary dwarfism

Which endocrine gland is most closely associated with the hypothalamus?

pituitary gland

Where are the parathyroid glands located?

posterior surface of the thyroid gland

Rising blood levels of aldosterone cause the kidney tubules to:

reabsorb sodium ions

What is a function of the mineralocorticoids, such as aldosterone?

regulate salt content of the blood

How would you classify a hormone that is made from cholesterol, such as a sex hormone?

steroid hormone

Which of the following is NOT an effect of testosterone on males? A) stimulation of the posterior pituitary B) deepening of the voice C) growth of facial hair D) sperm production E) development of heavy bones and muscles

stimulation of posterior pituitary gland

The hormone produced by male testes which is necessary for sperm production is __________.

testosterone

In the second messenger system, what serves as the first messenger?

the hormone

Water soluble hormones, such as proteins and peptide hormones, activate target cells using _____________.

the second messenger system

What gland releases catecholamines?

thyroid gland

What is the target organ of thyrotropic hormone, or thyroid stimulating hormone?

thyroid gland

The body's major metabolic hormone, which is actually two iodine containing hormones is called __________.

thyroid hormone

Which hormone prods the thyroid gland to release thyroxine?

thyroid stimulating hormone

Select the statement that best describes the function of tropic hormones. A) tropic hormones stimulate the pineal gland to secrete hormones B) tropic hormones stimulate the thymus gland to secrete hormones C) tropic hormones stimulate other endocrine glands to secrete hormones D) tropic hormones stimulate nervous tissue to produce neurotransmitters E) tropic hormones stimulate production of prostaglandins

tropic hormones stimulate other endocrine glands to secrete hormones