Chemistry
When should a line graph be used? A. When the independent variable is continuous and shows a causal link to the dependent variable. B. When the independent variable is continuous and does not show a relationship to the dependent variable. C. When there is no independent variable. D. When the independent variable is composed of categories and does not show a relationship.
A
Which of the following is NOT a negative effect of the way we use science? A. Damage to the sun B. Overuse of resources C. Pollution D. Climate Change
A
Which of the following is NOT a type of scientist? A. Cryptologist B. Geologist C. Botanist D. Meteorologist
A
Which of the following is NOT an example of pseudoscience? A. Vaccines B. Psychics C. Acupuncture D. Healing crystals
A
Which of the following is a consequence of humans using fossil fuels? A. All of these B. More severe storms C. Destruction of habitats D. Rising sea level
A
Which of the following is an example of frontier research? A. Discovering the nature of dark matter. B. Testing the electrical resistance of different materials. C. Investigating how organisms are made of cells. D. Researching how animals on the Great Plains interact.
A
Which of the following is an example of pseudoscience? A. Horoscopes B. Biology C. Electromagnetism D. Radiometric dating
A
Which of the following is not supported by reliable evidence? A. Flat Earth theory B. Big Bang Theory C. The Moon Landing D. Discovery of the atom
A
Which of the following is the best choice for testing a specific hypothesis? A. Scientific method B. Pseudoscience C. Investigation D. Inquiry
A
Who was persecuted by the Church for proving the universe did not revolve around Earth? A. Galileo B. Darwin C. Kepler D. Da Vinci
A
Why is Darwin's theory of Evolution by Natural Selection not 'just a theory?' A. A hypothesis does not become a theory until it is already supported by evidence. B. It does not rely on dependent variables, only independent variables. C. It is just a theory, it is equivalent to a guess. D. It has more evidence than a hypothesis, but less than a law.
A
Why is scientific knowledge more reliable than other types of knowledge? A. Because false hypotheses are discarded, and results are peer reviewed by other experts to ensure accuracy. B. Because science only uses facts that are proven 100% true through the use of variables. C. Science is not more reliable. D. Because scientists are more reliable than other people.
A
Why might an idea or hypothesis be discarded? A. If it is tested and the evidence does not support it. B. If evidence also supports another hypothesis. C. If another scientist doesn't like it. D. If a politician disagrees with it.
A
You are a research scientist studying bioluminescent bacteria (bacteria that can glow). You grow several plates of bacteria and give them a special chemical that you hypothesize will increase their luminescence, or brightness. You turn off the lights and use a device called a photometer to measure the light levels (in lumens) coming from each plate. You collect the following data:Plate 1: 7 lumens, 6 lumens, 13 lumensPlate 2: 4 lumens, 5 lumens, 7 lumensPlate 3: 3 lumens, 6 lumens, 7 lumensPlate 4: 5 lumens, 5 lumens, 8 lumensWhich of the following pieces of data is likely an outlier? A. Plate 1, trial 3 B. Plate 4, trial 2 C. Plate 2, trial 1 D. Plate 3, trial 1
A
What factors are most important when deciding what information to use? A. It must agree with your ideas and be reliable. B. It must be unbiased and verifiable. C. It must agree with your ideas and be from secondary data. D. It must be verifiable and from primary data.
B
What is Science? A. A collection of accumulated knowledge. B. Both of these. C. The process of accumulating reliable knowledge. D. None of these.
B
What is data that is not directly collected or observed by the scientist called? A. Research data B. Secondary data C. Adjunct data D. Derivative data
B
What would you use to measure an amount of solid sodium chloride(NaCl) crystals to add to a 30 mL solution? A. Spectrophotometer that measures between 100 and 900 nanometers. B. Triple Beam Balance that measures to the nearest 0.1 grams. C. Scale that can weigh up to 250 lbs. D. 10 ml graduated cylinder.
B
Which of the following is NOT an example of bias? A. Pro high fructose corn syrup advertisements paid for by corn farmers. B. Anti smoking article written by the National Health Association. C. Pro ADHD medicine article written by pharmaceutical company. D. Anti biofuel article written by a journalist working for an oil company.
B
Which of the following is an example of a non-falsifiable hypothesis? A. There is no life on Mars. B. There is a teacup orbiting the Milky Way galaxy. C. Humans cannot live without the amino acid Methionine. D. The human species started in Africa.
B
Which of the following is an example of an informed opinion? A. Horoscopes are accurate because they always get aspects of my personality correct. B. Organic foods are not always healthier because the World Health Organization published data showing many natural pesticides to be more toxic than regular ones. C. Organic foods are healthier because an online blog said they only use natural pesticides. D. Feng shui is real because I felt happier when I rearranged my living room.
B
Which of the following is not a type of variable in a scientific experiment? A. Control B. Observation C. Independent D. Dependent
B
A control variable is: A. Changed to test a hypothesis. B. Measured to show the effect of a change. C. Kept the same to make an experiment a fair test. D. Collected to draw conclusions.
C
A dependent variable is: A. Changed to test a hypothesis. B. Collected to draw conclusions. C. Measured to show the effect of a change. D. Kept the same to make an experiment a fair test.
C
A scientist is testing the effectiveness of Drug X on cancer. She gives a small amount of the drug to mice that have cancer. She gives each mouse a different amount from 1 to 10 grams, and then measures the size of the tumor in each mouse before the drugs and two weeks after the drugs. She gives one of the mice sugar instead of Drug X. What is her independent variable in this experiment? A. The size of the tumor before Drug X B. The mouse that received sugar instead of Drug X. C. The amount of Drug X given to the mice. D. The size of the tumor after Drug X
C
A student is conducting their science experiment on the effect of caffeine on dogs. He has 3 groups of test subjects. The 1st group of dogs receives plain water. The 2nd group of dogs receives 10 mg of caffeine each, and the 3rd group receives 50 mg of caffeine each. He will measure their activity levels by recording how long each dog runs without stopping, after giving them the pills. What is the control group in this experiment? A. How the activity levels are measured. B. The dogs that receive 10 mg of caffeine. C. The dogs that receive water. D. How the caffeine is given to the dogs.
C
A scientist is testing the effectiveness of Drug X on cancer. She gives a small amount of the drug to mice that have cancer. She gives each mouse a different amount from 1 to 10 grams, and then measures the size of the tumor in each mouse before the drugs and two weeks after the drugs. She gives one of the mice sugar instead of Drug X. What is her dependent variable in this experiment? A. The amount of Drug X given to the mice. B. The size of the tumor before Drug X. C. The mouse that received sugar instead of Drug X. D. The size of the tumor after Drug X.
D
A solar panel converts _________ energy to ________ energy. A. chemical, kinetic B. electrical, light C. potential, electrical D. light, electrical
D
After an experiment is complete and has been published, what process makes sure the results are reliable? A. Error bars B. The Conclusion C. Falsifiability D. Peer review
D
Determine if the following statement is true or false, and why. "A hypothesis can be proven true." A. True B. False, it should read "A hypothesis cannot be tested." C. False, it should read "A hypothesis can't be proven true if it is falsifiable." D. False, it should read "A hypothesis can only be proven false."
D
Elastic energy is stored when an object is stretched. Is this an example of potential or kinetic energy? A. Neither B. Kinetic C. Both D. Potential
D
How does Inquiry differ from the Scientific Method? A. Inquiry is more linear, while the Scientific Method is more open ended. B. There is no difference, they are the same thing. C. The Inquiry process does not use hypotheses, while the Scientific Method does. D. Inquiry is more open ended, while the Scientific Method is more linear.
D
How is a hypothesis different from a guess? A. It is different because an experiment has provided evidence to support the guess. B. It is different because it is a scientist making the guess. C. It is not different, a hypothesis is only a guess. D. It is different because the person making the hypothesis has done research on the topic first.
D
How many variables are altered in a good experiment? A. 0 B. 2 C. 3 D. 1
D
Selecting resources with reliable credentials and expertise is _____________________________. A. important for scientific research only B. only important when you are looking for medical advice C. not important, everyone's ideas are equally valid D. important for any information you look up, on any topic
D
The Fukishima nuclear reactor in Japan had an accident in 2011 when it was hit by an earthquake. The reactor exploded and released a great deal of damaging radiation. Where did the energy for the explosion come from? A. The radiation waves. B. The nucleus of a cell. C. The radiation particles. D. The nucleus of an atom.
D
The overall take-away of an experiment's results is the ___________. A. introduction B. hypothesis C. analysis D. conclusion
D
What are the only things that can change in a valid experiment? A. Control variable and Range B. Independent variable and Hypothesis C. Control variable and Dependent variable D. Dependent and Independent Variable
D
What does a botanist study? A. Matter B. Boats C. Chemicals D. Plants
D
What does a meteorologist study? A. All rocks from space B. Meteors C. The moon D. Weather
D
What invention in the 1400's revolutionized the way knowledge could be spread? A. The newspaper B. The telephone C. The internet D. The printing press
D
What is it called when scientific experts agree a particular theory or idea is correct based on the evidence available? A. Collective agreement B. A fact C. Scientific research D. Scientific consensus
D
What is science? A. A hypothesis B. The methods of using a microscope C. An experiment D. A way of knowing
D
When should a bar graph be used? A. When there is no independent variable. B. When the independent variable is continuous and shows a causal link to the dependent variable. C. When the independent variable is continuous and does not show a relationship to the dependent variable. D. When the independent variable is composed of categories and does not show a relationship.
D
When someone challenges your opinion, you should A. ignore them, their opinion doesn't matter when you have already formed your own opinion. B. accept their opinion as correct, especially if they have a degree. C. repeat your opinion again until they are convinced. D. acknowledge their opinion and make sure you have a valid argument to respond with. If you do not have a valid argument, you may be in the wrong.
D
Which of the following is supported by reliable evidence? A. Intelligent Design B. Detoxing C. Homeopathy D. Theory of Gravity
D
Which of the following sources would be most likely to have reliable data? A. Fox news B. TMZ C. Wikipedia D. New England Journal of Medicine
D
Who is responsible for our current climate change? Why? A. Asteroids, when they burn up in the atmosphere they release chemicals that trap heat. B. It is natural, it has happened at the same rate before. C. We don't know, there is no scientific evidence for it. D. Humans, Increased release of CO2 from burning fossil fuels.
D
Why are dark matter and dark energy described as "dark"? A. Because they emit blackbody radiation. B. Because they are only found in shadows. C. Because they absorb light. D. Because we cannot easily detect them.
D
What can a line graph be used to do? Select the best answer. A. Make predictions B. Identify negative correlation C. Make comparisons D. Identify positive correlation
A
What energy transfer is occurring when wood is burning? A. Chemical to heat and light B. Elastic to light and nuclear C. Potential to kinetic and sound D. Nuclear to chemical and heat
A
What is a hypothesis? A. A proposed explanation based on observations, scientific knowledge or logic B. An explanation of scientific phenomena developed after experimentation C. A guess D. A type of syringe used in medicine
A
What type of energy transfer is taking place when someone plays a violin? A. Kinetic energy to sound energy B. Sound energy to heat energy C. Elastic energy to electromagnetic energy D. Potential energy to kinetic energy
A
A hypothesis is a(n) ______________, while a theory is a(n) ______________. A. educated guess based on observations, set of tested hypothesis that explains why something happens B. set of tested hypothesis that explains why something happens, educated guess based on observations. C. guess made after researching and experimenting, guess made before researching and experimenting D. guess made before researching and experimenting, guess made after researching and experimenting
A
A student is conducting an experiment that involves adding hydrochloric acid to various minerals to detect if they have carbonates in them. The student holds a mineral up and adds hydrochloric acid to it. The acid runs down the side and onto the student's hand causing irritation and a minor burn. If they had done a risk assessment first, how would this situation be different? A. The student would have no injuries because he would know hydrochloric acid is dangerous and would be wearing gloves when using it. B. The student would not have picked up the mineral because he would know that some of the minerals have dangerous chemicals in them. C. The student would be safer because he would have been wearing goggles, but his hand still would not have been protected. D. It would be the same, there is no way to predict the random chance of acid dripping off the mineral in a risk assessment.
A
A student is conducting their science experiment on the effect of caffeine on dogs. He has 3 groups of test subjects. The 1st group of dogs receives plain water. The 2nd group of dogs receives 10 mg of caffeine each, and the 3rd group receives 50 mg of caffeine each. He will measure their activity levels by recording how long each dog runs without stopping, after giving them the pills. What is the dependent variable in this experiment? A. The amount of activity. B. The amount of caffeine given. C. The dogs that receive water. D. The amount of dogs tested.
A
A student is conducting their science experiment on the effect of caffeine on dogs. He has 3 groups of test subjects. The 1st group of dogs receives plain water. The 2nd group of dogs receives 10 mg of caffeine each, and the 3rd group receives 50 mg of caffeine each. He will measure their activity levels by recording how long each dog runs without stopping, after giving them the pills. What is the independent variable in this experiment? A. The amount of caffeine given. B. The amount of dogs tested. C. The amount of activity. D. The dogs that receive water.
A
A student is conducting their science experiment on the effects of sugar on bullfrogs. He has 3 groups of test subjects. 1 group of frogs that receives nothing, they are the control group. The 2nd group of frogs receives half a sugar pill each, and the 3rd group receives a whole sugar pill each. He will measure their activity levels and jump heights after giving them the pills. When he is setting up his data table, what should go in the first column? A. Amount of sugar given. B. Measurements of jump height. C. Results of the control group. D. Results of the activity levels.
A
A student is investigating the affect of different salts on melting points. Four patches of ice of equal size are roped off and a different type of salt is poured on each, one receives table salt (NaCl), one receives Calcium Chloride (CaCl2), one receives Potassium Carbonate (KCO3) and the fourth receives inert sand instead. Each patch receives an equal amount of salt or sand. What could the student investigate? A. How quickly the ice patches melt. B. The amount of oxygen released as each ice patch melts. C. The air temperature near each ice patch. D. Amount of sand absorbed.
A
In an experiment to determine the acceleration due to gravity, one student drops a tennis ball out of the school's third floor window. Another student starts a timer when the first student lets go and stops the timer when the ball hits the ground. They conduct the experiment once and record the data. Is this a valid experiment, why or why not? A. No, it is not valid because they did not have any repeat trials. B. No, it is not valid because the short distance means there will be a lot of error due to the student's reaction time. C. No, it is not valid because they are only dropping one item. D. Yes it is valid.
A
Many people use a microwave oven to cook their food. When it is turned on, what type of energy transfer is taking place? A. Electrical to electromagnetic B. Nuclear to heat C. Electromagnetic to sound D. Electrical to chemical
A
On a trip to the African Savannah a biologist studies the hunting methods of Cheetahs. Using a radar gun, he measures the speed of Cheetahs while they are chasing prey. He records the following data for their top speeds: 75 mph, 74 mph, 77 mph, 79 mph, 80 mph, 76 mph. What is the average top speed of the Cheetahs? A. 77 mph B. 461 mph C. 76 mph D. 80 mph
A
Overall, how has science impacted human health? A. Increased average lifespan to 78 in the US. B. It has had no effect. C. Increase in pollution has lead to a decrease in average lifespan. D. More types of surgery, so more unsafe procedures.
A
A hypothesis that is non-falsifiable is ___________. A. scientific B. not scientific C. fasle D. true
B
A scientist is studying the effects of growing human populations on the biodiversity that can be found in a region. Each region selected had a different population density of humans from 1 to 10 million per 10 square miles. Then in each region the number of different species that can be found was recorded. What type of variable is the dependent variable in this experiment? A. None of these. B. Discrete C. Ordered D. CategoricB
B
After you have finished a research experiment and come to a conclusion, what should your next step be? A. Create a graph. B. Evaluate the reliability of your experiment. C. Run the experiment again. D. Research background information about your topic.
B
During which part of the scientific method would error bars be used? A. Research B. Analysis C. Conclusion D. Hypothesis
B
Every energy transfer device dissipates some amount of energy as ________ during the energy transfer. A. matter B. heat C. gas D. electricity
B
If everyone on the planet used the same amount of resources as an average American, what percent of the Earth would need to be used to support everyone? A. 200% B. 150% C. 75% D. 50%
B
Information collected directly with the senses is a(n) _____________. A. hypothesis B. observation C. inference D. inquiry
B
Listening to music on your headphones converts __________ energy to __________ energy. A. potential, thermal B. electrical, sound C. kinetic, electromagnetic D. chemical, elastic
B
Overuse of resources is a serious issue that will affect generations to come. Identify which practice is NOT being used, or researched, to help this issue. A. Genetically modifying food B. Creating more fossil fuels C. Mining asteroids D. Desalinating water
B
Shooting a rock with a slingshot converts _________ energy to _________ energy. A. kinetic, potential B. elastic, kinetic C. potential, thermal D. sound, light
B
The Law of Conservation of Energy states that: A. Energy must always be conserved, or it will run out. B. Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transformed. C. None of these. D. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
B
The movement of electrons is what type of energy? A. Magnetic energy B. Electrical energy C. Charge energy D. Kinetic energy
B
A student is investigating the affect of different salts on melting points. Four patches of ice of equal size are roped off and a different type of salt is poured on each, one receives table salt (NaCl), one receives Calcium Chloride (CaCl2), one receives Potassium Carbonate (KCO3) and the fourth receives inert sand instead. Each patch receives an equal amount of salt or sand. The student measures the volume of ice remaining and subtracts it from the original volume of ice to see how much melted away. What is a control variable in this experiment? A. The type of salt applied to the ice. B. None of these. C. The size of the ice patches. D. The amount of ice that melted.
C
A student is investigating the affect of different salts on melting points. Four patches of ice of equal size are roped off and a different type of salt is poured on each, one receives table salt (NaCl), one receives Calcium Chloride (CaCl2), one receives Potassium Carbonate (KCO3) and the fourth receives inert sand instead. Each patch receives an equal amount of salt or sand. The student measures the volume of ice remaining and subtracts it from the original volume of ice to see how much melted away. What is the dependent variable? A. The size of the ice patches. B. The type of salt applied to the ice. C. The amount of ice that melted. D. The ice that received sand.
C
A student working on their science experiment places four potato squares into solutions of Iodine and measures how far the Iodine diffuses into the potato. The measurements are: 2.1 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.3 mm, and 2.2 mm. What is the average diffusion distance? A. 4 mm B. 2.05 mm C. 2.1 mm D. 8.4 mm
C
An independent variable is that which is: A. Kept constant. B. Measured by the scientist. C. Changed by the scientist. D. Observed to develop a hypothesis.
C
An inference is: A. A proposed explanation that is falsifiable. B. Any piece of information you collect directly with your senses. C. A conclusion reached using an indirect observation. D. An educated guess.
C
Currently, the world population is about: A. 1.2 trillion B. 700 million C. 7 billion D. 450 million
C
Determine whether the statement is true or false, and why. "If a theory becomes supported by evidence, it can become a law." A. False, it should read, "If a theory becomes supported by evidence, it can become a hypothesis." B. False, it should read, "A theory and a hypothesis are already equally supported by evidence, but they have different functions." C. False, it should read, "A theory and a law are already both supported by evidence and are equal, but they have different functions." D. True
C
If enough experimental data supports a hypothesis, then it: A. Is falsified. B. Is proven 100% true. C. Is accepted as true until proven false. D. Becomes an Observational Law
C
Put the steps of the scientific method in order. A. Hypothesis -> Experiment -> Conclusion -> Question -> Research -> Analysis B. Research -> Question -> Hypothesis -> Experiment -> Analysis -> Conclusion C. Question -> Research -> Hypothesis -> Experiment -> Analysis -> Conclusion D. Research -> Hypothesis -> Experiment ->Question -> Conclusion -> Analysis
C
The energy transfers occurring in a car engine change chemical energy into ________ . I. kinetic energy II. sound energy III. heat energy A. I and II B. I and III C. I, II, and III D. Only I
C
Validity of an experiment is based upon: A. Using a control group. B. Performing a fair test, in which only the dependent variable affects the independent variable. C. Performing a fair test in which only the independent variable affects the dependent variable. D. Using multiple independent variables.
C
What is a 'control' in an experiment? A. The variable controlled by the scientist to affect the dependent variable. B. A person who oversees the experiment to make sure it is following proper procedures. C. A version of the experiment that is unchanged to make sure the experimental data is not due to chance. D. The name for the set of independent and dependent variables that will be controlled by the scientist.
C
What is a hypothesis? A. A guess. B. An explanation of scientific phenomena developed after experimentation. C. A proposed explanation based on observations, scientific knowledge or logic. D. A type of syringe used in medicine.
C
What would you use to measure the temperature variations between different areas of skin on different parts of the body? A. None of these. B. Domestic room thermometer that measures from -40 to 50 degrees Celsius, and has 0.5 degree divisions. C. Clinical thermometer with 0.1 degree divisions that measures from 10 to 45 degrees Celsius. D. Laboratory thermometer with 1degree Celsius divisions, up to 110 degrees Celsius.
C
When you are doing an experiment that will have multiple trials, how do you handle averages? A. Averages do not need to go in the data table, the reader can calculate it if they need to know it. B. Averages should never be used, they will cause rounding errors in the data. C. The individual trials and the averages should each have their own columns in the data table. D. Do not put each individual trial in the data table, average them and just put the average in the table.
C
Which of the following is an example of a device that transfers one type of energy into another? A. Chair B. Skateboard C. Toaster D. Wrench
C
Which of the following is an example of confirmation bias? A. An oil company has research done on the effects of drilling on the environment. It is found that in 87% of cases, there is a negative effect. The oil company only publishes the 13% that show a positive effect, or no negative effects. B. A researcher is studying the college readiness of American teens. He interviews 200 urban male teenagers from Philadelphia and finds that 85% say they are ready for college. The researcher concludes that 85% of all teenagers in America are ready for college. C. A journalist who does not think climate change is real is writing an article about climate change. In his article he cites one article that discusses how humans cannot be causing climate change, and ignores several other articles that discuss how humans can cause climate change. D. A pharmacologist is studying the effect of certain drugs on humans, and tells the test
C
Which of the following is most likely pseudoscience? A. A doctor recommends an antibiotic to cure an infection. B. A scientific journal explains the procedure of an experiment to determine the density of Earth's layers by detecting changes in the speed of waves passing through them. C. A salesman describes how sickness is caused when your body's energy is not flowing properly and his wristbands help balance your energies. D. The Environmental Protection Agency publishes weekly updates on the radiation levels at various beaches and warns vacationers not to sunbathe without using sunscreen.
C
Which of the following is not a component of a normal experiment? A. Dependent variable B. Control group C. Validity group D. Independent variable
C
Which of the following is not a type of energy? A. Light from a lightbulb. B. Electricity in a power cord. C. Smoke from a fire. D. Heat from an oven.
C
Which of the following research questions would be the most appropriate selection for a student studying space exploration? A. Have we been visited by aliens? B. Is space travel the future of human kind? C. What potential resources could be gained from the rise of asteroid mining? D. Should we stop funding NASA?
C
Which of the following things is a product of science? A. Basket weaving B. Astrology C. Modern bananas D. Singing
C
A lack of objectivity and impartiality is called _______. A. plagiarism B. reliability C. pseudoscience D. bias
D
A positive correlation ______ a causal link, and a negative correlation ______ a causal link. A. does not necessarily indicate, always indicates B. always indicates, always indicates C. always indicates, does not necessarily indicate D. does not necessarily indicate, does not necessarily indicate
D
A researcher is studying the science of attractiveness and asks volunteer test subjects to describe what trait they find most attractive when show images of different people. What type of variable is the dependent variable in this experiment? A. Continuous B. Ordered C. Concrete D. Categoric
D
