CIS115 - Chapter 1

A bit that is turned off represents the following value: __________.

0

What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?

A compiler translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program. An interpreter both translates and executes the instructions of a high-level program.

What would you call a device that works with binary data?

A device that works with binary data is called digital data.

A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is __________.

ASCII

A syntax error does not prevent a program from being compiled and executed.

F

Assembly language is considered a high-level language.

F

Images, like the ones you make with your digital camera, cannot be stored as binary numbers.

F

Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches.

F

Windows Vista, Linux, UNIX, and Mac OSX are all examples of application software.

F

Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email programs, web browsers, and games are all examples of utility programs.

F

What are the words that make up a high-level programming language called?

Keywords, or reserved words

What are the short words that are used in assembly language called?

Nmeumonics

What type of software controls the internal operations of the computer's hardware?

Operating System

This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running.

RAM

An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a highlevel language program.

T

Any piece of data that is stored in a computer's memory must be stored as a binary number.

T

Machine language is the only language that a CPU understands.

T

Main memory is also known as RAM.

T

Why is the CPU the most important component in a computer?

The CPU is the most important component in a computer because without it, the computer could not run software.

What number does a bit that is turned on represent? What number does a bit that is turned off represent?

The number 1 represents a bit that is turned on. A bit that is turned off is the number 0.

If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see __________.

a stream of binary numbers

A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called __________.

an input device

The __________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program.

assembler

In the __________ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s.

binary

A byte is made up of eight __________.

bits

A __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.

byte

A(n) __________ program translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program.

compiler

In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform.

decode

Real numbers are encoded using the __________ technique.

floating point

The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as __________.

hardware

The words that make up a high-level programming language are called __________.

key words

Computers can only execute programs that are written in __________.

machine language

The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in __________.

main memory

Today, CPUs are small chips known as __________.

microprocessors

A video display is a(n) __________ device.

output device

The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called __________.

pixels

A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.

program

A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer, is called __________.

secondary storage

The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called __________.

syntax

The part of a computer that runs programs is called __________.

the CPU

Negative numbers are encoded using the __________ technique.

two's compliment

An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the world is __________.

unicode