Chemistry Cumulative Exam Review

Propane (C3 H8 (g), mc015-1.jpgHf = -103.8 kJ/mol) reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide (CO2 , mc015-2.jpgHf = -393.5 kJ/mol ) and water (H2 O, mc015-3.jpgHf = -241.82 kJ/mol) according to the equation below. mc015-4.jpg What is the enthalpy of combustion (per mole) of C3 H8 (g)? Use mc015-5.jpg. -2,044.0 kJ/mol -531.5 kJ/mol 531.5 kJ/mol 2,044.0 kJ/mol

-2,044.0 kJ/mol

The combustion of glucose, C6 H12 O6 (s), produces carbon dioxide, CO2 (g), and water, H2 O(g), according to the equation below. mc020-1.jpg The enthalpy of the reaction is -2,840 kJ. What is the heat of combustion, per mole, of glucose? -2,840 kJ/mol -473.3 kJ/mol 473.3 kJ/mol 2,840 kJ/mol

-2,840 kJ/mol

A 150 mL sample of hydrochloric acid (HCl) completely reacted with 60.0 mL of a 0.100 M NaOH solution. The equation for the reaction is given below. HCl + NaOH mc011-1.jpg NaCl + H2O What was the original concentration of the HCl solution? 0.040 M 0.25 M 1.50 M 2.50 M

0.040 M

A scientist is examining a mixture of nitrogen, hydrogen, and ammonia. The individual pressures that are exerted by nitrogen and hydrogen are 0.26 atm and 0.28 atm, respectively. If the total pressure is 0.90 atm, what is the partial pressure of ammonia? Use mc016-1.jpg. 0.27 atm 0.36 atm 0.54 atm 0.90 atm

0.36 atm

The molar heat of fusion for water is 6.01 kJ/mol. How much energy is released when 36.8 g of water freezes at its freezing point? Use mc030-1.jpg. 6.12 kJ 12.3 kJ 108 kJ 221 kJ

12.3 kJ

A chemist dilutes a 1.0 mL sample of 2.0 M KNO3 by adding water to it. If the concentration of the solution that is obtained is 0.0080 M, what is its volume? Use mc016-1.jpg. 125 mL 250 mL 500 mL 2,000 mL

250 mL

Calculate the molar solubility of Ag2CrO4 in water. Use 1.10 x 10-12 as the solubility product constant of Ag2CrO4. 7.42 x 10-7 M 1.05 x 10-6 M 6.50 x 10-5 M 1.03 x 10-4 M

6.50 x 10-5 M

Consider the chemical equation below. mc019-1.jpg Which is the net ionic equation? mc019-2.jpg mc019-3.jpg mc019-4.jpg mc019-5.jpg

A

A substance is dissolved in water and produces hydronium ions. This occurs when hydrogen ions move from the substance to associate with water molecules. Which term best matches the behavior of this substance? Arrhenius base Arrhenius acid Bronsted-Lowry base Bronsted-Lowry acid

Arrhenius acid

According to the enthalpy diagram below, which of the following statements is true? mc026-1.jpg Arrows A and D represent the enthalpy of the intermediate chemical reactions. Arrow C represents the enthalpy of the overall chemical reaction. Arrow C indicates that the third intermediate reaction is exothermic. Arrow B indicates that the second intermediate reaction is exothermic.

Arrow C indicates that the third intermediate reaction is exothermic.

Which proportionality shows the result of combining Avogadro's law with Boyle's law? mc029-1.jpg mc029-2.jpg mc029-3.jpg mc029-4.jpg

B

An ice cube is dropped into a glass of milk at 20°C. Which statement explains the transfer of kinetic energy (KE)? Because milk has higher KE than ice, KE is transferred from the milk to the molecules of ice. Because milk has higher KE than ice, KE is transferred from the molecules of ice to the milk. Because ice has higher KE than milk, KE is transferred from the milk to the molecules of ice. Because ice has higher KE than milk, KE is transferred from the molecules of ice to the milk.

Because milk has higher KE than ice, KE is transferred from the milk to the molecules of ice.

Consider the reaction below. Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) mc013-1.jpg Cu(s) + FeSO4(aq) Which reactant is a substance that is dissolved in solution? Fe Cu CuSO4 FeSO4

CuSO4

Which statement describes the law of conservation of energy? All systems will exchange matter and energy with their surroundings. All systems can exchange energy, but not matter, with their surroundings. Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but it changes from one form to another. Energy is destroyed in most chemical reactions when new products are formed.

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but it changes from one form to another.

Which energy changes are associated with a liquid freezing? Energy is released as potential energy increases. Energy is absorbed as potential energy increases. Energy is released as potential energy decreases. Energy is absorbed as potential energy decreases.

Energy is released as potential energy decreases.

Consider the reaction pathway graph below. mc020-1.jpg Which of the following explains the importance of the activation energy acting as a barrier for reactants? It prevents most reactions from occurring spontaneously. It ensures the activated complexes remain stable. It allows energy to be released slowly from products. It stops the activated complexes from ever forming.

It prevents most reactions from occurring spontaneously.

Which salt is produced when NH4OH reacts with HNO3? KNO2 NaNO3 NH4NO3 NH4NO2

NH4NO3

Which is true about reaction rates? High reaction rates occur only in spontaneous reactions. Low reaction rates occur only in nonspontaneous reactions. Reaction rates are not dependent on high or low activation energies. Reaction rates are not related to spontaneity.

Reaction rates are not related to spontaneity.

Which statement best describes salts? Salts form from hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in neutralization reactions. Most salts do not dissociate when dissolved in water. Most salts form solutions that are neutral. Solutions of salt and water conduct electricity.

Solutions of salt and water conduct electricity.

According to Le Chatelier's principle, a change in pressure affects the chemical equilibrium of the reaction system under what condition? The reactants and the products are in the solid phase. The reactants and the products are in the liquid phase. Some of the reactants or the products are in the gaseous phase. Some of the reactants or the products are solid, and some are liquid.

Some of the reactants or the products are in the gaseous phase.

Consider the following chemical reaction of bromothymol blue indicator. It appears yellow in undissociated form and blue in its dissociated aqueous solution. HC2H3O2(aq) mc012-1.jpg H+(aq) + C2H3O2-(aq) yellow blue What will be the color of the solution if a large amount of H2CO3 is added? The solution will remain yellow. The solution will turn blue. The solution will turn pink. The solution will turn green.

The solution will remain yellow.

Brownian motion is not observed in a mixture that includes two phases. Which best identifies the mixture? a colloid a suspension a solution an alloy

a suspension

When ammonium chloride is dissolved in water, the beaker gets cold. Which type of reaction does this describe? exothermic endothermic both exothermic and endothermic neither exothermic nor endothermic

endothermic

Which of these factors will cause a solid solute to dissolve faster? increasing the air temperature increasing the amount of solute increasing the amount of solvent increasing the surface area of solute

increasing the surface area of solute

A solution contains 90 mL of methanol, 18 mL of propanol, and 2 mL of diethyl ether. Which is the solvent in this solution? methanol propanol diethyl ether water

methanol