Cisco 8-10
Which IPv4 address can a host use to ping the loopback interface?
127.0.0.1
What does a code of "O" indicate next to a route in the routing table?
A route learned dynamically from OSPF
What property of ARP allows MAC addresses of frequently used servers to be fixed in the ARP table?
A static IP-to-MAC address entry can be entered manually into an ARP table
Where are IPv4 address to Layer 2 Ethernet address mappings maintained on a host computer?
ARP cache
Which statement is true about ARP?
ARP entries are cached temporarily
What statement describes the function of the Address Resolution Protocol?
ARP is used to discover the MAC address of any host on the local network
What is an attack using ARP?
ARP poisoning
What two protocols are used to determine the MAC address of a known destination device IP address (IPv4 and IPv6)?
ARP, ND
Why is NAT not needed in IPv6?
Any host or user can get a public IPv6 network address because the number of available IPv6 addresses is extremely large
Which statement regarding the service password-encryption command is true?
As soon as the service password-encryption command is entered, all currently set passwords formerly displayed in plain text are encrypted
Which delivery method does not guarantee that the packet will be delivered fully without errors?
Best effort
What happens when the transport input ssh command is entered on the switch vty lines?
Communication between the switch and remote users is encrypted
What is a basic characteristic of the IP protocol?
Connectionless
A router receives a packet from the Gigabit 0/0 interface and determines that the packet needs to be forwarded out the Gigabit 0/1 interface. What will the router do next?
Create a new Layer 2 Ethernet frame to be sent to the destination
Which layer is responsible for taking an IP packet and preparing it for transmission over the communications medium?
Data link layer
This type of route is also known as a gateway of last resort.
Default route
Which field in an IPv4 packet header will typically stay the same during its transmission?
Destination Address
When a router receives a packet, what information must be examined in order for the packet to be forwarded to a remote destination?
Destination IP address
Which information is used by routers to forward a data packet toward its destination?
Destination IP address
Which are the two most commonly referenced fields in an IPv4 packet header that indicate where the packet is coming from and where it is going? (Choose two.)
Destination IP address Source IP address
Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header that contains a unicast, multicast, or broadcast address?
Destination IPv4 address
What important information is examined in the Ethernet frame header by a Layer 2 device in order to forward the data onward?
Destination MAC address
What addresses are mapped by ARP?
Destination MAC address to a destination IPv4 address
Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header that contains an 8-bit binary value used to determine the priority of each packet?
Differentiated services
What property of ARP causes cached IP-to-MAC mappings to remain in memory longer?
Entries in an ARP table are time-stamped and are purged after the timeout expires
A new network administrator has been asked to enter a banner message on a Cisco device. What is the fastest way a network administrator could test whether the banner is properly configured?
Exit privileged EXEC mode and press Enter
Which destination address is used in an ARP request frame?
FFFF.FFFF.FFFF
When transporting data from real-time applications, such as streaming audio and video, which field in the IPv6 header can be used to inform the routers and switches to maintain the same path for the packets in the same conversation?
Flow label
What is the term for splitting up an IP packet when forwarding it from one medium to another medium with a smaller MTU?
Fragmentation
Which field is used to detect corruption in the IPv4 header?
Header Checksum
Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header used to detect corruption in the IPv4 header?
Header checksum
Which field in an IPv6 packet is used by the router to determine if a packet has expired and should be dropped?
Hop Limit
Which three options are major issues associated with IPv4? (Choose three.)
IP address depletion, increased network complexity and Internet routing table expansion, lack of end-to-end connectivity
What type of information is contained in an ARP table?
IP address to MAC address mappings
Which statement describes a feature of the IP protocol?
IP relies on upper layer services to handle situations of missing or out-of-order packets
Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of IPv4?
IPv4 has a 32-bit address space
Which two options are improvements provided by IPv6 as compared to IPv4? (Choose two.)
Increased the IP address space, uses a simpler header to provide improved packet handling
Which is true of the IPv6 header?
It consists of 40 octets, and it contains 8 header fields
What will a Layer 2 switch do when the destination MAC address of a received frame is not in the MAC table?
It forwards the frame out of all ports except for the port at which the frame was received
What is the purpose of the banner motdcommand?
It provides a way to make announcements to those who log in to a router
Which action is taken by a Layer 2 switch when it receives a Layer 2 broadcast frame?
It sends the frame to all ports except the port on which it received the frame
The ARP table in a switch maps which two types of address together?
Layer 3 address to a Layer 2 address
Which three commands are used to set up secure access to a router through a connection to the console interface? (Choose three.)
Line console 0, login, password cisco
Which statement about host forwarding decisions is true?
Local hosts can reach each other without the need of a router
What property of ARP allows hosts on a LAN to send traffic to remote networks?
Local hosts learn the MAC address of the default gateway
What two functions are provided by ARP? (Choose two.)
Maintains a table of IPv4 to MAC address mappings, and resolves IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses
To what type of address are ICMPv6 neighbor solicitation messages sent?
Multicast
Which two ICMPv6 messages are used in to determine the MAC address of a known IPv6 address?
Neighbor advertisement and neighbor solicitation
Which two ICMPv6 messages are used during the Ethernet MAC address resolution process? (Choose two.)
Neighbor solicitation and neighbor advertisement
Which two types of IPv6 messages are used in place of ARP for address resolution?
Neighbor solicitation and neighbor advertisement
What are two potential network problems that can result from ARP operation? (Choose two.)
On large networks with low bandwidth, multiple ARP broadcasts could cause data communication delays Network attackers could manipulate MAC address and IP address mappings in ARP messages with the intent of intercepting network traffic
Which two functions are primary functions of a router? (Choose two.)
Packet forwarding and path selection
What IPv4 header field identifies the upper layer protocol carried in the packet?
Protocol
Which field includes common values such as ICMP (1), TCP (6), and UDP (17)?
Protocol
Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header used to identify the next level protocol?
Protocol
Where is the ARP table stored on a device?
RAM
Which router component holds the routing table, ARP cache, and running configuration file?
RAM
What routing table entry has a next hop address associated with a destination network?
Remote routes
What is a function of ARP?
Resolving IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses
What is one function of the ARP protocol?
Resolving an IPv4 address to a MAC address
Which two ICMPv6 messages are used in SLAAC?
Router advertisement and router solicitation
An administrator is configuring a new router to permit out-of-band management access. Which set of commands will allow the required login using a password of cisco?
Router(config)# line console 0 Router(config-line)# password cisco Router(config-line)# login
Which command is used to encrypt all passwords in a router configuration file?
Router_A(config)# service password-encryption
What are two services provided by the OSI network layer? (Choose two.)
Routing packets toward the destination Encapsulating PDUs from the transport layer
Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header that contains a 32-bit binary value associated with an interface on the sending device?
Source IPv4 address
What information is added during encapsulation at OSI Layer 3?
Source and destination IP address
Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header used to limit the lifetime of a packet?
TTL
A network technician issues the arp -d * command on a PC after the router that is connected to the LAN is reconfigured. What is the result after this command is issued?
The ARP cache is cleared
Which is true of the IPv6 packet header?
The Hop Limit field replaces the IPv4 Time to Live field
Which characteristic describes an IPv6 enhancement over IPv4?
The IPv6 header is simpler than the IPv4 header is, which improves packet handling
What destination MAC address would be included in a frame sent from a source device to a destination device on the same local network?
The MAC address of the destination device
What destination MAC address would be included in a frame sent from a source device to a destination device on a remote local network?
The MAC address of the local router interface
When an IP packet is sent to a host on a remote network, what information is provided by ARP?
The MAC address of the router interface closest to the sending host
How does the network layer use the MTU value?
The MTU is passed to the network layer by the data link layer
What information does the loopback test provide?
The TCP/IP stack on the device is working correctly
A computer can access devices on the same network but cannot access devices on other networks. What is the probable cause of this problem?
The computer has an invalid default gateway address
What is the effect of using the Router# copy running-config startup-config command on a router?
The contents of NVRAM will change
Which default gateway statement is true?
The default gateway address is the IP address of the router on the local network
Within a production network, what is the purpose of configuring a switch with a default gateway address?
The default gateway address is used to forward packets originating from the switch to remote networks
What property of ARP causes the request to be flooded out all ports of a switch except for the port receiving the ARP request?
The destination MAC address FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF appears in the header of the Ethernet frame
What property of ARP forces all Ethernet NICs to process an ARP request?
The destination MAC address FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF appears in the header of the Ethernet frame
Under which two circumstances will a switch flood a frame out of every port except the port that the frame was received on? (Choose two.)
The frame has the broadcast address as the destination address The destination address is unknown to the switch
What will happen if the default gateway address is incorrectly configured on a host?
The host cannot communicate with hosts in other networks.
Which characteristic describes the default gateway of a host computer?
The logical address of the router interface on the same network as the host computer
Which parameter does the router use to choose the path to the destination when there are multiple routes available?
The lower metric value that is associated with the destination network
A computer has to send a packet to a destination host in the same LAN. How will the packet be sent?
The packet will be sent directly to the destination host
What property of ARP causes a reply only to the source sending an ARP request?
The source MAC address appears in the header of the Ethernet frame
Which statement is correct about IPv4 packet header fields?
The source and destination IPv4 addresses remain the same while traveling from source to destination
What is stored in the NVRAM of a Cisco router?
The startup configuration
The global configuration command ip default-gateway 172.16.100.1 is applied to a switch. What is the effect of this command?
The switch can be remotely managed from a host on another network
What property of ARP causes the NICs receiving an ARP request to pass the data portion of the Ethernet frame to the ARP process?
The type field 0x806 appears in the header of the Ethernet frame
Which is a characteristic of static routes?
They are manually configured
Which statement describes the treatment of ARP requests on the local link?
They are received and processed by every device on the local network
How do hosts ensure that their packets are directed to the correct network destination?
They have to keep their own local routing table that contains a route to the loopback interface, a local network route, and a remote default route.
A PC is configured to obtain an IP address automatically from network 192.168.1.0/24. The network administrator issues the arp -acommand and notices an entry of 192.168.1.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff. Which statement describes this entry?
This is a static map entry
Which field in the IPv4 header is used to prevent a packet from traversing a network endlessly?
Time-to-Live
What is the aim of an ARP spoofing attack?
To associate IP addresses to the wrong MAC address
What is the purpose of the startup configuration file on a Cisco router?
To contain the commands that are used to initially configure a router on startup
How does the ARP process use an IP address?
To determine the MAC address of a device on the same network
What is the purpose of ARP in an IPv4 network?
To obtain a specific MAC address when an IP address is known
What was the reason for the creation and implementation of IPv6?
To relieve IPv4 address depletion
What are two functions of NVRAM? (Choose two.)
To retain contents when power is removed and to store the startup configuration file
Which OSI layer sends segments to be encapsulated in an IPv4 or IPv6 packet?
Transport layer
True or False? A router can be configured with a combination of both static routes and a dynamic routing protocol.
True
When a connectionless protocol is in use at a lower layer of the OSI model, how is missing data detected and retransmitted if necessary?
Upper-layer connection-oriented protocols keep track of the data received and can request retransmission from the upper-level protocols on the sending host
Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header that contains a 4-bit binary value set to 0100?
Version
A technician is configuring a router to allow for all forms of management access. As part of each different type of access, the technician is trying to type the command login. Which configuration mode should be entered to do this task?
any line configuration mode
A cybersecurity analyst believes an attacker is spoofing the MAC address of the default gateway to perform a man-in-the-middle attack. Which command should the analyst use to view the MAC address a host is using to reach the default gateway?
arp -a
Company policy requires using the most secure method to safeguard access to the privileged exec and configuration mode on the routers. The privileged exec password is trustknow1. Which of the following router commands achieves the goal of providing the highest level of security?
enable secret trustknow1
Which command can be used on a Windows host to display the routing table?
netstat -r
Which two commands could be entered on a Windows host to view its IPv4 and IPv6 routing table? (Choose two.)
netstat -r route print
What will be the response from the router after the command, "router(config)# hostname portsmouth" is entered?
portsmouth(config)#
Which CLI mode allows users to access all device commands, such as those used for configuration, management, and troubleshooting?
privileged EXEC mode
Which command could be used on a Cisco router to view its ARP table?
show ip arp
Which command can be used on a Cisco router to display all interfaces, the IPv4 address assigned, and the current status?
show ip interface brief
What is the command used on a Cisco IOS router to view the routing table?
show ip route
A router boots and enters setup mode. What is the reason for this?
the configuration file is missing from NVRAM
