chapter 9 review questions
9. How long would the peptide be that is translated from this MRNA sequence: 5'-AUGGGCUACCGA-3'? A. 0 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
D is the correct answer
2. Which of the following does cytosine pair with? A. guanine B. thymine C. adenine D. a pyrimidine
A is the correct answer
3. Prokaryotes contain a ________chromosome, and eukaryotes contain ________ chromosomes. A. single-stranded circular; single-stranded linear B. single-stranded linear; single-stranded circular C. double-stranded circular; double-stranded linear D. double-stranded linear; double-stranded circular
A is the correct answer
6. A promoter is ________. A. a specific sequence of DNA nucleotides B. a specific sequence of RNA nucleotides C. a protein that binds to DNA D. an enzyme that synthesizes RNA
A is the correct answer
11. Post-translational control refers to: A. regulation of gene expression after transcription B. regulation of gene expression after translation C. control of epigenetic activation D. period between transcription and translation
B is the correct answer
4. DNA replicates by which of the following models? A. conservative B. semiconservative C. dispersive D. none of the above
B is the correct answer
5. The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA is ________. A. mismatch repair B. DNA polymerase proofreading C. nucleotide excision repair D. thymine dimers
B is the correct answer
10. Control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells occurs at which level(s)? A. only the transcriptional level B. epigenetic and transcriptional levels C. epigenetic, transcriptional, and translational levels D. epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels
D is the correct answer
7. Portions of eukaryotic mRNA sequence that are removed during RNA processing are ________. A. exons B. caps C. poly-A tails D. introns
D is the correct answer
12. Describe the organization of the eukaryotic chromosome.
Eukaryotic chromosomes consist of a DNA-protein complex that is organized in a compact manner which permits the large amount of DNA to be stored in the nucleus of the cell.
8. The RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in the ________. A. cytoplasm B. nucleus C. nucleolus D. endoplasmic reticulum
I found answers that say both A in prokaryotic cells and C in Eukaryotic cells
1. Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired and suspect that a mutation has occurred in an enzyme found at the replication fork. Which enzyme is most likely to be mutated?
I would suspect DNA ligase to be damaged
15. Transcribe and translate the following DNA sequence (nontemplate strand): 5'-ATGGCCGGTTATTAAGCA-3'
TACCGGCCAATAATTCGT
14. How do the linear chromosomes in eukaryotes ensure that its ends are replicated completely?
Telomerase has an inbuilt RNA template that extends the 3′ end, so a primer is synthesized and extended. Thus, the ends are protected.
16. Describe how controlling gene expression will alter the overall protein levels in the cell.
controlling gene expression would change how many proteins are produced because when certain genes are expressed a certain protein is created
13. Describe the structure and complementary base pairing of DNA.
the structure of DNA is a double helix structure and one side of DNA is complementary to the other, this means that one side can be rebuilt if destroyed because specific nucleotides bond to one another