Chemistry Final (Known)

The two most important properties of all matter are

taking up space and having mass

A mixture is... (a combination of pure substances bonded chemically, any substance with uniform composition, a blend of two or more kinds of matter- as long as each maintains its own unique properties, any group of elements that are chemically bonded to one another)

A blend of two or more kinds of matter, as long as each maintains its own unique properties

It is easy to determine whether a substance is a metal if the substance is... (easy to break down into its components, very hard, very brittle, a good electrical and heat conductor)

A good electrical and heat conductor

Which of these statements does NOT describe a measurement standard? (Measurement standards avoid ambiguity, measurement standards must be unchanging, a standard can be easily changed to suit the experiment, confusion is eliminated when the correct measurement is applied)

A standard can be easily changed to suit the experiment

A compound is... (a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances, a substance- made of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded- that can be broken down into simpler, stable substances, the smallest unit of matter that maintains its chemical identity, any substance- whether its chemically bonded or not)

A substance, made of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded, that can be broken down into simpler, stable substances)

A solid substance is... (always frozen regardless of its container, always a crystal regardless of its container, always the same shape regardless its container, always losing particles regardless its container)

Always the same shape regardless of its container

Which of the following is NOT a physical change? (Grinding, boiling, cutting, burning)

Burning

All of the following are steps in the scientific method EXCEPT... (observing and recording data, forming a hypothesis, disregarding data inconsistent with the hypothesis, developing a model based on experimental results)

Discarding data inconsistent with the hypothesis

A physical change occurs when a... (peach spoils, silver bowl tarnishes, bracelet turns your wrist green, glue gun melts a glue stick)

Glue gun melts a glue stick

The liquid state of matter can be described as... (having definite shape and definite volume, having neither definite shape nor definite volume, having lost electrons owning to energy content, having a definite volume but not a definite shape)

Having a definite volume but not a definite shape

If a mixture is not uniform throughout, it is called... (homogeneous, heterogeneous, chemically bonded, a solution)

Heterogeneous

A statement that can be tested experimentally is a... (variable, model, generalization,hypothesis)

Hypothesis

What happens to the energy in a substance when it changes state? (It is destroyed, it is changed into matter, it changes form- but is neither destroyed nor increased, the energy remains unchanged)

It changes form, but is neither destroyed nor increased

Matter includes all of the following except... (air, light, smoke, water vapor)

Light

Which of these statements about units of measurement is NOT true? (A unit compares what is being measured with a previously defined quantity, a unit is usually preceded by a number, measurements can be compared without knowing their units, the choice of unit depends on the quantity being measured)

Measurements can be compared without knowing their units

Which of the following is NOT a chemical change? (Rusting, igniting, melting, burning)

Melting

Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen, both colorless gases, form a red-brown gas when mixed. Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen are called the... (products, equilibria, synthetics, reactants)

Reactants

An atom is... (the smallest unit of matter that maintains its chemical identity, the smallest unit of a compound, always made of carbon, smaller than an electron)

The smallest unit of matter that maintains its chemical identity

A plausible explanation of a body of observed natural phenomena is a scientific... (control, experiment, law, theory)

Theory

Under ordinary conditions of temperature and pressure, the particles in a gas are... (closely packed, very far from one another, held in fixed positions, unevenly distributed)

Very far from one another