Chemistry Chapter 2 Test

A physical property is a quality or condition of a substance that can be _____________ or ______________ without changing the substance's composition

1) observed 2) measured

sodium chloride is a ___________ of sodium, which is a soft ________, and chloride, which is pale yellow _______

1)combination 2)metal 3)gas

Which phase best describes an apple? A)heterogeneous mixture B)homogeneous compound C)heterogeneous substance D) homogeneous mixture

A) heterogeneous mixture

Which of the is not a physical state of matter? A)water B)gas C)liquid D)solid

A)Water

Which of the following is not a chemical change? A) paper being shredded B) steel rusting C) charcoal burning D) newspaper yellowing in the sun

A)paper being shredded

The state of matter characterized by a definite volume and an indefinite shape is a A)solid B)liquid C)mixture D)gas

B)liquid

Which element is paired with the wrong symbol? A) sulfur; S B)potassium; P C) nitrogen; N D) calcium; Ca

B)potassium; P

_____________ ___________ is the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change.

Chemical Properties

___________ _____________: Ability to undergo a chemical change.

Chemical Property

____________ _________: a change in which one or more reactants change into one or more products; characterized by the breaking of bonds in reactants and the formation of bonds in products

Chemical reaction

A physical change alters a given material without changing its chemical ____________

Composition

Carbon monoxide is an example of a _______________

Compound

____________: Substance with two or more elements combined in a fixed proportion.

Compounds

Which of these properties could not be used to distinguish between table salt and table sugar? A)boiling point B)melting point C) density D) color

D) color

Solids have _________ shape and _________ volume

Definite Definite

Liquids have ________ shape and ________ volume

Definite Indefinite

_____________: Process that separates mixtures using differences in their boiling points.

Distillation

Zinc is an example of an _______________

Element

______________: Simplest form of matter with unique set of properties.

Elements

_________ property- depends on the amount of matter (mass/volume)

Extensive

T/F: a heterogeneous mixture is one that has a complete uniform composition

False

T/F: all samples of a substance have different physical properties

False

T/F: the words gas and vapor describe the same thing

False

__________________: Process that separates a solid from a liquid.

Filtration

A vertical column in a periodic table is a __________

Group

________________ - Not uniform composition

Heterogeneous

A mushroom is an example of a _______________ mixture

Heterogenous

Air is an example of a _______________ mixture

Homogeneous

________________- Uniform composition throughout. They could be solids (stainless steel), liquids (olive oil), gases (air)

Homogeneous

Gases have _______ shape and ________ volume

Indefinite Indefinite

______ _____ ____________ ________: Mass is conserved in a chemical and a physical change.

Law of Conservation of Mass:

The _________ of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains

Mass

A ____________ is a physical blend of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

Mixture

______________ may vary in composition

Mixtures

__________ ___________ qualities of conditions that are observable

Physical Properties

___________ is a solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture

Precipitate

_______ is a substance produced in a chemical reaction

Product

_________is a substance present at the start of a reaction

Reactant

What is another name for homogeneous mixtures?

Solution

Matter that has a uniform and definite composition is called a ________________

Substance

elements are placed on the table by increasing __________ __________

atomic nuber

Chemical _____________ are known as chemical reactions:

changes

compounds are substances that can be separated ini simpler substances only by __________ means

chemical

each element is represented by a __________ _________

chemical symbol

which term describes a pat of a sample having uniform composition and properties? a)solution b)mixture c)state d)phase

d)phase

the periodic table shows information about _____________

elements

T/F: elements can be easily separated into simpler parts

false

____________Property - Depends on the type of matter(Absorbancy, Composition)

intensive

physical change (_________)- the changes made cannot be changed

irreversible

this example shows what type of change:Cutting, filing, and cracking.

irreversible physical change

a horizontal row on the periodic table is called a ________

period

___________- Describe any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties.

phase

physical change (___________)- the changes made can go back

reversible

this example shows what type of change: Changing the State of matter - from solid to liquid, etc.

reversible physical change

__________ is matter that has a uniform and defiant composition also known as pure matter

substance

____________ have fixed composition.

substances

Total mass of the reactants = _____ ____ __________________

total mass of the products.

T/F: the elements that make up a compound are always present in the same proportions

true

T/F: the properties of compounds are different form those of their component elements

true

T/F: most samples of matter are mixtures

True

T/F: physical properties can help a chemist identify a substance

True

____________ describes the gaseous state of a substance that is generally a liquid or solid at room temperature

Vapor

_________ : a measure of the space occupied by a sample of matter

Volume