Chem M01A, Chapter 2
Atomic Symbol Notation
Atomic symbol preceded by the mass number over atomic number
isotopes
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons; differ in mass
Which postulate of Dalton's atomic theory of matter is NOT true? A) Atoms of a given element are identical B) Atoms are indestructible C) Atoms combine in simple ratios to form compounds D) Both (A) and (B)
Both (A) and (B)
What is the correct IUPAC name for CoCl₂ ?
Cobalt (II) Chloride *CoCl2*
What is the correct IUPAC name for CoO?
Cobalt (II) Oxide *Co2O* because it is a transition metal
isomers
Compounds with the same formula but different structures.
What is the correct IUPAC name for Au₂O₃?
Gold (III) Oxide *Because it balances out to AuO3*
periods
Horizontal rows on the periodic table
Plum Pudding Model
J.J Thomsons model of an atom, in which he thought electrons were randomly distributed within a positively charged cloud
Which scientist determined the charge of the electron?
Robert Millikan
What is the correct IUPAC name for AgI?
Silver Iodide
groups
Vertical columns on the periodic table
What is the correct IUPAC name for AlN?
aluminum nitride
How can you find the number of protons?
atomic number
Charges with Roman numerals are only required for:
metals that can form cations (positive ions) with different charges *usually transition metals require this!*
Which has a greater mass? A) Electron B) Proton C) They have equal masses D) Not enough information
proton
What is the correct IUPAC name for Ag₂S?
silver sulfide
The Millikan oil drop experiment determined:
the charge of the electron
The cathode ray tube experiment determined:
the existence of electrons
law of multiple proportions
whenever two elements form more than one compound, the different masses of one element that combine with the same mass of the other element are in the ratio of small whole numbers
structural formula
a formula that shows the arrangement of atoms in the molecule of a compound.
empirical formula
a formula with the lowest whole-number ratio of elements in a compound
Dalton's atomic theory
-Matter is composed of exceedingly small particles called atoms. An atom is the smallest unit of an element that can participate in a chemical change. An element consists of only one type of atom, which has a mass that is characteristic of the element and is the same for all atoms of that element -Atoms of one element differ in properties from atoms of all other elements. -A compound consists of atoms of two or more elements combined in a small, whole-number ratio. In a given compound, the numbers of atoms of each of its elements are always present in the same ratio -Atoms are neither created nor destroyed during a chemical change, but are instead rearranged to yield substances that are different from those present before the change
Rutherford's gold foil experiment determined that:
most of the space in an atom is empty except for a concentrated area called the nucleus
How do you find the mass number?
protons + neutrons
The nucleus of an atom contains:
protons and neutrons
What is the correct IUPAC name for Al₂S₃?
aluminum sulfide