Chpt 7

axon

An axon (also known as a nerve fiber) is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body or soma.

axon terminal

An axon nerve fiber is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell,

synaptic cleft

Chemical synapses are specialized junctions through which neurons signal to each other and to non-neuronal cells such as those in muscles or glands.

dendrite

are the branched projections of a neuron that act to conduct the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project.

dura

dura, is the outermost of the three layers of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

neurology

is a medical specialty dealing with disorders of the nervous system.

associative (interneuron)

is a neuron that forms a connection between other neurons.

somatic

means 'of the body',[1] relating to the body. In medicine, somatic illness is bodily, not mental, illness.

motor (efferent)

otherwise known as motor or effector neurons, carry nerve impulses away from the central nervous system to effectors such as muscles or glands (and also the ciliated cells of the inner ear).

parasympathetic

parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) is one of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)

sympathetic

sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one of the three parts of the autonomic nervous system, along with the enteric and parasympathetic systems.

arachoid

the protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord.

conductivity

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pia

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nerves

A peripheral nerve, or simply nerve, is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of peripheral axons (the long, slender projections of neurons).

reflex

A reflex action, also known as a reflex, is an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus.

tracts

A tract is a literary work, and in current usage, usually religious in nature.

grey matter

Grey matter (or gray matter) is a major component of the central nervous system

irritability

Irritability is an excessive response to stimuli

myelin sheath

Myelin is a dielectric (electrically insulating) material that forms a layer, the myelin sheath, usually around only the axon of a neuron.

Nodes of Ranvier

Myelin sheath gaps or nodes of Ranvier are the gaps (approximately 1 micrometer in length) formed between the myelin sheaths generated by different cells.

neurilemma

Neurolemma (also known as neurilemma[1] or sheath of Schwann) is the outermost nucleated cytoplasmic layer of Schwann cells that surrounds the axon of the neuron.

white matter

White matter is one of the two components of the central nervous system and consists mostly of glial cells and myelinated axons that transmit signals from one region of the cerebrum to another and between the cerebrum and lower brain centers.

sensory (afferent)

afferent neurons (otherwise known as sensory or receptor neurons), carry nerve impulses from receptors or sense organs towards the central nervous system.

neuron

also known as a neurone or nerve cell) is an electrically excitable cell that processes and transmits information by electrical and chemical signaling

neuroglia

are non-neuronal cells that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons in the brain, and for neurons in other parts of the nervous system such as in the autonomic nervous system