Chapters 29 and 30 Questions

What factors helped prompt the United States to join the war for the Allies?

Germany resorted to unrestricted submarine warfare, killing many U.S. Citizens. After multiple attacks similar to this, the U.S. was infuriated. When the U.S. found out Germany had offered to help Mexico reconquer U.S. land in exchange for their help with the war, the United States declared war on Germany and joined forces with the Allies. The similarities between Great Britain and the U.S. further prompted the U.S. to join forces with them.

What was the "war guilt" clause in the Treaty of Versailles?

It placed the responsibility of the World War I on Germany. Because of this, Germany was forced to pay the Allies for the damage they caused.

How was Mao's vision of communism different from that of Lenin?

Lenin worked towards revolution in an urban area; Mao worked toawrds revolution in rural settings.

How did the Soviet economy change under the direction of Stalin?

Stalin set forth a command economy in which the government controls all economic decisions. Both an industrial revolution and an agricultural revolution took place, bringing promising results to the economy;

What were the three forces at work in Europe that helped set the stage for war?

The growth of nationalism, imperialism, and militarism sparked war in Europe.

What single event set in motion the start of World War I?

The shooting of Austro-Hungarian royalty by a Serbian brought on the war.

What was the significance in the Second Battle of Marne?

The success the Allies experienced in this battle led to steady advancement towards Germany. The Central Powers began crumbling from that point, eventually leading World War I to an end.

What are the key traits of a totalitarian state?

A totalitarian state controls every aspect of life. Horror and violence are used to enforce the government's control.

Why did the U.S. reject the Treaty of Versailles?

Americans believed the U.S.'s best hope for peace was staying out of foreign affairs as opposed to making negotiations and being a part of the League of Nations.

How did newly found petroleum supplies change the new nations of Southwest Asia?

Asia's supply of petroleum attracted foreign companies, bringing large amounts of both profit and competition their direction.

How did Southwest Asia change as a result of nationalism?

Because of the rise of nationalism, Turkey became a republic, Persia became Iran, and Saudi Arabia was formed.

What were the characteristics of trench warfare?

Parallel trenches were dug to protect armies from enemy fire. Despite their purpose of protection, the trenches were not safe. Soldiers were still threatened by artillery fire.

How did World War I bring about Russian Revolution?

Russians' unhappiness about participating in World War I turned into an uprising. This uprising led to an overthrow of the provisional government and a flood of change in Russia, known as the Russian Revolution.

Why did he Bolsheviks rename their party the communist party?

The Bolsheviks renamed themselves after Karl Marx's writings, which were an inspiration to their government.

Which countries comprised the Central Powers? Which countries comprised the Allies?

The Central Powers consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire. Great Britain, France, Russia, Japan, and Italy formed the Allies.

How did the Treaty of Versailles trigger the May Fourth Movement?

The Chinese expected to receive German territory in return of their assistance to the Allies during World War I. Instead of giving the territory to China, the Allies gift the territory to Japan, infuriating the Chinese. People all over China gathered, transforming the outrage into a movement.

What was the goal of Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points?

The Fourteen Points outlined a plan for the countries across the world to achieve both fair and lasting peace.

What started the civil war in China?

The Nationalists massacred Communists all over China. After the Chinese Communist Party was almost erased, remaining communists were infuriated. Their anger propelled China into a civil war.

What groups made up the Red Army and the White Army?

The Red Army consisted completely of Bolsheviks. The White Army was composed of groups who wanted rule by the czar, groups who wanted a democratic government, and groups who opposed the form of socialism Lenin practiced. The White Army operated solely on the fact that it opposed the Bolsheviks.

What factors contributed to Russia's war difficulties?

The Russian army was always short on the supplies needed for war, including food, guns, and ammunition. This was caused by the lack of industrialization in Russia along with the Central Powers' control over travel routes, making it difficult to receive shipments of supplies.

Who were the members of the Triple Alliance? The Triple Entente?

The Triple Alliance consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. The Triple Entente was composed of Great Britain, France, and Russia.

How did Gandhi's tactics of civil disobedience affect the British?

The boycotts Gandhi led hurt Britain's economy. The lack of expenses made it difficult for Britain to keep trains running, factories working, and jails from overflowing. Riots were an issue as well.

What are some ways totalitarian leaders keep their power?

Totalitarian leaders use terror, propaganda, indoctrination, censorship, and religious/ethnic persecution to keep power.

What role did women play in the war?

Views of women were changed when they replaced men in factories, offices, and shops. Women handled men's duties at home and supplied troops with food, weapons, and nursing during wartime.