Chpt.15 psy

A personality disorder is characterized by

A set of inflexible, maladaptive behavior patterns that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society

The term "flat affect" refers to

A verbal lack of emotions

_______ are firmly held, unshakable beliefs with no basis in reality and they commonly occur with schizophrenia

Delusions

somatic symptom disorder

Diagnosed based on a person having a physical symptom and then having excessive thoughts and feelings about the symptoms. -part of DSM-IV

somatoform disorders

Diagnosed based on a person having excessive thoughts and feelings about an imaginary physical symptom -per of DSM-5

The vulnerability-stress hypothesis is also known as the _______-_________ model & it suggest that preexistimos conditions may put a person at risk of developing a psychological disorder

Diathesis - stess

Social anxiety disorder is characterized by

Is an intense fear of being humiliated or embarrassed in social situations

______ is an anxiety disorder that develops through exposure to a traumatic event, severely oppressive situations, serve abuse, & and natural and unnatural disasters

PTSD

Adele has experienced a number of individual periods of terror where she sweats, tremble, feels dizzy, and is quite certain that if she is "going crazy" her physician has assured her that there is no medical reason for these episodes. what is Adele's most likely diagnosis?

Panic disorder

_______ influences are stronger predictors of bipolar disorder than of depressive disorder

genetic

Dissociative identity disorder is one in which

person displays characteristics of two or more distinct personalities

Trichotillonmania, or hair _____, is an OCD related disorder

pulling

Women are nearly ____ as likely as men to be diagnosed with depression

twice

an estimated _____ million US adults suffer from a diagnosable psychological disorder in a given year

43.6

A women who secretly makes herself vomit after every meal and feels intense shame and guilt over it. Her behavior may be categorized as _____ because it involve personal distress

Abnormal

Which of the following is an example of a compulsion

Alex has to wash his hands many times a day because he fears germs

Which of the following exemplifies obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Anna has intrusive thoughts that something bad might happen to her family if she doesn't double check all of the locks on the doors and windows

________ personality disorder is disorder where individuals are guiltless, law-breaking, exploitive, self-indulgent, irresponsible, and intrusive

Antisocial

_______ disorder are psychological disorders that feature fear that are uncontrollable, disproportionate to the actual danger the person might be in, and disruptive of ordinary life

Anxiety

Which disorder refers to a range of neurodevelopmental disorders involving impaired social interaction and communication, repetitive behavior, and restricted interest?

Autism spectrum disorder

learned helplessness, which was first studied using dogs, has led to a ______ approach to understanding major depression

Behavioral

The model, in which biological, psychological & sociocultural factors are all considered, is called the

Biopsychosocial model

________ is a psychological disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships and emotions, & of marked impulsivity beginning in early adulthood & present in a variety of contexts

Borderline personality disorder

Biological views of psychological disorder fall into three main categories

Brain, genetic factors, and neurotransmitters functioning

The sociocultural approach attributes psychological problems to the larger social context in which a person lives, including the individual

Culture

dissociative amnesia

Dissociative disorder characterized by the sudden and extensive inability to recall important personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature.

Walter spends hours in the bathroom looking in the mirror and picking at his skin. Walter May be diagnosed with

Excoriation disorder

A deficiency of the neurotransmitter ______ is among the biological factors for generalized anxiety disorder

GABA

What disorder is characterized by long-term, persistent anxiety and uncontrollable worry?

Generalized anxiety disorder

_____ are sensory experiences that occur in the absence of real stimuli

Hallucinations

Madeleine has decided to seek therapeutic services from someone who describes himself as having a "sociocultural perspective." This means that

He may be interested in Madeleine's family, he may say that environmental experiences play a role in the creation of psychological disorders

Abnormal behavior can be defined in many ways, some of which are

Is behavior that is deviant, maladaptive, or personally distressful over a relatively long period of time

Which of the following statement are true regarding the DSM-5

It was approved in 2013 It is published by the American psychiatric association

For the past three weeks, Ana has felt lethargic, had problems sleeping & making decisions, lost pleasure & interest in activities he previously enjoyed, & has has feeling of worthlessness. The most likely diagnosis for Amin is

Major depressive disorder

Dissociative disorder are psychological disorder that involve a sudden loss of _______ or change in identity

Memory

which of the following demographic groups has the highest rate of suicide?

Native American

Having harsh (or even impossible) self-standard would be considered what type of risk factor for generalized anxiety disorder

Psychological

The ______ approach emphasized the contributions of thoughts, emotions, & personality characteristics in explaining psychological disorders

Psychological

________ refers to a state in which a persons perceptions and thoughts are fundamentally removed from reality

Psychosis

______ refers to a class of disorders in which severe distortion of reality occurs

Schizophrenia

A ________ ______ is an anxiety disorder in which the individual has an irrational, overwhelming, persistent fear of a particular object or situation

Specific phobia

A mark of shame that may cause others to avoid or to act negatively towards is a person is called:

Stigma

an unemployed homeless woman living on the street may be said to display abnormal behavior even if she has chose to live this way. her inability to adapt to the requirements of society is what makes her "abnormal" which definition is abnormality best explains this?

abnormality as the inability to function effectively

Rosenman study

all confederates said they heard voices, were admitted to the mental hospital but expressed a desire to leave, except for their symptom reporting, they were cooperative and behaved normally

learned helplessness, which was first studied using dogs, has led to a behavioral approach to understanding major depression

behavioral

which approach to understanding depression argues that prolonged stress over which one has no control can lead to major depression?

behavioral

critics complain that the DMS-5 relies too much on the ______ perspective and it treats psychological disorders as if they are illnesses

biological

___ dysmorphic disorder is obsessing or preoccupation with imagined or slight flaws in one's physical appearance.

body

obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic disorder are both?

both involve anxiety, but they are not classified as annuity disorder in DSM-5

is an extreme Moto symptom of schizophrenia that involves being completely immobile

catatonia schizophrenia

several factors are neglected in the DSM, factors such as poverty, ____ _____ _____ and _____

childhood experiences, trauma, unemployment

Classifying Psychological Disorders provides a common basis for ______ among professionals

communicating

Caleb has disturbing, intrusive thoughts and then he finds that he must act upon them. The disturbing thoughts are obsessions and the acting upon them are ___.

compulsions

Cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia include

deficits in executive functioning, including difficulty sustaining attention, problems holding information in memory, and inability to interpret information and make decisions

the two main types of mood disorder are ____ and ____ disorders

depressive and bipolar

_____ mood dysregulation disorder is a depressive disorder in children who show persistent irritability and recurrent episodes of out-of control behavior

disruptive

which are brain structure differences identified through research on the brains of people diagnosed with schizophrenia?

enlarged ventricles, smaller than normal prefrontal cortices, structural problems in prenatal development

Which of the following are examples of positive symptoms of schizophrenia

hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behaviors

Ruth's house is clean, however, in her closets are many bags full of old magazines, newspapers, and mail. Ruthie says she will not throw the "collection" away until she reads each one. Ruthie may be diagnosed with ______ disorder

hoarding

______ is the erroneous impression that individuals who suffer from psychological disorder are prone to violence

illusory correlation

those with optimistic attribution styles make external attributions for bad thing.s pessimistic attribution styles make _____ attributions for bad things

internal

panic disorder

is an anxiety disorder marked by recurrent sudden onsets of intense apprehension or terror

borderline personality disorder is

more common in women than men

Individuals with psychological disorders are ____ than psychologically healthy people to suffer from cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes

more likely

one of the most famous cases of dissociative identity disorder, also know as ________ ________ disorder, was "the three faces of eve"

multiple personality

personality disorders are chronic, maladaptive cognitive-behavioral patterns that are thoroughly integrated into an individual's

personality

are a subgroup of individuals with ASPD who engage in violence to get that they want

psychopath

Obsessions are ____ thoughts

recurrent

when professor Stewart is in front of students in the lecture hall, he often forgets his lecture and begins to mispronounce terms. professor Stewart is currently experiencing

social anxiety

The DSM-5, also known as the Diagnostic and ______ Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, was approved in 2013 by the American Psychiatric Association

statistical

___ is a mark of shame that may cause others to avoid or act negatively toward a person.

stigma

a way to eliminate the ____ of psychological disorders is to resist thinking that people with disorders are limited by their condition

stigma

which of the following are features of the biological approach to psychological disorders?

this is the medical model, individuals are treated by medical doctors, medications are often prescribed