child health: gastro/renal

A nurse is assisting in admitting to the hospital a 4-month-old infant with a diagnosis of vomiting and dehydration. The nurse assists in developing a plan of care for the infant and suggests including in the plan to position the infant in a(n):

side lying position

A child with a diagnosis of a hernia has been scheduled for a surgical repair in 2 weeks. The nurse reinforces instructions to the parents about the signs of possible hernial strangulation. The nurse tells the parents that which of the following signs would require health care provider (HCP) notification by the parents?

vomiting

A nurse reviews the record of a 3-week-old infant and notes that the health care provider has documented a diagnosis of suspected Hirschsprung's disease. The nurse understands that which of the following symptoms led the mother to seek health care for the infant?

Foul-smelling, ribbon-like stools

A newborn infant is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). The mother of the infant asks the nurse to explain the diagnosis. The nurse plans to base the response on which description of this disorder?

Gastric contents regurgitate back into the esophagus.

A nurse is reviewing the health record of an infant with a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux. Which clinical manifestation of this disorder would the nurse expect to note documented in the record?

Hiccupping and spitting up after a meal

A nurse is caring for an 18-month-old child who has been vomiting. The appropriate position in which to place the child during naps and sleep time is:

A side-lying position

A nurse is providing dietary instructions to the mother of a child with celiac disease. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further instructions?

"I am so pleased that I won't have to eliminate oatmeal from my child's diet."

A nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of intussusception. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to note in this child?

Blood and mucus in the stools

A child is diagnosed with intussusception. The nurse collects data on the child, knowing that which of the following is a characteristic of this disorder?

Invagination of a section of the intestine into the distal bowel

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of an infant suspected of having hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note in this infant?

Metabolic alkalosis

A mother brings her 5-month-old daughter into the pediatrician's office with complaints that the child has been vomiting during feedings. The mother also states that the child is sometimes very fussy. The nurse's initial action would be to:

Obtain a complete history of the child's feeding habits.

A nurse has provided dietary instructions to the mother of a child with celiac disease. The nurse determines that further instructions are needed if the mother states that she will include which of the following in the child's nutritional plan?

oatmeal

A nurse is collecting data on an infant with a diagnosis of suspected Hirschsprung's disease. Which of the following questions to the mother will most specifically elicit information regarding this disorder?

"Does your infant have foul-smelling, ribbon-like stools?"

A child is diagnosed with lactose intolerance. The child's mother asks the nurse about the disease. The appropriate nursing response is which of the following?

"It is the inability to tolerate sugar found in dairy products."

A nurse is caring for an infant with a diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease. The nurse should check for which clinical findings that are consistent with Hirschsprung's disease? Select all that apply.

1- fever 2- constipation 3- failure to thrive 5- abdominal distension 6- explosive, watery diarrhea

A 1-year-old child is diagnosed with intussusception. The mother of the child asks the nurse to describe the disorder. The nurse tells the mother that this disorder is:

A condition in which a proximal segment of the bowel prolapses into a distal segment of the bowel

The parents of a newborn have been told that their child was born with bladder exstrophy, and the parents ask the nurse about this condition. The nurse bases the response on knowledge that this condition is:

An extrusion of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body through a defect in the lower abdominal wall

A nurse provides instructions to the parents of an infant with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) regarding proper positioning to manage reflux. The nurse tells the parents that the infant should be maintained in:

An upright angle 24 hours a day

A mother of an infant diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease asks the nurse about the disorder. The nurse plans to base the response on which of the following?

It is a congenital aganglionosis or megacolon.

A nurse reviews the record of an infant who is seen in the clinic. The nurse notes that a diagnosis of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is suspected. The nurse expects to note which most likely clinical manifestation of this condition in the medical record?

Choking with feedings

A nurse is assigned to assist in caring for a newborn with a colostomy that was created during surgical intervention for imperforate anus. When the newborn returns from surgery, the nurse checks the stoma and notes that it is red and edematous. Which of the following is the appropriate nursing intervention?

Document the findings.

A nurse is administering medications to a 6-year-old child with nephrotic syndrome. To reduce proteinuria, the nurse should expect that which medication would be prescribed?

Furosemide (Lasix)

A nurse is reviewing the health record of a child with a diagnosis of celiac disease. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to note documented in the health record?

Profuse watery diarrhea and vomiting

A nurse is assigned to care for a child with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis who is scheduled for pyloromyotomy. Which of the following positions would the nurse place the child in during the preoperative period?

Prone with the head of the bed elevated

An emergency department nurse is caring for a child brought to the emergency department following the ingestion of approximately one half bottle of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). The nurse anticipates that the likely initial treatment will be:

The administration of activated charcoal

A nurse provides feeding instructions to a mother of an infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). To assist in reducing the episodes of emesis, the nurse tells the mother to:

Thicken the feedings by adding rice cereal to the formula.

A nurse is admitting a child with a diagnosis of lactose intolerance. Which finding does the nurse expect to assess?

frothy stools

A breast-feeding mother of an infant with lactose intolerance asks the nurse about dietary measures. Which of the following foods would the nurse instruct the mother to avoid?

hard cheeses

A nurse reviews the record of a 1-year-old child seen in the clinic and notes that the health care provider has documented a diagnosis of celiac crisis. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to note in this condition?

profuse watery diarrhea

A nurse reinforces home-care instructions to the parents of a child with celiac disease. Which of the following food items would the nurse advise the parents to include in the child's diet?

rice

A nurse is monitoring a newborn with a suspected diagnosis of imperforate anus. The nurse understands that which of the following is unassociated with this disorder?

The passage of currant jelly-like stools