Chapter 9: The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The medulla oblongata is superior to the midbrain

False

The pituitary gland is part of the diencephal

False

True or false: The hypothalamus establishes the basic respiratory rhythm, and the brainstem modulates this rhythm via the autonomic nervous system.

False

The motor _____ nerve allows you to swallow your diet soda.

Glossopharyngeal

The cranial nerve carrying visual impulses from the eye to the brain is

II

Which of the following cranial nerves is only sensory?

II

What is the cerebral cortex

It's the thin outer layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres.

Respiration and heartbeat are controlled by the medulla oblongata.

True

The corpus callosum is composed of white matter

True

The outer layer of the brain is referred to as gray matter.

True

The cranial nerve controlling the sense of balance is

VIII

The cranial nerve responsible for auditory reception is

VIII

The cranial nerve controlling muscles of the neck and larynx is

XI

The cerebrum and diencephalon are connected with the spinal cord by the __________.

brain stem

It's a dark and stormy night. You live in an old house in an old neighborhood. Lightning strikes the transformer down the street and your electricity goes out instantly. Now you can't see a thing. You feel your way across the living room, your arms extended in front of you, looking for candles. What portion of your brain is helping to keep you in balance as you slowly cross the room?

cerebellum

Which of these is NOT a section of the brain stem

cerebellum

Which of these is NOT a section of the brain stem?

cerebellum

The ________ is the largest part of the brain.

cerebrum

The largest part of the brain is the ________

cerebrum

You are watching a neurosurgeon perform awake brain surgery. As the probe passes through different brain regions, the patient is asked to describe what he experiences in order to "map" the patient's brain and minimize damage. At one point, the patient exclaims that he smells roasting marshmallows. Which of these brain regions has been activated?

deep, medial portion of the temporal lobe

Which term does not belong in the following list? dura mater pia mater dural sinus arachnoid

dural sinus

Where is CSF synthesized

first ventricle second ventricle third ventricle fourth ventricle

Elevated folds in the cerebral cortex are

gyri

They say "You never know when you're making a memory!" If that's true, then if your _______ is damaged, you'll never make a memory.

hippocampus

The limbic system contains

hippocampus amygdala

A cranial nerve controlling muscles of the tongue is the

hypoglossal

Which nerve carries impulses controlling the muscles of the tongue

hypoglossal

The part of the brain directly controlling the autonomic nervous system is the

hypothalamus

Which of these paired terms correctly matches structure and function?

hypothalamus; autonomic nervous system

The brain region concerned with emotion is the

limbic system

You are processing images in radiology and come across a scan from a stroke patient. You notice damage to a region of the brain just anterior to the central sulcus, midway between the longitudinal fissure and the lateral side of his brain. Which of these functions is most likely impaired in this patient?

moving his arm

The substance that produces the color of white matter is ________.

myelin

Astrocytes and Schwann cells are examples of

neuroglia

Among the cranial nerves, only the _______, _______, and _______ are purely sensory nerves

olfactory optic vestibulocochlear

Thanks to the primary somatosensory area in your ________, you can feel whether the water in your shower is too hot or too cold or just right.

parietal lobe

Which of these structures is part of the brainstem? Select all that apply.

pons midbrain medulla oblongata

Which of these processes involves the limbic system?

short-term memory alertness long-term memory

1m 35s A branch falls from a tree in the forest. Unfortunately, you're hiking on the trail just then and walk right under the tree as the branch falls. It hits you on the head, cracking your skull just above your left ear. Shards of bone are pushed into your anterior association area and you suffer damage to the Broca's area of your brain. What will you NOT be able to do when you wake up in the hospital?

tell the attending physician what happened

The primary auditory area is found in th

temporal lobe

Which of these structures are part of the diencephalon? Select all that apply

thalamus hypothalamus

The pons is

the largest portion of the brainstem

What does the corpus callosum do?

transmits impulses between the two cerebral hemispheres

Superman is flying through heavy clouds and crashes right into an airplane. He hits his head and damages the Wernicke area of his brain. Because of this, once he gets back to Earth, he will not be able to

understand Lois Lane saying, "Are you okay, Superman?"

Cerebrospinal fluid forms in spaces known as

ventricles

You can't listen to your iPod if the sensory fibers of your _______ nerve aren't working.

vestibulocochlear

True or false: The brain region interpreting visual impulses is anterior to the region receiving visual impulses.

True

The cranial nerve controlling the chewing muscles is numbered

V

Which of these structures is deep to the arachnoid

pia mater

Which of these structures are in contact with CSF? Select all that apply.

pia mater arachnoid arachnoid villi