Chemistry practice - warner

How long did it take Frederick Sanger to complete the insulin research that earned him the Nobel Prize?

12 years

Who developed the process of vulcanization of rubber?

Charles Goodyear

What is the term for the study of matter and the changes it undergoes?

Chemistry

Which statement is true regarding the macroscopic scale that lead to conclusions about microscopic features?

Chemists make observations on the macroscopic scale that lead to conclusions about microscopic features

____ is a way to slow down the reactions that spoil milk

Keeping it cold

Which statement does NOT represent a way that chemistry can benefit agriculture?

creating synthetic seeds to plant

The process of removing salt from sea water is called _____.

desalination

What disease results from the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin?

diabetes mellitus

Which of the following is NOT a contribution that alchemists made to the science of chemistry?

discovered subatomic particles

What is the name given to a chemical substance that is used to treat disease?

drug

What particle is generated and flows through a circuit in the battery?

electrons

If soils are lacking in essential nutrients, we add _______.

fertilizer

Some hand-warmers contain chemicals that undergo chemical reactions to generate ______

heat

energy is released whenwe burn natural gas.

heat

did alchemists eventually succeeded in turning base metals into gold.

no

The synthesization of new carbon compounds is studied in ______ chemistry.

organic

There are 5 areas of chemistry: physical chemistry, organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, biochemistry and inorganic chemistry. Identify which of the five areas of chemistry best fits the action done by Sam, a chemist. Sam is studying the reactions of a class of compounds called ethers. The formula of one type of ether is CH3OCH3.

organic chemistry

In what way(s) did alchemists contribute to modern chemistry?

organizing and classifying substances to predict the products of reactions AND producing gunpowder, glass, and ceramics

Which of the following is a gas discovered by Joseph Priestley?

oxygen

In ______ chemistry, the electrical properties of solutions can be measured.

physical

There are 5 areas of chemistry: physical chemistry, organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, biochemistry and inorganic chemistry. Identify which of the five areas of chemistry best fits the action done by Lisa, a chemist. Lisa is doing a series of reactions in order to measure the amount of heat being released in each one.

physical chemistry

Some chemists are interested in studying the rates of chemical reactions based on the structures of the various substances involved and trying to figure out the step-by-step mechanism of how the reactions occur on the molecular level. Because the chemistry of carbon-containing compounds is so diverse, these chemists often study those compounds exclusively. What branch of chemistry does this belong to?

physical organic chemistry

______ research focuses on understanding the basic properties and processes.

pure

Classify the following as either primarily pure chemistry or primarily applied chemistry. Tina is researching the rates of reactions of various compounds to see how the reaction rate depends on the solubility of the compound.

pure chemistry

Classify the following as either pure chemistry or applied chemistry. The element krypton is known to be very nonreactive. Lawrence is attempting to make new compounds by reacting krypton with oxygen.

pure chemistry

What type of energy is released by the chemicals in a hand-warmer?

thermal energy

Chemistry is the study of water and air and how they interact

False

What kind of questions cannot be answered by chemistry?

Why matter exists

Which or the following example(s) from everyday life are influenced by chemistry?

1. Getting a boost of energy by eating an apple 2. Taking a pill to get relief from a cold 3. Wearing a synthetic spandex athletic shirt

3 things that crops need for good growth.

1. Protection from predators 2. Water 3. Soil nutrients

who invented the battery

Alessandro Volta

Who invented dynamite?

Alfred Nobel

Who is generally called the "father of modern chemistry"?

Antoine lavoisier

What were the three major streams of alchemy that are known?

Chinese, Indian, and European

How can some types of batteries be recharged?

Electrical energy reverses the chemical reactions in the battery.

The _______ was a mythical substance sought by alchemists that gave immortality to the person who possessed or consumed it.

Elixir of Life

Which field of study would the following statement be related to? Vinegar mixed with baking soda will produce carbon dioxide.

Field of chemistry

Modern scientists can change lead into gold by nuclear bombardment. What is the problem with making gold in this way?

It is too expensive.

who developed the first synthetic resin.

Leo Baekeland

Who is generally credited with developing the process of using heat to prevent the growth of microorganisms and preserve milk and wine?

Louis pasteur

does a car gets power from the burning of gasoline, causing pressure from a decreased volume of gas?

NO.

Which early chemist worked with gas-phase reactions and was able to describe their behavior mathematically?

Robert Boyle

Generally, chemists observe changed in the macroscopic world and propose explanations that involve the microscopic world

True

The ancient philosophers discussed the world around them but did not do any experiments on r detailed onservations

True

Development of ___________, glassware, and better techniques for metal extraction are contributions by alchemists.

acids and bases

There are 5 areas of chemistry: physical chemistry, organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, biochemistry and inorganic chemistry. Identify which of the five areas of chemistry best fits the action done by Zoe, a chemist. Zoe is using an instrument called a spectrophotometer to precisely determine the levels of various chemicals in a sample of drinking water.

analytical chemistry

Which branch of chemistry specifically deals with quantitative analysis?

analytical chemistry

______ research focuses on the use of information to create useful materials.

applied

What type of chemistry does the following sentence best describe? Stan is researching a new insecticide that will be less toxic to birds and small mammals that may come in contact with it.

applied chemistry

Which type of chemistry is directed toward a specific practical goal? (Choose between pure chemistry or applied chemistry)

applied chemistry

Which element is NOT an essential nutrient for crops?

barium

The chemistry of living things and living systems created a new combined field in science known as ______-chemistry.

bio

Drug testing of athletes and other individuals is big business. Complex instruments can be used to test blood and urine samples for very small amounts of drugs that may have been taken illegally. What branch of chemistry does this belong to?

bio-analytical chemistry

Enzymes are large molecules that are present in most living things and are needed in order to ensure that various chemical reactions occur quickly. Some enzymes contain metal atoms, such as copper or magnesium, which are important to their function. What field of chemistry does this belong to?

bio-inorganic chemistry

What is a major insect predator of cotton crops?

boll weevils

What type(s) of chemistry research are modern chemists actively pursuing?

both pure and applied research

Chemical reactions:

can either absorb or release energy

____ _____ store chemical energy that can be converted to heat or electrical energy.

fossil fuels

Who discovered the structure of insulin?

frederick Sanger

Robert Boyle contributes the basic ideas for behavior of _____ to chemistry.

gases

What is rapidly produced during the burning process of gasoline that ultimately causes a car to move?

gases

is a sugar needed to provide biochemical energy for all the cells of the body.

glucose

_________ is considered as a valuable because it is a rare element.

gold

There are 5 areas of chemistry: physical chemistry, organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, biochemistry and inorganic chemistry. Identify which of the five areas of chemistry best fits the action done by Louis, a chemist. Louis is investigating a new way to isolate nickel from various nickel-containing rocks and sediment.

inorganic chemistry

Type I Diabetic patients are missing the chemical

insulin

What term describes the application of water to farmland from a source such as a lake or a river?

irrigation

What previously known chemical did Nobel use to make dynamite?

nitroglycerine

Chemicals used to control unwanted pests are called _____.

pesticides

_______ interfere with biochemical processes in the insects they repel or kill.

pesticides

Fertilizers are used to:

provide the soil with essential nutrients

Which type of chemistry (pure chemistry or applied chemistry) is done primarily for the sake of advancing knowledge in the field?

pure chemistry

Batteries generate energy by ____ _____

releasing electrons

One goal of the alchemists was to find a way to turn base metals into gold. Which of the following is NOT a base metal?

silver

glucose is a ____ that provides energy for all cells of the body

sugar

What simple blood test can be self-administered using a readily available portable device?

test for blood glucose level

In ancient Egypt, ______ often owned gold mines.

the government