Chapter 9 Launchpad Practice Quiz Intro to Psych

_____ suggested that people can stimulate the subjective experience of cheerfulness simply by acting as if they are already cheerful. Richard LazarusStanley SchachterWilliam JamesWalter Cannon

William James

In a crowd of faces, researchers have found that people are quickest to detect a(n) _____ face. male happy angry female

angry

The sympathetic nervous system is to _____ as the parasympathetic nervous system is to _____. arousal; calming calming; arousal pupil enlargement; pupil dilation secretion of stress hormones; increase in epinephrin

arousal; calming

Aggression is more likely to occur if a person has damage to the _____ lobe of the brain. occipitalparietaltemporalfrontal

frontal

Cathy had gastric bypass surgery for her severe obesity. This has helped to lessen her appetite and cause her to lose weight because her remaining stomach produces less: orexin. PYY. leptin. ghrelin.

ghrelin

A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state is known as: homeostasis. motivation. physiological need. incentive.

homeostasis.

Cliff is homeless, hungry, and desperate for food and shelter. He will do almost anything to satisfy these needs. According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy, Cliff will ignore his other needs which do NOT include his: hunger and thirst need to be loved and to love himself. self-esteem needs. self-actualization needs.

hunger and thirst

Orexin is an appetite hormone secreted by the: liver. stomach. pancreas. hypothalamus.

hypothalamus.

Hailey is trying to lose weight. But, when she is hungry, she finds it harder to resist chocolate than to resist hard candy. This is because, for her, chocolate is a more powerful: incentive.goal.drive.need.

incentive

Maxine smells coffee brewing in the morning and, really, it is the only reason she is willing to get out of bed. In this situation, the coffee is a(n): safety need. motivation. physiological need. incentive.

incentive.

Some students work hard in high school to attain high grades in hopes to go to college after graduation. This BEST illustrates the importance of: arousal.homeostasis.incentives.set points.

incentives.

Jose was diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes when his fasting blood glucose was discovered to be 300 mg/ml. His _____ production, which is secreted by the pancreas, was not controlling his blood glucose. ghrelin orexin leptin insulin

insulin

Exuberant infants and alert, energetic adults are especially likely to show high levels of brain activity in the: sensory cortex. left frontal lobe. cerebellum. limbic system.

left frontal lobe

In a positive mood, a person will experience increased activity in her: amygdala.right hemisphere.left frontal lobe.right frontal lobe.

left frontal lobe

In a positive mood, a person will experience increased activity in her: right hemisphere.left frontal lobe.right frontal lobe.amygdala.

left frontal lobe.

Emotion is a response that includes physiological arousal, expressive behavior, and conscious experience. Which list describes these three components? pounding heart, increased pace, sense of fearpounding heart, increased pace, trembling handssense of fear, trembling hands, experience of joyheavy breathing, pounding heart, dilated pupils

pounding heart, increased pace, sense of fear

What is the MOST powerful predictor of beginning a friendship? fondnessproximitysimilarityphysical attractiveness

proximity

A lie detector is used to monitor a person's: stomach contraction. insulin levels respiration. brain activity.

respiration

Self-disclosure via social networking tends to _____ your true personality. revealexaggeratefalsifyhide

reveal

A person who is prone to depression has increased activity in his: left hemisphere. right frontal lobe. amygdala. left frontal lobe.

right frontal lobe

If shown an angry face in a frightening situation, how will most people judge the face? scared angry nervous surprised

scared

Julie is competing in a basketball free-throw contest. She is likely to perform _____ if her physiological arousal during the performance is _____. poorly; very low well; moderate poorly; moderate well; very low

well; moderate

Who are MOST likely to report that they experience emotions more deeply? men women children adolescents

women

Sarah is overweight and would like to lose about 40 pounds. Which suggestion would you NOT give her? "Only begin your program when you feel motivated and self-disciplined.""Make sure you do not eat all day and just eat a large meal at night.""If you join a support group, it will help.""Most people lapse occasionally when trying to diet."

"Make sure you do not eat all day and just eat a large meal at night."

According to research by _____, one reason a person feels hungry is because of stomach pangs. Carl LangeAncel KeysAbraham MaslowA. L. Washburn

A. L. Washburn

_____ is a hunger-triggering hormone secreted by the hypothalamus. Orexin Leptin Ghrelin PYY

Orexin

Need is to _____ as drive is to _____. motivation; incentive thirst; basal metabolic rate instinct; incentive food deprivation; hunger

food deprivation; hunger

Women appear to be more sensitive to nonverbal cues than men. Which research finding supports this statement? Research has found all of these things to be true. Women surpass men at reading emotional cues. Women across various cultures report themselves open to feelings. Women surpass men in determining whether a male-female couple is genuinely romantic or phony.

Research has found all of these things to be true. Women surpass men at reading emotional cues. Women across various cultures report themselves open to feelings. Women surpass men in determining whether a male-female couple is genuinely romantic or phony.

_____ is a hormone secreted by an empty stomach that sends "I'm hungry" signals to the brain. Ghrelin PYY Insulin Leptin

Ghrelin

Nikolas is suspected of a crime and is asked to take a polygraph test. Although he is innocent, what are the chances that he will be falsely accused? These tests are rarely inaccurate, especially if the person is innocent. These tests are inaccurate about one-third of the time. These tests are inaccurate about one-half of the time. These tests are inaccurate about two-thirds of the time.

These tests are inaccurate about one-third of the time.

When imagining an angry face people are more likely to imagine a(n): adult. woman .child .man.

.man.

According to the text, emotionality is truer of women, a perception expressed by nearly 100 percent of _____ Americans. 39- to 49-year-old 18- to 29-year-old 49- to 59-year-old 29- to 39-year-old

18- to 29-year-old

According to the text, in looking at 206 studies of discerning lies from truths, people were _____ percent accurate. 54 24 39 69

54

According to _____, there is a pyramid of human needs, such that the most basic physiological needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs become active. Ancel Keys Barbara Rogoff Carl Rogers Abraham Maslow

Abraham Maslow

Women appear to be more sensitive to nonverbal cues than men. Which research finding supports this statement? Women surpass men at reading emotional cues.Research has found all of these things to be true.Women across various cultures report themselves open to feelings.Women surpass men in determining whether a male-female couple is genuinely romantic or phony.

All are true

_____ refers to the rate of energy expenditure for maintaining basic body functions when the body is at rest. PYY Glucose level Set point Basal metabolic rate

Basal metabolic rate

Which theorist(s) would say that our hearts race at the same time that we are afraid? Lazarus James-Lange Cannon-Bard LeDoux

Cannon-Bard

According to Carroll Izard, there are 10 basic emotions that humans experience, and most of these are present during infancy. _____ is one of these basic emotions. Disgust Ecstasy Empathy Boredom

Disgust

Which theorist(s) would agree with the statement "We observe our heart racing after an incident and then feel afraid"? LeDoux Lazarus Cannon-Bard James-Lange

James-Lange

Which theorist(s) would agree with the statement "We observe our heart racing after an incident and then feel afraid"? LazarusCannon-BardJames-LangeLeDoux

James-Lange

Evidence that emotion follows physiological arousal would be most consistent with the _____. Evidence that emotion follows the placement of a cognitive label on physiological arousal would be most consistent with the _____. relative deprivation principle; adaptation-level principleJames-Lange theory; two-factor theoryadaptation-level principle; relative deprivation principletwo-factor theory; James-Lange theory

James-Lange theory; two-factor theory

Which strategy is NOT a way to balance online activity and real-world connections? Make sure that you keep in touch online with all your close friends. Try turning off your handheld devices or leaving them elsewhere for a while. Refocus by taking a nature walk. Keep a log of how you use your time.

Make sure that you keep in touch online with all your close friends.

Which strategy is NOT a way to balance online activity and real-world connections? Keep a log of how you use your time.Try turning off your handheld devices or leaving them elsewhere for a while.Make sure that you keep in touch online with all your close friends.Refocus by taking a nature walk.

Make sure that you keep in touch online with all your close friends.

Ancel Keys conducted an experiment in which men were given half the food they had previously become accustomed to eating. Which statement does NOT describe a result of the experiment? The men began to conserve energy. The men's weight reached a set-point. The men got used to it and continued as before. The men became obsessed with food.

The men got used to it and continued as before.

Compared with the general population, how much time do lonely people spend online? There is no clear trend in time spent online. They spend a greater-than-average amount of time online. There is no difference in time spent online. They spend a less-than-average amount of time online.

They spend a greater-than-average amount of time online.

Who suggested that very similar physiological reactions are associated with a variety of different emotions? Robert Zajonc Walter Cannon Jerome Singer William James

Walter Cannon

Joseph LeDoux proposes a neural short-cut where information goes straight from the senses to the: thalamus.amygdala.hypothalamus.frontal lobe.

amygdala

Maia has plenty of food and lives in a nice house. Now she feels she needs to find a lover or even a close friend or two with whom she can share her life. According to Abraham Maslow, what is motivating her? safety needs esteem needs self-actualization needs belongingness and love needs

belongingness and love needs

Maia has plenty of food and lives in a nice house. Now she feels she needs to find a lover or even a close friend or two with whom she can share her life. According to Abraham Maslow, what is motivating her? belongingness and love needssafety needsself-actualization needsesteem needs

belongingness and love needs

Jenny has a job interview soon and is waiting in the lounge for her name to be called. Her heart is pounding, and she is sweating slightly. She is also biting her lip. She keeps thinking to herself, "Calm down, it will be fine." Jenny's increased heart rate are examples of: bodily arousal. physical pain. expressive behaviors. conscious experience.

bodily arousal.

Emotions do NOT consist of this component. physiological reactions behavioral expressions conscious feelings decision making

decision making

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system _____ salivation and _____blood pressure. increases; increases decreases; decreases increases; decreases decreases; increases

decreases; increases

A train is rapidly approaching, and Antonio's car stalls in the middle of the railroad tracks. His emotional arousal is likely to be accompanied by: contraction of the arteries.a decreased blood sugar level.a decreased respiration rate.dilation of his pupils.

dilation of his pupils

Lara's mouth is dry and she realizes that she has not had anything to drink all morning. The water level in her cells has dropped and she feels thirsty. She is becoming agitated by watching people drink large glasses of soda, and the next chance she gets, she will have a large drink. Her motivation for getting a drink can be explained by: basal metabolic rate. arousal theory. drive-reduction theory. set-point theory.

drive-reduction theory.

When a physiological need such as hunger creates an aroused tension state, it: drives the organism to reduce the need .causes homeostasis. is a basal metabolic rate. creates instinct drive.

drives the organism to reduce the need

Luca has been diagnosed with a tumor near the base of the brain, and ultimately, it is stimulating his arcuate nucleus. Thus, Luca will: not eat excessively and yet still become very overweight.eat less and become very underweight.not live long.eat excessively and become very overweight.

eat excessively and become very overweight.

Which method is NOT suggested for "waist management"? self-discipline eating one meal in the evening exercise joining a support group

eating one meal in the evening

_____ is an organism's response to a stimulus that includes a mixture of physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, and conscious experience. MotivationEmotionPainCognition

emotion

Mark's friend's father has just died. Mark tells his friend that he truly feels the pain that she is going through. Mark really understands her grief, and they cry together, as he can actually feel her loss. This is an example of: sympathy.curiosity.empathy.apathy.

empathy

If people wrinkle their noses in disgust when presented with a strange-looking food, they are likely to experience an increasingly intense emotional aversion to the food. This BEST illustrates the: two-factor theory. physiological effect. facial feedback effect. Cannon-Bard theory.

facial feedback effect.

Brandon thinks that he is a great guy. He thinks he is good looking and smart and that any girl would be lucky to have him choose her to be his girlfriend. He knows that all girls are attracted to him. Brandon's example illustrates: ostracism. social exclusion. bullying. narcissism.

narcissism.

Which form of influence results from a person's desire to gain approval of others? social facilitationnormative social influenceinformational social influencegroup polarization

normative social influence

When given _____, rats become ravenously hungry. insulinserotoninmelatoninorexin

orexin

Deliberate isolation of an individual is known as: social exclusion. bullying. narcissism. ostracism.

ostracism

Deliberate isolation of an individual is known as: social exclusion. narcissism. bullying. ostracism.

ostracism.

According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, which is the CORRECT sequence of events when a car drives directly toward a group and they experience emotion? see an approaching car; heart pounds and, at the same time the arousal is cognitively labeled; experience fear see an approaching car; heart pounds and, at the same time, fear is experienced see an approaching car; experience fear see an approaching car; heart pounds; experience fear

see an approaching car; heart pounds and, at the same time the arousal is cognitively labeled; experience fear

According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, which is the CORRECT sequence of events when a car drives directly toward a group and they experience emotion? see an approaching car; heart pounds; experience fearsee an approaching car; heart pounds and, at the same time, the arousal is cognitively labeled; experience fearsee an approaching car; heart pounds and, at the same time, fear is experiencedsee an approaching car; experience fear

see an approaching car; heart pounds and, at the same time, the arousal is cognitively labeled; experience fear

Mario's friend yells at him for being five minutes late for lunch. Rather than believing his friend is a rude jerk, Mario decides that she may be having difficulties with her partner, thus her behavior is the result of her: disposition.None of these would be an explanation for why Mario's friend yelled at him.personality traits.situation.

situation.

Social networking _____ our connections to people we already know. strengthensunderminesweakensdoes not affect

strengthens

Which theory of emotion emphasizes the simultaneous experience of body response and emotional feeling? the two-factor theory the Cannon-Bard theory the drive-reduction theory the James-Lange theory

the Cannon-Bard theory

Liam decides to make a positive change in his life. Instead of going to work with a frown on his face, he will force himself to smile when he walks in the door. According to _____, altering one's behavior predicts a good chance of changing one's attitude. groupthinkthe attitudes-follow-behavior principlethe foot-in-the-door phenomenonthe fundamental attribution error

the attitudes-follow-behavior principle

The body's resting rate of energy output is: the basal metabolic rate. ostracism. the set point. homeostasis.

the basal metabolic rate.

In one study, participants who worked alongside someone who rubbed his face or shook his foot were observed to produce the same behaviors. This mimicry illustrates: the mere exposure effect.the chameleon effect.the bystander effect.social loafing.

the chameleon effect.

As Spencer is driving to campus one day, another car cuts him off and speeds ahead. Immediately, he yells out "Crazy driver!" not realizing that the person is rushing to get to the hospital. Spencer's judgment BEST illustrates: prejudice.foot-in-the-door phenomenon.the fundamental attribution error.confirmation bias.

the fundamental attribution error.