CIS Chapter 7 - Computer Hardware

Which of the following are storage devices?

(a) Optical drive (b) External hard drive (c) Universal serial bus (USB) drive

Which two of the following statements are true about the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) encoding standard?

-Capable of representing 26 uppercase and lowercase letters used in the English language, numbers, and many different symbols. -Can represent a total of 256 characters

Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ____.

1-4 gigahertz

Click and drag on elements in order Jorge wants to check the hard drive capacity of his Windows laptop through the System menu. Place the following steps in order with the first step at the top.

1. Click the Windows icon to open the Start menu 2. Click the Settings icon to open the Settings menu 3. Click System 4. Click Storage

Match the location of the motherboard in each device. 1.Desktop 2.Laptop 3. Smartphone

1. Desktop-In tower or chassis 2. Laptop- Beneath the keyboard 3. Smartphone- Behind the touchscreen

Rank the following from fastest to slowest. The fastest should be on top. gigahertz, megahertz, hertz, kilohertz

1. Hertz 2. Kilohertz 3. Megahertz 4. Gigahertz

Click and drag on elements in order Put the steps of the boot process in the correct order. Instructions

1. The device is powered on and the CPU activates BIOS 2. The Power-On Self-Test is executed 3. The OS is loaded into RAM 4. The OS checks the registry settings and loads saved configuration settings

Match the term to the correct amount of data.

1.Petabyte (PB) -1,000 terabytes of data 2.Terabyte (TB) matches -One trillion bytes of data 3.Gigabyte (GB) One billion bytes of data 4.Megabyte (MB) -One million bytes of data 5.Kilobyte (KB) -One thousand bytes of data

There are many protocols that are used to help streamline the communication of all digital devices. For example, Wi-Fi uses the _____ protocol. This protocol ensures that devices enabled with Wi-Fi can connect to any Wi-Fi network.

802.11

A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a _____.

Bus

One character of information, for example, a letter or a number consists of one ___.

Byte

The windows 10 app used remove unwanted files from your computer's hard drive is called _____________Cleanup.

Disk

Which of the following is fastest?

Gigahertz

The port/connector combination that is used for nearly all high-definition television or computer monitor connections for video and audio is ___.

HDMI

___ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.

HDMI

What is equal to one cycle per second?

Hertz

A TV remote usually uses _____ radio waves.

IR (infrared)

Because users typically do not want the signal to pass through walls, television remotes usually use what wireless technology? T.V. remotes use ___ signals.

Infrared

IrDA stands for the ____________Data Association which establishes the protocols for infrared communication transfer.

Infrared

The small amount of memory, located within the CPU itself, is referred to as ___ cache.

L1

A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ____ computer.

Laptop

Which of the following are highlighted in the image?

Ports

IPOS refers to the four basic computing functions. IPOS stands for Input, ___, Output, and Storage.

Processing

The person in the image is installing ____ into a laptop computer.

RAM

The instructions needed to boot-up a computer, such as the basic input/output system (BIOS), are typically stored in _____.

ROM (Read Only Memory)

____ is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off.

ROM (Read-Only Memory)

A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called Universal ________Bus

Serial

Which two of the following are computers?

Smartphone Gaming console

The standard for wireless Ethernet networks is known as _____.

Wi-Fi

A stationary (non-mobile) computer that combines the power of a desktop with a neat, clean, look is a(n):

all-in-one

Gigahertz means one _____ cycles (instructions) per second.

billion

A short-range wireless transmission protocol is known as _____.

bluetooth

The short-range wireless transmission protocol, commonly used with smartphones and many other devices, is called ___ .

bluetooth

The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the ______________ process.

boot

The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the____________ process.

boot

The three factors that impact a processor's speed are clock speed, word size, and ___ .

bus width

The three factors that impact processor speed are clock speed, word size, and _____ .

bus width

The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____.

footprint

Megahertz means one _____ cycles (or instructions) per second.

million

The smallest element of an electronic image is called a _____.

pixel

A set of rules for communication between devices that determine how data are transmitted and received is called a

protocol

IP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS are all acronyms that describe different____________

protocol

Wi-Fi waves are basically _____ waves.

radio

A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a ____ device.

storage

Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called __.

storage

Bus _____________ is measured in bits. A 64-bit bus can transmit 64 bits of data.

width

The amount of data that can be transmitted at a given time by a bus is called bus _____.

width

Checking the hard drive on a device running Windows 10 can be done using the _____ app.

This PC

To reduce the time it takes to find files on a hard drive it is a good idea to _____ your hard drive.

defragment

A personal computer with a separate system unit (chassis or tower) and a relatively large footprint is called a ___ .

desktop

Most tablets have solid-state drive (SSD) capacities measured in terabytes (TBs).

false

This personal computer is called a notebook or ___________a . It is popular with students because it is relatively affordable and powerful and the integrated keyboard makes it easy to input text.

laptop

Fetch, decode, execute, and store are steps of the _____ cycle.

machine

While an advanced research laboratory might have a supercomputer, a business that handles numerous simultaneous transactions would not need a supercomputer -An organization that needs to process thousands of simultaneous transactions probably has a ___ computer

mainframe

High-Definition _____________ Interface is a standard interface for audio-video connectivity which allows for the transmission of high-definition audio and video signals.

media

The system unit of a computer houses the computer's main circuit board. This circuit board, which holds the CPU, is called the

motherboard

Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and capable of executing two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a ____-core processor.

multi

When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.

not saved

Changing processor setting so that computer runs faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called _____________

overclocking

A processor with one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a ____.

single-core processor

A cell phone that allows you to surf the web is called a(n) ___. This is actually a powerful computer capable of accepting input, processing data into information, providing data, and storing data.

smartphone

Because they are inexpensive and reliable ___ have become extremely popular storage devices.

thumbdrives (USB or flash drives)

Smartphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to ___ .

apps (applications)

Hard drive ______________ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.

capacity

The amount of instructions the CPU can process per second is dictated by the ___ Multiple choice question.

clock

Computer networks rely on powerful computers that usually focus on one particular task. -A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a __

server

Making your hard disk more efficient can shorten its access time. One way to delete unused files from your Windows hard drive is to use the Disk ___ app.

Cleanup

As you use your hard drive new files will be deleted and added. This can create a slower, more disorganized hard drive. To speed it up you may want to _________________ your hard drive. This process reduces unused disk sectors.

Defragment

Which three of the following devices are computers?

Smartphone Laptop Gaming platform

A multi-core processor has two or more ________; and is capable of ________.

-Cores -Instructions

Which three of the following are external storage devices?

-External hard drive -Universal serial bus (USB) drive -Optical (DVD) drive

Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?

-Full operating system -Mobile -Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad

Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computers?

-Gigabytes -Terabytes

Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.

-Has as a touchscreen -Is highly mobile -Usually has a mobile operating system

Select two characteristics of a solid-state drive (SSD).

-No moving parts -Extremely fast

Which three of the following devices are computers?

-Smartphone -Desktop -Laptop

Which of the following are characteristics of a traditional hard drive?

-Uses magnetic charges to store data. -Has physically spinning platters. -Has a read/write head to detect magnetic charges.

Which three of the following are common types of servers?

-Web Server -File Server -Network Server

Identify the port and plug in the image. This is a ___ connection.

3.5mm

Processors typically have a word size of either ___ or ___.

32 bits; 64 bits

The boot process consists of how many steps.

5

Lightning connectors were developed by ___.

Apple

The ________ speed of the processor dictates the number of instructions that CPU can process per second.

Clock

A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ____.

Computer

The only major difference between MacBooks and the Dell laptops is their prices

False

Identify the port in the image (found on iPhones).

Lightning

The connector and port developed for Apple devices such as iPhones and iPads is called _____.

Lightning

The interface and connectivity of digital musical devices to computers is accomplished by using _____.

MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)

Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers

all-in-one

If you want a non-mobile computer without the relatively large footprint of a desktop, consider purchasing a(n) ___ computer.

all-in-one

Data flows between different parts of the computer via _____ .

buses

In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), eight bits = one ___.

byte

Memory, such as RAM or cache, is ____ and has no moving parts.

electronic (solid state)

Identify the cable and connector in the image, commonly used in networking. This is ___ cable.

ethernet

Sold in categories such as CAT5e (enhanced) or CAT6, or CAT7 cable is commonly used for connecting devices in a network. These are commonly called _____________cables.

ethernet

A protocol commonly used to transfer large files from one server to another on the Internet is the ___.

file transfer protocol (FTP)

Typical SSD capacities for tablet computers or smartphones are measured in _____.

gigabytes

The speed of most modern processors is measured in _____.

gigahertz

The output of a computer that creates a visual image is called ___.

graphic

The output of visual images created by a computer is known as ____.

graphic

The physical parts of a computer such as the system unit (like the tower unit shown) or a monitor are referred to as computer

hardware

The physical parts of a computer, such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and system unit are called computer ___ .

hardware

Because they have no moving parts, solid-state drives (SSDs) costs tend to be ___.

higher

A multicore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called _____.

hyperthreading

The largest chip designing and manufacturing company in the world is ___

iNTEL

While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a ______________

mainframe

The actual number of pixels in a monitor is called ___.

native resolution

___ can damage a processor if not properly executed. It will also void your warranty.

overclocking

A hole or slot in a computer, designed to accept a specific connector, is called a ___.

port

All computations and activities in a digital device are conducted by the ___

processor

A coding scheme capable of representing the languages of the world,____________________ uses 16 bits to represent information.

unicode

The graphics adapter inside a digital device is also called the ______________card.

video

If you buy a new computer game that emphasizes graphics, or new photo/video editing software for your desktop computer, you may want to purchase a new ___.

video/graphics card

The number of bits that can be processed at one time during one machine cycle is a processor's _____.

word size

Match the processor manufacturer to the correct statement. 1. Intel 2. AMD 3. Nvidia

1. Intel -Founded in 1968, this is the world's largest designer of computer chips. Its i5, i7, and i9 chips dominate the personal computer market 2. AMD -Founded in 1969, this company's technology is featured inside most gaming consoles including the PS5 3. Nvidia -Founded in 1993, produces popular mobile device processors

Match the following characteristics of a tablet computer. 1. Tablet computer 2. Not a feature of a tablet computer

1. Tablet computer -Smaller OS -touchscreen is primary input -Highly portable -Tablet computers are highly portable, have a smaller operating system (OS), and include a touch screen 2. Not a feature of a tablet computer -Most allow you to upgrade RAM -Inlcudes a terabyte (TB) or more of storage. -You cannot upgrade RAM in a tablet computers do not include a terabyte (TB) of storage

Match the following: 1. Web Server 2. File Server 3. Network Server

1. Web Server -Used to control access to resources on the Web. 2. File Server -Used for data storage 3. Network Server -Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network

Sometimes called a convertible laptop, a type of laptop that has a removable, or concealed keyboard as well as a touchscreen so that it can be used as a tablet is called a(n) ___

2- in- 1

In the image, what use approximately 1 byte of data?

3

Which of the following is not part of the boot process?

Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors

The correct abbreviation for megahertz is:

MHz

Identify the connector in the image. It is commonly used for musical instruments. This is a ___ connector.

MIDI

Match the following statements about mainframes and supercomputers to the correct term. Mainframe Supercomputer

Mainframe -More powerful than a server, less powerful than a supercomputer -Not designed to calculate huge formulas, but able to manage thousands of transactions simultaneously -Often operated by businesses such as large banks or credit card companies Supercomputer -Most powerful type of computer -Many of these are owned by research universities and government agencies such as the NSA -NASA uses them to determine gravitational fluctuations that might indicate additional planets in the solar system

Memory and ___________________ hold data used by processors.

caches

The amount of data that defines each color in a pixel is called ___.

color depth

A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a

computer bus

A laptop typically has __ RAM than a smartphone.

more

A high-speed storage area usually located directly on the CPU is called ___________________

cache

Match the following computer speed terms. 1. Bus width 2. Bus 3. Megahertz 4. Hertz 5. Gigahertz

1. Bus width -the amount of data that can be transmitted over a channel at a given time 2. Bus -a channel over which information flows inside a computer 3. Megahertz -equals one million cycles (instructions) per second 4. Hertz -equals one cycle (instruction) per second 5. Gigahertz -equals one billion cycles (instructions) per second

Place the following steps in order to use the Disk Cleanup app on a Windows computer. Place the first step on top.

1. Click the Cortana icon to open the search window 2. Type Disk Cleanup 3. In the Disk Cleanup dialog box, select the unused files 4. Click Ok

Click and drag on elements in order Put the steps of the information processing cycle in the correct order, with the first step at the top.

1. Input 2. Process 3. Output 4. Store

A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called Universal __________Bus

Flash

Tiffany wants to remove unwanted files from her laptop's hard drive. One of the fastest ways is to use Disk Cleanup. Place the following steps in order with the first step at the top.

From the Start button menu, choose All Programs, -> Accessories, System Tools, Disk Cleanup, Click Ok, then Delete Files -If prompted, choose the mass storage device that you want to clean up -In the Disk Cleanup dialog box, select the items you want to remove -Click OK, then Delete Files.

Eight bits are considered to make one _____________ of information. In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), it is the data required to store one character, such as a letter or a number.

byte

In addition to the RAM, modern processors temporarily keep frequently accessed data in a _____.

cache

A video card is sometimes referred to as a graphics adapter or ________.

display adapter

Memory, such as a computer's RAM ___

holds data and programs being used by the processor.

A two-in-one computer combines a large tablet computer with a (usually) detachable _______

keyboard

A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a

server

A processor composed of one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a:

single-core processor

Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ___ than data from the RAM.

slower

The four basic functions of a computer are to: 1 - accept data input 2 - process data into information 3 - present output 4 - provide _________________

storage

Most desktop computers come with a traditional hard drive. The purpose of the hard drive is to _______________data.

store

The most powerful computers, ____________ , can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.

supercomputers

The actual number of pixels (resolution) in a monitor is called ____________ resolution.

native

Match the correct process of the machine cycle to the appropriate definition. Instructions 1. Fetch 2. Decode 3. Execute 4. Store

1. Fetch -An instruction is obtained from memory 2. Decode -The instructions are converted into something the computer can understand 3. Execute -The processor completes the instruction 4. Store -The results are placed in memory before the next instruction is executed

Match the following. 1. L1 cache 2. Cache 3. RAM 4. Register

1. L1 cache -memory located directly on the processor itself 2. Cache --relatively small amount of memory (measured in kilobytes or megabytes) 3. RAM -largest memory of a computer, connected to the processor via the front side bus 4. Register -extremely small amount of memory (measured in bits) located throughout the processor

Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Place the highest capacity (largest) at the top.

1. Petabyte 2. Terabyte 3. Gigabyte 4. Megabyte 5. Kilobyte

Comparing amounts of random access memory (RAM) required. Which of these devices has the least (RAM)?

smartphone

A digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data, and provides output is a

computer

In an all-in-one computer, such as the one pictured in the image, the motherboard is housed behind the

monitor

Match the cache. 1. Memory located directly on the processor itself 2. Memory located next to the processor 3. Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency

1. Memory located directly on the processor itself -L1 cache 2. Memory located next to the processor - L3 cache 3. Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency -Disk cache

The smallest unit of storage is called a ________________ . It is the data held or processed by a single transistor.

bit

Screen size is measured by the ___.

diagonal distance between the upper right and lower left corners of the screen.

Screen size is measured ___ across the monitor.

diagonally

A computer that is integrated (is a part of) with a larger device, such as a programmable thermostat, is called a(n) _________________computer. It has a real-time operating system (RTOS).

embedded

The computer that can be found inside a digital watch (not an iWatch) is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system.

embedded

While an advanced research laboratory might have a supercomputer, a business that handles numerous simultaneous transactions would not need a supercomputer. An organization that needs to process thousands of simultaneous transactions probably has a ___ computer

mainframe

Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and can execute two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a ___________ -core processor.

multi

Media players allow you to listen to audio files such as music, podcasts, listen to audio books, and watch videos. Media players are often referred to as _____ Media Players due to their transportability and customization.

personal

The Apple iPod, Google Chromecast, Amazon Kindle Fire and Roku are examples of _____ Media Players.

personal

This close-up of the side of a laptop computer. To the left of the HDMI port is a(n)___ .

VGA port

Represented by either a 0 or 1, a ____ is the smallest unit of data a computer can process.

Bit

This type of connector is the most common for connecting peripherals (printers, monitors, storage devices, etc.) to a computer.

USB

Solid ___________________ Drives (SSDs) are all-electronic storage devices that are used in a variety of products including smartphones, cameras, and tablet computers. SSDs have no moving parts, which makes them faster and more durable than hard drives.

state

The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer. For example, in this laptop, it is located under the keyboard.

system

Some computers use _____ , an 8-bit coding scheme to represent characters in a binary format.

ASCII

The windows 10 app used remove unwanted files from your computer's hard drive is called __________Cleanup.

Disk

Click 3 characteristics of desktop computers.

-Desktops are often used in offices since they do not need to be mobile. -Desktops use a full OS. -Desktops allow for relatively easy upgrade and expansion.

Which of the following provide data storage?

-External hard drive -solid-state drive (SSD) -Server bank

Which two of the following statements are correct regarding the CPU?

-The CPU is located on the motherboard of the computer. -The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor.

For which of the following two reasons, you might purchase a tablet computer rather than a laptop?

-You need a computer that you can use while walking -You need a highly mobile computer that works well for reading e-books or Netflix

Match the following computers with their characteristics. 1. All-in- one computers 2. Laptop Computer 3. Tablet computer 4. Desktop computer

1. All-in- one computers -Designed to stay on a desk. Provides a large monitor but takes up less space than a desktop computer 2. Laptop Computer Designed for those who need a mobile computer but need to enter a large amount of data 3. Tablet computer -Highly mobile device that can be used while standing or even walking 4. Desktop computer -Designed for power users. Has a relatively large footprint.

Match the following. 1. Connector 2. USB 3. Port 4. FireWire

1. Connector -On a cable, the connector is the end that connects to a port. 2. USB -allows for data transfer between devices and for devices to be electrically charged 3. Port -a slot or hole that matches the cord or expansion card being connected to the port 4. FireWire -a type of Thunderbolt port, commonly found on older Apple computers

Which computer component found on the motherboard (magnified in the image) is often called the brains of the computer?

CPU

Many computers today use _____, which is a coding scheme using at least 16 bits to represent a character. Multiple choice question. Windows

Unicode

A short-distance wireless communications technology, _____________, uses relatively short-wavelength radio waves to transfer data between devices like phones, speakers, and headphones.

bluetooth