Chapter 9 module questions

If the nucleus pulposus breaks through the outer fibrocartilage ring of the intervertebral disc, this condition is called ____________.

a herniated disc

If you run your fingers along the superior surface of the shoulder joint, you will feel the process called the __________.

acromion

Even though the specific cause varies, arthritis always involves damage to the __________.

articular cartilages

What type of joint is the shoulder joint?

ball-and-socket

Structures that are associated with a synovial joint but are commonly superficial to the joint capsule and that help protect the articular cartilage are ____________.

fat pads

Movements of the vertebral column are limited to __________.

flexion and extension, lateral flexion, and rotation

The type of joint that involves flat or slightly curved joint surfaces and that allows slight nonaxial movement is a ________ joint.

gliding

The fibrous joint that holds a tooth in the bony socket of the jawbone is a ____________.

gomphosis

What type of joint is the elbow?

hinge

The soft, gelatinous core of the intervertebral disc is called the __________.

nucleus pulposus

The amphiarthrotic articulation that allows limited movement between the two pubic bones is the __________.

pubic symphysis

When a ligament is stretched to the point that some of the collagen fibers are torn, the resulting injury is called a __________.

sprain

The distal end of the tibia articulates with the __________ to form a synovial __________ joint.

talus; hinge

In a shoulder separation, __________.

the acromioclavicular joint undergoes partial or complete separation

What is the term for a slightly movable joint?

Amphiarthrosis

Which type of synovial joint is the most freely movable and performs all combinations of angular and rotational movements?

Ball-and-socket

Which of the following describes an articulation that allows movement along two axes?

Biaxial

Which of the following are small pockets filled with synovial fluid and are found where a tendon or ligament rubs against other tissues?

Bursae

Which of the following describes movement that reduces the angle between two articulating bones?

Flexion

Which joint includes structures such as the acetabulum, ligamentum teres, and iliofemoral ligament?

Hip

Fibrocartilage pads are important in stabilizing which joint?

Knee

What is the term for the pad of fibrocartilage found between opposing bones in some synovial joints?

Meniscus

What are the two types of joints that allow rotation?

Pivot joints and ball-and-socket joints

What structure is NOT part of a synovial joint but may still support it?

Tendons

Which of the following joints is NOT classified as a synovial hinge joint?

The atlantoaxial articulation

In a ball and socket shoulder joint, what structure is the ball and what is the socket?

The ball is the head of the humerus and the socket is the glenoid cavity.

What is the unique compromise of the articulations in the appendicular skeleton?

The stronger the joint, the more restricted the range of motion.

Which of the following describes movement away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane?

Abduction

What is the term for the condition that results when articulating bone surfaces are subjected to severe stress and are forced out of their normal positions?

Dislocation

The metacarpal and metatarsal bones articulate with the fingers and the toes, respectively. This creates what type of synovial joint?

Ellipsoid

Which joint permits the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body?

Shoulder joint

What is the term for an immovable joint that holds together the flat bones of the skull?

Suture

Which type of joint is freely movable?

Synovial joint

A freely movable diarthrotic joint is always what type of structural joint?

Synovial

The joint surfaces of the bones of a synovial joint are covered with _______________.

articular cartilage

Vertebrae are separated by pads of fibrocartilage called __________.

intervertebral discs

A complete dislocation of the knee is extremely unlikely because of __________.

the seven major ligaments that stabilize the knee joint