CIS260Quiz2

gerneral purpose

A CPU is a(n) ____________ processor capable of performing many different tasks simply by changing the program.

Algorithm

A problem-solving procedure that requires executing one or more comparison and branch instructions is called a(n) ____________.

formula

A program that solves a(n) ____________ requires no branching instructions.

network

A(n) ____________ consists of hardware and software components that enable multiple users and computers to share information, software, and hardware resources.

instruction

A(n) ____________ is a command to the CPU to perform one processing function on one or more data inputs.

Server

A(n) ____________ is a computer that manages shared resources and allows other computers to access them through a network.

grid

A(n) ____________ is a group of dissimilar computer systems, connected by a high-speed network, that cooperate to provide services or run an application.

cluster

A(n) ____________ is a group of similar or identical computers, connected by a high-speed network, that cooperate to provide services or run a shared application.

register

A(n) ____________ is a storage location implemented in the CPU.

operating system

A(n) ____________ is the most common type of system software.

supercomputer

A(n) ____________ typically uses the latest and most expensive technology.

volatility

Key characteristics that distinguish primary and secondary storage include cost, capacity, speed, and ____________.

programming language

Most programs are written in a(n) ____________, such as FORTRAN or Java, which is then translated into equivalent CPU instructions.

mainframes

One type or class of larger servers includes ____________, which are generally optimized for data storage and I/O capability.

system bus

The __________ enables the CPU, primary storage, and secondary storage devices to communicate.

Secondary Storage

The term ____________ describes the collection of storage devices that hold large quantities of data for long periods.

Primary Storage

The term ____________ refers to storage devices, not located in the CPU, that hold instructions and data of currently running programs.

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

WWW resources are identified and accessed by a(n) ____________.

virtualization

____________ is a technique that enables a single computer to host multiple virtual machines.

Grosch's Law

____________ says that larger computer classes are more cost-efficient than smaller ones - a statement that doesn't accurately describe modern computing hardware.