Chemistry Final
What is the molarity of a solution that contains 0.202 mol KCl in 7.98 L solution?
0.0253 M
What is the value of the gas constant?
0.0821 L*atm/mol*K
The standard molar volume of a gas at STP is
22.4 L
The standard molar volume of a gas at STP is
22.4 L.
The volume of a sample of oxygen is 300.0 mL when the pressure is 1.00 atm and the temperature is 27.0°C. At what temperature is the volume 1.00 L and the pressure 0.500 atm?
227
A given mass of air has a volume of 6.00 L at 101 kPa. At constant temperature, the pressure is decreased to 25.0 kPa. Calculate the final volume for the gas, as described by Boyle's law.
24.2 L
Chlorine is produced by the reaction 2HCl(g) ® H2(g) + Cl2(g). How many grams of HCl (36.5 g/mol) must be used to produce 10.0 L of chlorine at STP?
32.6 g
For the reaction SO3 + H2O ® H2SO4, how many grams of sulfur trioxide are required to produce 4.00 mol of sulfuric acid?
320g
How many atoms of fluorine are present in a molecule of carbon tetrafluoride, CF4?
4
A gas sample with a mass of 12.8 g exerts a pressure of 1.2 atm at 15°C and a volume of 3.94 L. What is the molar mass of the gas?
64g/mol
For the reaction 2Na + Cl2 ® 2NaCl, calculate the percent yield if 200. g of chlorine react with excess sodium to produce 240. g of sodium chloride.
72.8g
For the reaction Mg + 2HCl ® H2 + MgCl2, calculate the percent yield of magnesium chloride if 100. g of magnesium react with excess hydrochloric acid to yield 330. g of magnesium chloride.
84.2g
When the equation Fe3O4 + Al ® Al2O3 + Fe is correctly balanced, what is the coefficient of Fe?
9
Name the compound Fe(NO3)2.
iron(II) nitrate
In the chemical reaction wA + xB ® yC + zD, a comparison of the number of moles of A to the number of moles of C would be a(n)
mole ratio
A balanced chemical equation allows one to determine the
mole ratio of any two substances in the reaction.
An acid-base titration involves a
neutralization reaction
Name the compound Ni(ClO3)2.
nickel(II) chlorate
Argon, krypton, and xenon are
noble gases
If two covalently bonded atoms are identical, the bond is
nonpolar covalent.
At constant temperature and pressure, gas volume is directly proportional to the
number of moles of gas.
What is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, multiplied by 100%?
percent yield
The periodic table
permits the properties of an element to be predicted before the element is discovered.
Name the compound KClO3.
potassium chlorate
According to VSEPR theory, the structure of the ammonia molecule, NH3, is
pyramidal
Name the compound SiO2.
silicon dioxide
The equation A + BX ® AX + B is the general equation for a
single-replacement reaction.
Sugar in water is an example of which solute-solvent combination?
solid-liquid
If the amount of dissolved solute in a solution at a given temperature is greater than the amount that can permanently remain in solution at that temperature, the solution is said to be
supersaturated
The reaction 2Mg(s) + O2(g) ® 2MgO(s) is a
synthesis reaction
Use VSEPR theory to predict the shape of the carbon tetraiodide molecule, CI4.
tetrahedral
VSEPR theory is a model for predicting
the shape of molecules.
Name the compound Zn3(PO4)2.
zinc phosphate
What is the formula for aluminum sulfate?
Al2(SO4)3
Which of the following statements about gases is false?
All gases are colorless and odorless at room temperature.
The volume of a gas collected when the temperature is 11.0°C and the pressure is 710 mm Hg measures 14.8 mL. What is the calculated volume of the gas at 20.0°C and 740 mm Hg?
14.6 ml
At 7.0°C, the volume of a gas is 49 mL. At the same pressure, its volume is 74 mL at what temperature?
150°C
Calculate the approximate temperature of a 0.50 mol sample of gas at 750 mm Hg and a volume of 12 L.
15°C
In the equation 2KClO3 ® 2KCl + 3O2, how many moles of oxygen are produced when 3.0 mol of KClO3 decompose completely?
4.5 mol
For the reaction 2Na + 2H2O ® 2NaOH + H2, how many grams of hydrogen are produced if 120. g of sodium and 80. g of water are available?
4.5g
The pressure of a sample of helium is 2.0 atm in a 200-mL container. If the container is compressed to 10 mL without changing the temperature, what is the new pressure?
40.atm
Convert the pressure 0.75 atm to mm Hg.
570 mm Hg
What is the formula for barium hydroxide?
Ba(OH)2
Which of the following is a formula equation for the formation of carbon dioxide from carbon and oxygen?
C + O2 ® CO2
What is the formula for the compound formed by calcium ions and chloride ions?
CaCl2
Why does a collision with an air bag (a gas-filled bag) hurt less than a collision with a steering wheel (a solid)?
Particles of a gas are spread apart and compressible, while particles of a solid are held firmly in one position.
What is the formula for the compound formed by lead(II) ions and chromate ions?
PbCrO4
A sample of an ideal gas is kept at a temperature of 300 K, a volume of 1.45 L, and a pressure of 3.00 kPa. What additional information can be calculated about the gas? Assume that R, the ideal gas constant, is known.
The number of moles of the gas in the sample
What is the formula for zinc fluoride?
ZnF2
One significant difference between gases and liquids is that __________.
a gas assumes the volume of its container
What is the measured amount of a product obtained from a chemical reaction?
actual yield
Name the compound Al2S3.
aluminum sulfide
Name the compound CF4.
carbon tetrafluoride
A saturated solution
contains dissolved solute in equilibrium with undissolved solute
The reaction 2HgO(s) ® 2Hg(l) + O2(g) is a(n)
decomposition reaction.
As temperature increases, solubility of gases in liquids
decreases
What is the pressure exerted by 1.2 mol of a gas with a temperature of 20.ºC and a volume of 9.5 L?
3.0 atm
The Haber process for producing ammonia commercially is represented by the equation N2(g) + 3H2(g) ® 2NH3(g). To completely convert 9.0 mol hydrogen gas to ammonia gas, how many moles of nitrogen gas are required?
3.0 mol
An NaOH solution contains 1.90 mol of NaOH, and its concentration is 0.555 M. What is its volume?
3.42 L
A 1.00 L sample of a gas has a mass of 1.92 g at STP. What is the molar mass of the gas?
43.0 g/mol
Convert the pressure 0.600 atm to mm Hg.
456mm hg
A 425 mL sample of gas is collected at 780. mm Hg. If the temperature remains constant and the pressure falls to 680. mm Hg, what is the new volume?
488 ml
The volume of a gas is 5.0 L when the temperature is 5.0°C. If the temperature is increased to 10.0°C without changing the pressure, what is the new volume?
5.1 L
A given mass of air has a volume of 6.00 L at 80.0°C. At constant pressure, the temperature is decreased to 40.0°C. Calculate the final volume for the gas, as described by Charles's law.
5.32l
For the reaction 2Fe + O2 ® 2FeO, how many grams of iron oxide are produced from 8.00 mol of iron?
574g
Convert the pressure 0.840 atm to mm Hg.
638mm hg
A sample of oxygen occupies 560. mL when the pressure is 800.00 mm Hg. At constant temperature, what volume does the gas occupy when the pressure decreases to 700.0 mm Hg?
640. mL
A sample of oxygen occupies 560. mL when the pressure is 800.00 mm Hg. At constant temperature, what volume does the gas occupy when the pressure decreases to 700.0 mm Hg?
640ml
The volume of a gas is 93 mL when the temperature is 91°C. If the temperature is reduced to 0°C without changing the pressure, what is the new volume of the gas?
70 ml
The volume of a gas is 93 mL when the temperature is 91ºC. If the temperature is reduced to 0ºC without changing the pressure, what is the new volume of the gas?
70ml
A pressure of 745 mm Hg equals
745 torr
For the reaction N2 + 3H2 ® 2NH3, how many moles of nitrogen are required to produce 18 mol of ammonia?
9.0 mol
The pressure of a sample of gas at 10.0°C increases from 700. mm Hg to 900. mm Hg. What is the new temperature?
90.9°C
Oxygen, nitrogen, and argon gases are mixed in a sealed chamber. The partial pressures of each gas are known. What is the total pressure?
The sum of the three partial pressures
What is the maximum possible amount of product obtained in a chemical reaction?
Theoretical yield
In the equation 2Al(s) + 3Fe(NO3)2(aq) ® 3Fe(s) + 2Al(NO3)3(aq), iron has been replaced by
aluminum
Use VSEPR theory to predict the shape of the hydrogen sulfide molecule, H2S.
bent
In what kind of reaction do the ions of two compounds exchange places in aqueous solution to form two new compounds?
double-replacement reaction
When atoms share electrons, the electrical attraction of an atom for the shared electrons is called the atom's
electronegativity.
What are shared in a covalent bond?
electrons
If the amount of solute present in a solution at a given temperature is less than the maximum amount that can dissolve at that temperature, the solution is said to be
unsaturated
For the reaction 2H2 + O2 ® 2H2O, how many grams of water are produced from 6.00 mol of hydrogen?
108g
Calculate the approximate volume of a 0.600 mol sample of gas at 15.0°C and a pressure of 1.10 atm.
12.9l
For the reaction 2Na + 2H2O ® 2NaOH + H2, how many grams of sodium hydroxide are produced from 3.0 mol of water?
120g
A 0.582-mol sample of an ideal gas is at 15°C and 81.8 kPa. Calculate the volume for the ideal gas, as described by the ideal gas law.
17.0l
For the reaction Cl2 + 2KBr ® 2KCl + Br2, how many grams of potassium chloride can be produced from 300. g each of chlorine and potassium bromide?
188g
Iron(IV) oxide, FeO2, is produced by the reaction Fe + O2 ® FeO2 (87.8 g/mol). How many grams of FeO2 can be produced from 50.0 L of O2 at STP?
196. g
In the reaction 2H2 + O2 ® 2H2O, what is the mole ratio of oxygen to water?
1:2
In the reaction N2 + 3H2 ® 2NH3, what is the mole ratio of nitrogen to ammonia?
1:2
A tire contains a mixture of gases with the following partial pressures: PO2 = 51.3 kPa, PCO2 = 0.10 kPa, PN2 = 191.3 kPa, and Pothers = 2.3 kPa. Calculate the total pressure as described by Dalton's law of partial pressures.
245.0 kPa
A 1.00 L sample of a gas has a mass of 1.25 g at STP. What is the mass of 1.00 mol of this gas?
28.0g
The volume of a gas is 400.0 mL when the pressure is 1.00 atm. At the same temperature, what is the pressure at which the volume of the gas is 2.0 L?
0.20 atm
How many moles of HCl are present in 0.70 L of a 0.33 M HCl solution?
0.23 mol
A sample of gas at 25°C has a volume of 11 L and exerts a pressure of 660 mm Hg. How many moles of gas are in the sample?
0.39 mol
What is the molarity of a solution that contains 125 g NaCl in 4.00 L solution?
0.535 M
Standard pressure is exactly
1 atm
Which coefficients correctly balance the formula equation CaO + H2O ® Ca(OH)2?
1, 1, 1
Which coefficients correctly balance the formula equation NH4NO2(s)® N2(g) + H2O(l)?
1, 1, 2
How many moles of gas are there in a 45.0 L container at 25.0°C and 500.0 mm Hg?
1.21
You fill a rigid steel cylinder that has a volume of 20.0 L with nitrogen gas to a final pressure of2.00 104 kPa at 28°C. Calculate the number of moles for the nitrogen gas, as described by the ideal gas law.
1.60 * 102 moles
On a cold winter morning when the temperature is -13°C, the air pressure in an automobile tire is 1.5 atm. If the volume does not change, what is the pressure after the tire has warmed to 15°C?
1.7 atm
On a cold winter morning when the temperature is -13ºC, the air pressure in an automobile tire is 1.5 atm. If the volume does not change, what is the pressure after the tire has warmed to 15ºC?
1.7 atm
If a gas occupies 950.0 mL at standard temperature, what volume does it occupy at 25.00ºC if the pressure remains constant?
1037 mL
Oxygen in nitrogen is an example of which solute-solvent combination?
gas-gas
Carbon dioxide in water is an example of which solute-solvent combination?
gas-liquid
An unsaturated solution is one that ________
has a concentration lower than the solubility
Which reactant controls the amount of product formed in a chemical reaction?
limiting reactant
Use VSEPR theory to predict the shape of carbon dioxide, CO2.
linear
Use VSEPR theory to predict the shape of the hydrogen chloride molecule, HCl.
linear
