Chemistry Quiz (9.1-9.2)

Rule 2

(in general) metals replace metals or hydrogen; nonmetals replace nonmetals

A reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds

A decomposition reaction

Rule 1

A more reactive element will replace a less reactive element.

Formula for Single Replacement Reaction

A+BX→AX+B

Formula for Synthesis/Combination Reaction

A+B→AB

Formula for a decomposition reaction

AB→A+B; ex. 2H₂O→2H₂+O₂

Formula for double replacement reactions

AX+BY→AY+BX

Diatomics

Br, I, Cl, F, O, N, H

chlorate

CLO₃

carbonate

CO₃⁻²

The number written in front of a reactant or product, describing the lowest whole number ratio of the amounts of all the reactants and products

Coefficient

acetate

C₂H₃O₂

A reaction that requires an energy source such as heat, light or electricity to occur

Decomposition Reaction

A reaction that occurs when ions exchange between two compounds

Double replacement reactions

What do double replacement reactions produce?

Either water, a precipitate, or a gas.

ammonia

NH₃

ammonium

NH₄

nitrate

NO₃

hydroxide

OH

phosphate

PO₄⁻³

The solid product produced during a chemical reaction in a solution

Precipitate

sulfate

SO₄⁻²

What law do balanced equations show?

The law of conservation of mass

Evidence of a chemical reaction

change in temperature; change in color; odor, gas, or bubbles may form

The process by which one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances is called a

chemical reaction