Chemistry Final

A scientist is working to determine the properties and changes of matter and their relation to energy of a newly discovered mineral. She is working in the field of _______ chemistry.

???

The two types of matter that are pure substances are ____________ and ____________.

???

A nonmetal is usually

brittle

Which of the following is not a physical change? -grinding -cutting -boiling -burning

burning

Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture? -air -orange juice with pulp -raw milk -marble

air

A solid substance is

always the same shape regardless of its container

A chemical can be defined as

any substance that has a definite composition

Plasma is the fourth state of matter. In the plasma state

atoms lose electrons

Matter includes all of the following except -air -light -smoke -water vapor

light

If a mixture is uniform in composition, it is said to be

Homogeneous

The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called

periods

The melting of butter is a ___________ change because it does not produce any new substances.

physical

The study of matter and changes that occur in matter best describes the science of ________________.

Chemistry

Differentiate between the reactants and the products in the reaction represented by the equation--copper + water --> copper(II) oxide + hydrogen.

Copper and water are reactants copper(II) oxide and hydrogen are products

What happens to the energy in a substance when it changes state?

It changes form, but is neither destroyed nor increased.

Compare and contrast solide, liquids, gases, and plasma by explaining the behavior of their particles.

Solids - have a set structure and volume when poured from different containers Liquids - same volume when poured from different containers but different shape gases - have neither a set structure or volume.

When water boils, steam forms. When vin eager and baking soda combine, carbon dioxide gas is released. Which change is physical, and which is chemical? How do you Know?

The steam is physical because there is nothing new that has formed and the carbon dioxide is chemical because there was no carbon dioxide before the combination.

A mixture is

a blend of any two or more kinds of matter, as long as ear maintains its own unite properties

It is easy to determine wether a substance is a metal if the substance is

a good electrical and heat conductor

A homogeneous mixture is also called

a solution

A compound is

a substance, made of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded, that can be broken down into simpler, stable substances.

Iron and sulfur, when heated, form an iron sulfide that has different properties from either iron or sulfur. The formation of iron sulfide is an example of a ___________ change.

chemical

A physical change occurs when a -peach spoils -silver bowl tarnishes -bracelet turns your wrist green -glue gun melts a glue stick

glue gun melts a glue stick

Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture? -a gold ring -salt water -granite -sucrose

granite

The vertical columns on the periodic table are called

groups

A sample of matter can be poured from container to container. It takes the shape of its container but only takes up a certain volume. Based on this information, the sample is in the _________________ state.

liquid

Technological development often occurs

long after the basis research is complete

A measure of the quality of matter is

mass

Inorganic chemistry is the study of

non-carbon related compounds

Applied research is often performed to find the answer to a particular _______.

question

The oxygen in air causes iron to rust. Iron and oxygen are ___________ in this process and rust is the product.

reactants

Metalloids are often

semiconductors

The two most important properties of all matter are

taking up space and having mass

Biochemistry is the study of

the chemistry of living things

An atom is

the smallest unit of matter that maintains its chemical identity

Basic research is usually performed

to gain knowledge

Noble gases are in Group 18, and are bet known because they are

unreactive

Which of the following is an extensive property of matter? -melting point -boiling point -volume -density

volume