CIT 352 Final Exam Study Guide
Where is the default document root directory for the Apache web server?
/var/www/html
Which term is used to describe the process of pushing new versions of a Web app to a cloud provider for testing?
CD
Chronyd is an NTP daemon that offers a faster response time compared to the ntpd daemon. True or False?
True
does enabling higher level of messages show all lower-level messages as well?
Yes, for example The debugging level, or level 7, shows all messages.
Which command can be used to see processes running in the background? a.) bg b.) jobs c.) ps -% d.) fg
b.) jobs
Which of the following commands extracts an archive? cpio -vocBL /dev/fd0 cpio -vicdu -I /dev/fd0 cpio -vicdu -O /dev/fd0 cpio -vti -I /dev/fd0
cpio -vicdu -I /dev/fd0
You have modified the /etc/aliases file to include a new email alias. However, when you send email to the alias, it can not be delivered. What should you do?
b.) Run the newaliases command.
When you run the ps command, how are daemon processes recognized? a.) The terminal is listed as tty0. b.) There is a question mark in the TTY column c.) There is an asterisk in the STIME column. d.) There is a "d" for daemon in the terminal identification column.
b.) There is a question mark in the TTY column.
The at command is used to _______________. a.) schedule processes to run periodically in the background b.) schedule processes to run periodically on a recurring basis in the future c.) schedule processes to run at a single instance in the future d.) schedule processes to run in the foreground
c.) schedule processes to run at a single instance in the future
You use lpstat and determine that a user named User1 has placed two large print jobs in the queue for Printer1 that have yet to start printing. They have print job IDs of Printer1-17 and Printer1-21, respectively. Which command would you use to remove these two jobs from the print queue? cancel Printer1-17 Printer1-21 cancel -u Printer1-17 Printer1-21 cancel -a Printer1-17 Printer1-21 cancel 17 21
cancel Printer1-17 Printer1-21
Which command below can be used at a BASH command prompt to obtain a web page?
curl
How do you assign an IPV4 address using DHCP on modern Fedora? (sa)
dhcclient <INTF> BOOTPRO=dhcp (in configuration file)
How do you assign an IPv4 address using DHCP on modern Fedora?
dhclient <INTF> BOOTPROTO=dhcp (in configuration file)
How do you assign an IPv4 address using DHCP on modern Ubuntu?
dhclient <INTF> BOOTPROTO=dhcp (in configuration file)
Which commands can you use or could you have used to install a package on Fedora? (sa)
dnf rpm yum memory - not fed
Find the match:
dnf install <package> - Install Package dnf list <package> - Check if <package> is installed dnf upgrade <package> - Update <package> dnf remove <package> - Delete <package>
Which command can be used to list containers that are currently running on the operating system only?
docker ps
When referring to the /etc/rsyslog.conf file, __________ specifies information from a certain area of the system, whereas ________ is the level of importance of that information. section, priority service, precedents process, degree facility, priority
facility, priority
Which of the following commands should be run following the installation of a shared library to update the /etc/ld.so.conf and /etc/ld.so.cache files? ldd updatedb ldconfig dpkg-reconfigure
ldconfig
on what level does the error messages regarding software or hardware malfunctions are displayed?
levels warning (4) through emergency (0) These types of messages mean that the functionality of the device is affected.
how to limit the types of logging message sent to the console?
logging console level no logging console
command for enabling and disabling of message logging?
logging on and no logging on
____ is the utility used to back up and clear log files from entries stored in the /etc/logrotate.conf file and files stored in the /etc/logrotate.d directory.
logrotate
Where do you find the configuration file for enp0s3 on a modern Ubuntu?
/etc/netplan/50-clound-init.yaml
Which file holds the methods to be used and the order in which they will be applied for host name resolution?
/etc/nsswitch.conf
What is the name of the file that contains a listing of all users on the system and their home directories? /etc/passwd /etc/users /etc/shadow /etc/password
/etc/passwd
Which file stores the IP addresses of the DNS servers used to resolve host names if no DNS servers are specified within the network configuration file for the network interface?
/etc/resolv.conf
The skeleton directory on most Linux systems is ____.
/etc/skel
Where do you find the configuration file for enp0s3 on a modern Fedora?
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3
What influences how the network interface is being configured? (sa)
Dynamic vs static assignment Temporal vs permanent configuration
T/F - Most printers are Plug and Play compatible and must be manually configured when they are plugged into the system.
False
T/F - The file that contains the configuration information for each printer installed on the system is /etc/cups/cupsd.conf.
False
The Debian Package Manager (DPM) is the default package manager used by Fedora 28. True False
False
The NetworkManager or Systemd-networkd components must be installed on a Linux system in order to configure an IP address on a network interface. True or False?
False
The bzip2 and gzip utilities use similar compression algorithms. True False
False
To install a new program from RPM software repositories on the Internet, you can use the dnf update programname command. True False
False
How is SSH used?
Login to a shell on a remote system X Window forwarding from a remote system
Which statements are true? (SA) [user1@linux ~]$ ps -f- user1 5994 2670 0 14:47 pts/2 00:00:00 bash user1 6044 5994 0 14:49 pts/2 00:00:00 bash user1 6466 6044 0 14:52 pts/2 00:00:00 gedit file user1 6548 6044 0 14:54 pts/2 00:00:00 ps -f
PPIS of ps -f is 6044 bash (6044) was started from bash (5994)
Which Windows program is often used to connect to a Linux server via SSH?
Putty
Which one is NOT a typical step involved in compiling and installing software on Linux? Run "make" shell script Run "install" shell script Run "configure" shell script Run "make install" shell script
Run "install" shell script
how do you configure a syslog?
To configure syslog, specify a syslog server host as a destination for syslog messages. Then indicate the message levels by severity and limit the syslog messages sent to syslog server based on the severity. R1(config)# logging 10.1.10.100 R1(config)# logging trap informational if you issue the command more than once, it will add a list of syslog servers that will all receive the logging messages
The lines within the Apache configuration file that modify the functionality of the Apache are called directives. True or False?
True
You can clear a log file simply by redirecting nothing in to it. (True or False?)
True
You can clear a log file simply by redirecting nothing into it. True or False? True False
True
You can lock a user account by changing the default login shell to an invalid shell in /etc/passwd. True False
True
How do you place a command that's running in the foreground into the background?
Type CTRL +z followed by bg and press the enter key
What port is used by the Network Time Protocol (NTP) for communication?
UDP 123
The unique User ID that is assigned to each user is called ____.
UID
When a printer is rejecting requests,____________. a.) the print queue does not accept jobs and sends a message to the user noting that the printer is unavailable b.) the print queue does accept jobs into the print queue and holds them there until the printer is accepting requests again c.) the printer appears as off-line when a lp request is sent d.) the print queue redirects all print jobs sent to it to /dev/null
a.) the print queue does not accept jobs and sends a message to the user noting that the printer is unavailable
T/F - A user can only be a member of one group.
False
T/F - In the CUPS printing system, the lpr command is used to print documents to the print queue.
False
T/F - To clear a log file, you can use a < redirection symbol.
False
UIDs and GIDs are unique to the system and once used can never be reused. (True or False?)
False
When the same program is executed twice it will have the same PID
False
Which of the following utilities can be used to check TCP/IP configuration and test network connectivity? (Choose all that apply.)
ifconfig iwconfig ping nmcli
The IP address of 127.0.0.1 is also referred to as the _____.
loopback address
To send a print job to a printer, you must first use the ____ command and specify what to print.
lp
Which command could you use to (effectively) pal a user account? (sa)
passwd -l <userid> usermod -L <userid> usermod -s /sbin/nologin <userid>
To see a list of all printers on the system and their status, you can use the -t option to the ____ command.
lpstat
Which commands may be used to display a routing path from the source to the destination?
mtr, traceroute
After modifying the /etc/aliases file, what command must be run in order to rebuild the aliases database?
newaliases
Which commands can you use to view process information? (SA)
ps top
Which command can be used to connect to a remote Windows share called data on the server called fileserver?
smbclient //fileserver/data
Accepting print jobs into a print queue is called ____.
spooling
Which of the following can be used to provide graphical remote administration? (Choose all that apply.)
ssh -X VNC
how do you enable logging in a network connection ?
terminal monitor
When a printer is disabled, ________. the print queue does not accept jobs and sends a message to the user noting that the printer is unavailable the print queue accepts jobs into the print queue and holds them there until the printer is enabled again the printer appears as offline when an lp request is sent the print queue redirects all print jobs sent to it to /dev/null
the print queue accepts jobs into the print queue and holds them there until the printer is enabled again
For the network interface configuration to survive reboot, it must be saved in a configuration file (T/F)
true
In order to change the time zone of a system after installation, what command must be used?
tzselect
What command do you use to add a user with the default home directory?
user add -m <userid>
You can create user accounts on the Linux system by using the ____ command.
useradd
What command do you use to add a user with the default home directory? useradd -h <userid> useradd -m <userid> useradd -r <userid> useradd -G <userid>
useradd -m <userid>
What command do you use to delete a user account along with his/her home directory?
userdel -r <userid>
What command do you use to delete a user account along with his/her home directory? userdel -h <userid> userdel -m <userid> userdel -r <userid> userdel -G <userid>
userdel -r <userid>
what command do you use to delete a user account alone with his/her home directory
userdel -r <userid>
Which command is used to delete a user account? usermod -d username del username userdel username rm username
userdel username
Which command can you use to lock a user account? lock username secure username usermod -L username useradd -L username
usermod -L username
Which one iS NOT a Linux compression tool?
zap/unzap
Which file contains default information such as UID and GID ranges and minimum password length to be used at user creation? /etc/skel /etc/passwd /etc/login.defs /etc/default/useradd
/etc/login.defs
Where do you find the configuration file for dnp0s3 on a modern Ubuntu?
/etc/netplan/50-cloud.int.yaml
Which file would you modify to permanently change the IP address of a network interface on a Fedora 28 system?
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp8s0
Where do you find the configuration file for the enp03 on a modern Fedora?
/etc/sysconfig/networkd-scripts/ifcg-enp0s3
What directory are you placed in when you log in as the anonymous user to an Ubuntu Server 14.04 FTP server?
/srv/ftp
What directory are you placed in when you log in as the anonymous user to an Ubuntu Server 18 FTP server?
/srv/ftp
Log files are typically stored in the ____ directory.
/var/log
Most log files on the system are found in which directory? /etc/logfiles /etc/log /var/log /dev/log
/var/log
What zone configuration file contains a PTR record used to identify the loopback adapter?
/var/named/named.local
What is VNC?
Remote Desktop Application
You have created a full backup and four incremental backups. In which order must you restore these backups? 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0, 4, 3, 2, 1 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 1, 2, 3, 4, 0
0, 1, 2, 3, 4
By default, all print jobs have a priority of ____.
50
How can you specify the intended DNS server to query with the dig command?
@server
The ____ priority used by the System Log Daemon indicates an error that should be rectified immediately, such as a corrupt system database.
Alert
How is a name translated to an IP address? (sa)
By querying the DNS server By consulting the /etc/hosts file
Docker uses _________ technology.
Container
Which SQL statement key word can be used to delete a record within a table?
DELETE
Along with a listing of user accounts, the /etc/passwd file contains information on account expiry. True False
False
DHCP clients send a DHCPREQUEST packet when they need to renew their IP configuration. True or False?
False
Only the administrator can display the content of /etc/passwd
False
The ____ log file contains information and error messages regarding network access generated by daemons such as sshd and xinetd.
Secure
what is syslog?
Syslog is a protocol that was initially designed as part of the UNIX operating system. It is defined in RFC 3164. Syslog separates the generation of messages from the storage of messages. This allows a machine to send event notification messages across IP networks to event message collectors (syslog servers) and/or its own buffer or local storage. The default behavior of a Cisco IOS device sends the output from system messages and debug privileged EXEC commands to a logging process running within the device.
how can you see the buffered logs?
System messages may also be buffered and seen using the show logging command in privileged mode.
PaaS cloud providers host sandboxed Web apps using containers for scalability. True or False?
TRUE
Which one is NOT a common cloud architecture?
TaaS
Which one Is NOT a common cloud architecture
Taas
Which statements are true? (SA)
The lower the nice value is, the higher the chance will be for the specified process to receive more time slice An owner of a process can "be nice" to another process by increasing the nice value
As daemon processes are not associated with terminals, you must use the -e switch with the ps command to view them. (True or False?)
True
DHCP clients send a DHCPREQUEST packet when they require a new IP configuration. True or False?
True
DNF resolves packages dependencies automatically?
True
Linux system can function as a router by enabling IP forwarding and entering the static IP routes and/or running a dynamic routing protocol such as RIP (T/F)
True
Most source code is typically available on the Internet in tarball format or as a git repository. True or False? True False
True
SSH encrypts all traffic that passes across the network, whereas telnet does not. True or False?
True
T or F dnf resolves package dependencies automatically.
True
T or F: For the network interface configuration to survive the reboot, it must be saved in a configuration file.
True
T or F: Linux system can function as a router by enabling IP forwarding and entering the static IP routes and/or running a dynamic routing protocol such as RIP.
True
T/F - CUPS contains versions of the lpr, lpc, lpq, and lprm commands.
True
T/F - If you want to enable a printer, you must specify the printer name to the cupsenable command.
True
T/F - Sending print jobs from a print queue to a printer is commonly called printing.
True
You have opened a telnet session on port 25 with your email server. What command can you type within your telnet session to start an email session? (Choose all that apply.)
b. HELOc. EHLO
What is the background process responsible for printing on Fedora Linux? a.) lp b.) cupsd c.) lpd d.) lpstat
b.) cupsd
Which process will always have a PID of 1 and a PPID of 0? a.) the kernel itself b.) ps c.) init d.) top
c.) init
Which command is used to gain real-time information about processes running on the system with the most processor-intensive processes listed at the beginning of the list? a.) ps b.) ps -elf c.) top d.) top -l
c.) top
Where are individual user tasks scheduled to run with the cron daemon stored? a.) /etc/crontab b.) /etc/cron/(the user's login name) c.) /var/spool/cron d.) /var/spool/cron/(the user's login name)
d.) /var/spool/cron/(the user's login name)
How can you bypass the wait function and send a user process to the background?
d.) You can use the Ctrl+z key combination and the bg command.
The killall command terminates _________. a.) all instances of a process with the same PPID b.) all instances of a process with the same PID c.) all instances of a process with the same priority d.) all instances of a process with the same name
d.) all instances of a process with the same name
Every process has a process ID and a_______. a.) fork process b.) daemon c.) child process d.) parent process ID
d.) parent process ID
Which command entered without arguments is used to display a list of processes running in the current shell? a.) ppid b.) list c.) pid d.) ps
d.) ps
How do you sign an IPV4 address using DHCP on modern Ubuntu?
dhclient <INTF> djcp4 yes (in configuration file) dhcp4:true (in configuration file) memory - Ubuntu no BootProto
What command can you use to view journald log entries on a system that uses Systemd? less journalctl syslog catlog
journalctl
Which command within the command-line FTP utility can be used to change the current directory on the local computer?
lcd
What command is used to view and modify user jobs scheduled to run with cron? a. crontab b. cron c. ps d. sched
a. crontab
What is the name of the file that contains a listing of all users on the system and their home directories? a.) /etc/passwd b.) /etc/users c.) /etc/shadow d.) /etc/password
a.) /etc/passwd
Which of the following must you perform to share a directory using NFS? (Choose all that apply.)
a.) Edit the /etc/exports file.c.) Run the exportfs -a command.d.) Start or restart the NFS daemons.
Which of the following can be used to create a database within PostgreSQL? (Choose all that apply.)
a.) The CREATE DATABASE statement within the PostgreSQL utility.
What FTP command runs a shell on the local computer?
!
what FTP command runs a shell on the local computer?
!
Any line that starts with a(n) ____ character is a comment in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file.
#
Which filename extension indicates a tarball? .tar.xz .cpio .dump .tar
.tar.xz
The primary Group ID for a user is called ____.
GID
Which one is NOT a step in setting up a user account on a Linux system?
Mount a USB drive for the user
Which is NOT a Linux backup tool
ee (tar, cpio, dump/restore ARE)
Ifconfig command is deprecated in most modern distros (T/F)
true
What is a shared library? (Select two) A binary file that contains function calls that are used by multiple applications Has the .sl extension Placed under /lib/ or /lib64/ directory typically Unique to Linux which is not found in Windows OS
A binary file that contains function calls that are used by multiple applications Placed under /lib/ or /lib64/ directory typically
The ____ option to the lpstat command causes a list of printers that are enabled to be displayed.
-p
You can specify the ____ option to the userdel command to remove the home directory for the user and all of its contents.
-r
Under which conditions can user1 schedule a command using at command?
/etc/at.allow does not exist. /etc/at.deny exists with user2 in it, not user1 /etc/at.allow exists with user1 in it. /etc/at.deny also exists with user1 in it
Where is the default document root directory for the Apahe web server?
/var/www/html
In NTP, what stratum consists of atomic devices or GPS clocks?
0
messages from syslog are assigned a severity level when created, what are they?
0 - Emergency - system is unusable (also called "panic") 1 - Alert - Immediate action is needed 2 - Critical - critical condition 3 - Error - error condition 4 - Warning - warning condition 5 - Notification - normal but significant condition 6 - Informational - information message only 7 - Debugging - appears during debugging only
When will the following entry in the user crontab be executed? 1 2 3 4 * /bin/go_catch_Pokemon
1 minute after 2 am on the 3rd of April memory minute hour day month
What is the maximum number of characters that can be used in a NetBIOS name?
15
Which statements are true as you examine the following output? [user1@linux]$ ps -f UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD user1 5994 2670 0 14:47 pts/2 00:00:00 bash user1 6878 5994 0 17:04 pts/2 00:00:00 ps -f
bash was blocked while the ps command was running The command $ ps -f given at the bash command prompt is shown as the ps -f process in the output
Which one is NOT a command used to terminate a process or processes?
terminate
Only the administrator can display the content of /etc/passwd True False
False
You can purchase object storage from a cloud provider to provide persistent filesystem-based storage. True or False?
False
How is SSH used? (sa)
Login to a shell on a remote system X Window forwarding from a remote system
You can restrict who can print to certain printers by using the ____ command.
lpadmin
How do you bring the "sleep 500" process to the foreground? [user1@okuda 145]$ jobs [1] Running sleep 400 & [2]- Running sleep 500 & [3]+ Running sleep 600 &
$ fg %2
How do you bring the "sleep 500" process to the foreground? [user1@okuda 145]$ jobs [1] Running sleep 400 & [2]- Running sleep 500 & [3]+ Running sleep 600 &
$ fg %2
How do you display the background processes running in the current shell?
$ jobs
How do you start a sleep command to run in the background?
$ sleep <time> &
Why does everyone have 'x' in the password field of /etc/passwd file? It is a sign that /etc/passwd file has been corrupted 'x' indicates there is an error in the account settings 'x' means the actual password is saved in /etc/shadow 'x' signifies that the account is locked
'x' means the actual password is saved in /etc/shadow
What will be in (1), (2), (3), (4)? #! /bin/bash # # Kill a specified process # Usage: killp <killsig> <PID> function kill_a_process () { echo "DEBUG: PID= (3) KILLSIG= (4)" } kill_a_process (1) (2)
(1) $1, (2) $2, (3) $2, (4) $1
What will be in (1), (2), (3), (4)? #! /bin/bash # # Kill a specified process # Usage: killp <killsig> <PID> function kill_a_process () { echo "DEBUG: PID= (3) KILLSIG= (4)" } kill_a_process (1) (2)
(1) $1, (2) $2, (3) $2, (4) $1 memory notes - 1-2-2-1
What value will be displayed at (1) and (2)? $ ls file1 (file1 exists) $ echo "$?" (1) $ ls file2 (file2 does not exist) $ echo "$?" 2 $ echo "$?" (2)
(1) 0, (2) 0 *memory note - 10 20*
Which statements are true as you examine the following output? [user1@linux]$ ps -f UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD user1 5994 2670 0 14:47 pts/2 00:00:00 bash user1 6878 5994 0 17:04 pts/2 00:00:00 ps -f
*bash was blocked while the ps command was running *The command $ ps -f given at the bash command prompt is shown as the ps -f process in the output
To lock an account, you can use the usermod command with the ____ option.
-L
Which option to the dpkg command can be used to list the files that comprise a package? -l -L -s -i
-L
The lp command uses the ____ option to specify the destination printer name.
-d
Which option to the rpm command can be used to remove a package from the system? -r -e -u -U
-e
When compiling source code into a binary program, which command performs a system check and creates the Makefile? tar ./configure make make install
./configure
Files that have been compressed using the xz utility typically have the ______ extension. .zip .gz .xz .bz2
.xz
Under which conditions can user1 schedule a command using at command? (sa)
/etc/at.allow does not exist. /etc/at.deny exists with user2 in it, not user1 /etc/at.allow exists with user1 in it. /etc/at.deny also exists with user1 in it memory - does not & user1 first
Which file stores the Apache configuration in Fedora 20?
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Which file stores the Apache configuration in Fedora 28?
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Which dump level indicates a full backup? 0 9 1 f
0
Which of the following port numbers is associated with SSH?
22
Which of the following are stand-alone daemons? (Choose all that apply.)
Apache (httpd) DNS (named)
Which DNS resource record is an alias to other records?
CNAME
The most common printing system used on Linux computers is ____.
CUPS
What must you do in order to become a DNS server? (Choose all that apply.)
Create resource records for DNS lookups
What must you do to transform your computer into a DNS server? (Choose all that apply.)
Create zone filesCreate NIS maps.Run the name daemon (named)
What kind of servers resolve fully qualified domain names to IP addresses for a certain namespace on the Internet?
DNS
What are two means available to resolve a host name to the appropriate IP address? (Choose two answers.)
DNS /etc/hosts
Select the SQL statement below that can be used to delete a database:
DROP DATABASE
What directive below in Apache's http.conf file specifies that the index.html file in the document root directory will be sent to clients who request an HTML document
DirectoryIndex index.html
What directive below in Apache's httpd.conf file specifies that the index.html file in the document root directory will be sent to clients who request an HTML document?
DirectoryIndex index.html
Which methods describe a typical Linux software installation process? (Select two) You Answered Download an executable and let the installer extract and install Download a tarball, and manually extract, compile, and install Download a package and let the package manager extract and install. You Answered Download an image and let the installer extract and install
Download a tarball, and manually extract, compile, and install Download a package and let the package manager extract and install.
Which methods describe a typical Linux software installation process? (sa)
Download tarball, and manually extract, compile and install Download a package and let the package manager extract and install
The area of the system to listen to in non-comment entries in the /etc/syslog.conf file is the ____.
Facility
A process may have multiple parent processes
False
Along with a listing of user accounts, the /etc/passwd file also contains information on account expiry. (True or False?)
False
Each Linux workstation or server is configured with a default gateway and one or more DNS servers that exist on the local subnet (T/F)
False
Incremental backups back up the data that has been changed since the last full backup? (T/F)
False
NFS can be used to share files natively with computers running the Microsoft Windows operating system. True or False?
False
NIS clients use NIS records to access their configuration information. True or False?
False
Standalone daemons are started on demand using xinetd. True or False?
False
Stratum 1 NTP servers do not obtain time information from other NTP servers. True or False?
False
T/F - On most Linux systems, the logrotate utility is automatically scheduled to run weekly.
False
To kill a process running in the background, you must place a % character before its process ID. (True or False?)
False
Find the match for the fields in /etc/passwd. # getent user1 passwd user1:x:1000:1000:Adam Smith:/home/user1:/bin/bash Field 1 Field 2 Field 6 Field 7
Field 1 - userid Field 2 - password Field 6 - home directory Field 7 - shell
When working with Sendmail, what command can be used to test SMTO support?
HELO
When working with Sendmail, what command can be used to test SMTP support?
HELO
____ is a printing system used by many older Linux computers.
LPD
What DNS resource record type is used to provide the IP address for the e-mail server for a zone?
MX
Which one is NOT a step in setting up a user account on a Linux system? Create an account with the user's home directory Set the initial password Associate the user to groups Mount a USB drive for the user
Mount a USB drive for the user
Which describe journald? (Select two) Text log One log file for almost all system services Uses journalctl to view/extract log entries Older logging daemon
One log file for almost all system services Uses journalctl to view/extract log entries
Which statements are true? (SA) [user1@linux ~]$ ps -f - user1 5994 2670 0 14:47 pts/2 00:00:00 bash user1 6044 5994 0 14:49 pts/2 00:00:00 bash user1 6466 6044 0 14:52 pts/2 00:00:00 gedit file user1 6548 6044 0 14:54 pts/2 00:00:00 ps -f -
PPID of ps-f is 6044 bash (6044)( was started from bash (5994)
The ____ is the group that is made the group owner of any file or directory that the user creates.
Primary group
Which statements are true regarding packages and package managers. (Select two) Red Hat Package has the extension of .rpm Debian Package has the extension of .dpm rpm is the command to run Red Hat Package Manager dpm is the command to run Debian Package Manager
Red Hat Package has the extension of .rpm rpm is the command to run Red Hat Package Manager study hint*(nothing debian)
Which statements describe logrotate?
Renames log files with a numeric or date extension before creating a new one Older log files beyond the specified logging cycle are removed
Mary is a system administrator in your organization. She has recently made changes to the DHCP configuration file, but the DHCP daemon does not seem to recognize the new changes. What should she do?
Restart the DHCP daemon Create zone files, Run the name daemon (named),
Find the match
SIGHUP - 1 SIGINT - 2 SIGKILL - 9 SIGTERM - 15 **ALPHA ORDER**
The Apache daemon listens for HTTP requests on what port by default?
TCP 80
what command is used to log messages to an internal buffer?
The default logging device is the console all messages are displayed on the console unless otherwise specified.To log messages to an internal buffer, use the logging buffered router configuration command. This is the full syntax of this command: logging buffered no logging buffered The logging buffered command copies log messages to an internal buffer instead of writing them to the console. The buffer is circular in nature, so newer messages overwrite older messages. To display the messages that are logged in the buffer, use the privileged EXEC command show logging
T/F - The /etc/login.defs file contains parameters that set the default location for e-mail, password expiration information, minimum password length, range of UIDs and GIDs available for use.
True
The -9 option to the gzip utility results in a higher compression ratio. True False
True
The line that configures the host name for the computer at boot time can be found in /etc/hostname. True or False?
True
Which of the following statements is true? (Choose all that apply.) a.) If /etc/at.allow exists, only users listed in it can use the at command. b.) If /etc/cron.allow exists, only users listed in it can use the cron command. c.) If /etc/cron.deny exists and /etc/cron.allow does not exist, any user not listed in /etc/cron.deny can use the cron command. d.) If /etc/cron.allow and /etc/cron.deny exist, only users listed in the former can use the cron command and any listed in the latter are denied access to the cron command. e.) If a user is listed in both /etc/cron.allow and /etc/cron.deny, then /etc/cron.deny takes precedence and the user cannot access the crontab command.
a.) If /etc/at.allow exists, only users listed in it can use the at command. b.) If /etc/cron.allow exists, only users listed in it can use the cron command. c.) If /etc/cron.deny exists and /etc/cron.allow does not exist, any user not listed in /etc/cron.deny can use the cron command.
You use lpstat and determine that a user named User1 has placed two large print jobs in the queue for Printer1 that have yet to start printing. They have print job IDs of Printer1-17 and Printer1-21, respectively. Which command would you use to remove these two jobs from the print queue? a.) cancel Printer1-17 Printer1-21 b.) cancel -u Printer1-17 Printer1-21 c.) cancel -a Printer1-17 Printer1-21 d.) cancel 17 21
a.) cancel Printer1-17 Printer1-21
Which command can be used to send a print job to the default printer named Printer1? (Choose all that apply.) a.) lp -d Printer1 file b.) lp Printer1 file c.) lp file d.) lp -m Printer1 file
a.) lp -d Printer1 file c.) lp file
Which one is NOT a Linux scheduling tool? anat at anacron cron
anat
Which commands can you use or could you have used to install a package on Ubuntu?
apt aptitude apt-get dpkg
Which commands can you use or could you have used to install a package on Ubuntu? (SA)
apt aptitude apt-get dpkg memory - ALL
Which of the following commands can be used to remove the test DPM package, including any test configuration files? dpkg remove test apt remove test dpkg purge test apt purge test
apt purge test
on what level does the output of debug is shown?
at the debugging level ( 7 )
on what level does interfaces up or down transitions and system restart messages are displayed?
at the notifications level ( 5 ) which is only for information—device functionality is not affected
What is the term used to describe a user providing a user name and password to log in to a system? validation authorization login authentication
authentication
When a printer is disabled, ________. a.) the print queue does not accept jobs and sends a message to the user noting that the printer is unavailable b.) the print queue does accept jobs into the print queue and holds them there until the printer is enabled again c.) the printer appears as off-line when a lp request is sent d.) the print queue redirects all print jobs sent to it to /dev/null
b. the print queue does accept jobs into the print queue and holds them there until the printer is enabled again
What kill level signal cannot be trapped? a.) 1 b.) 9 c.) 3 d.) 15
b.) 9
The term used to describe a process spawning or initiating another process is referred to as_____. a.) a child process b.) forking c.) branching d.) parenting
b.) forking
how can you access logged system messages?
by using the device CLI or by directing them to a properly configured syslog server. The switch or router software saves syslog messages in an internal buffer. System messages can be remotely monitored by viewing the logs on a syslog server or by accessing the device through the network (Telnet or SSH) or the console port.
Which file contains default information such as UID and GID ranges and minimum password length to be used at user creation? a.) /etc/skel b.) /etc/passwd c.) /etc/login.defs d.) /etc/default/useradd
c.) /etc/login.defs
What is the name of the utility used to rotate log files? a.) syslog b.) jetpack c.) logrotate d.) logbackup
c.) logrotate
Which of the following commands will most likely increase the chance of a process receiving more time slices? a.) renice 0 b.) renice 15 c.) renice -12 d.) renice 19
c.) renice -12
Which command would you use to unlock a user account? a.) unlock username b.) open username c.) usermod -U username d.) useradd -U username
c.) usermod -U username
The process of sending print jobs from the print queue to the printer is called? a. spooling b. queuing c. redirecting d. printing
d. printing
Nice values are used to affect process priorities using a range between _____________. a.) 0 and 20 b.) 0 and -19 c.) -19 and 20 d.) -20 and 19
d.) -20 and 19
What is the name given to a process not associated with a terminal? a.) child process b.) parent process c.) user process d.) daemon process
d.) daemon process
A runaway process that is faulty and consuming mass amounts of system resources ________. a.) is a zombie process b.) is an orphaned process c.) has a PPID of Z d.) is a rogue process
d.) is a rogue process
Which command can be used to alter the primary group associated with a given user temporarily? a.) usermod b.) chggrp c.) gpasswd d.) newgrp
d.) newgrp
Which command can be used to create an image backup of a partition? tar dd dump cpio
dd
Before a computer can use a router, what configuration information must it be provided?
default router
Find the match: Match the level to the priority
emergency - 0 alert - 1 critical - 2 error - 3 warning - 4 notice - 5 memory - lower is worse
The network interface configuration entered by ip or ifconfig command will survive the reboot (T/F)
false
Which one is NOT a typical program used on a Linux server to download a tarball? curl firefox ftp or sftp wget
firefox
What command do you use to display all the groups a user belongs to? (SA)
grep <userid> /etc/group id <userid>
What command do you use to display all the groups a user belongs to? Select all that apply.
grep <userid> /etc/group id <userid>
How can you set the name of your workstation or server that will survived the reboot? (sa)
hostnamectl set-hostname <name> Edit the content of the /etc/hostname
What command can be used to view and modify the date and time within the BIOS?
hwclock
Which command can be used to send a print job to the default printer named Printer1? (Choose all that apply.) lp -d Printer1 file lp Printer1 file lp file lp -m Printer1 file
lp -d Printer1 file lp file
When compiling source code into a binary program, which command does the compiling using the GNU C Compiler? tar ./configure make make install
make
What ftp command uploads the filename form the current directory on the local computer to the current directory on the remote computer, and allows the user of wildcard metacharacters to specify filenames
mput
What ftp command uploads the filename from the current directory on the local computer to the current directory on the remote computer, and allows the use of wildcard metacharacters to specify the filename.
mput filename
Which commands can be used to display TCP/IP connections on your Linux system? (Choose all that apply.)
mtr
Which commands may be used to display a routing path from the source to the destination? (sa)
mtr traceroute
To change the primary group temporarily to another group that is listed in the output of the groups and id commands, you can use the ____ command.
newgrp
Which command can be used to temporarily alter the primary group associated with a given user? usermod chggrp gpasswd newgrp
newgrp
Which commands can you use to find the IP address of a host by name?
nslookup host
which commands can you use to ding the IP address of a host by name?
nslookup host
To test DNS configuration by resolving a host name to an IP address, which command or commands can you use? (Choose all that apply.)
nslookup hostname dig hostname host hostname
Which commands may be used to display the configured ip address information? (Select three)
nslookup, ipconfig, and ifconfig
What command can be used to see what actual time servers are being used for synchronization?
ntpq
Which command can you use to synchronize ntpd with an NTP time source?
ntpq
which statements described journald? (sa)
one log file for almost all system services uses journalctl to view/extract log entries
Which commands could you use to (effectively) lock a user account? (Select three) passwd -l <userid> systemctl lock-user <userid> usermod -L <userid> usermod -s /sbin/nologin <userid>
passwd -l <userid> usermod -L <userid> usermod -s /sbin/nologin <userid>
Which command would you use to unlock a user account? unlock username open username passwd -u username useradd -U username
passwd -u username
What PostgreSQL command-line utility backs up PostgreSQL database settings?
pg_dump
The daemons associated with network services listen for network traffic associated with a particular _____.
port
The process of sending print jobs from the print queue to the printer is called _____. spooling queuing redirecting printing
printing
To convert a system so that it uses an /etc/shadow file to store the encrypted password after installation, you can run the ____ command.
pwconv
Which two commands can be used to modify the route table on a Linux computer? (Choose two answers.)
route ip
Which command may be used to display the route table? (sa)
route netstat -r ip route show
Which of the following command can be used to display the package to which the specified file belongs in RPM? rpm -a <file> rpm -F <file> rpm -qf <file> rpm -ql <file>
rpm -qf <file>
Which of the following commands can be used to list the files contained within an installed RPM package? rpm -qa packagename rpm -qi packagename rpm -ql packagename rpm -q packagename
rpm -ql packagename
____ is the daemon that handles the logging of most events.
rsyslogd
The at command is used to
schedule processes to run at a single instance in the future memory - single
syslog message format by cisco IOS ?
seq no:timestamp: %facility-severity-MNEMONIC:description seq no - stamps log messages with a sequence number service sequence-number command timestamp - date and time of message. service timestamps log [datetime | log ] command facility - (interface, SNMP, etc. ) severity - 0 to 7 severity codes MNEMONIC - single-word description of the message description - brief text string defining the message *Apr 18 10:05:55.423: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up
You want to generate SSH keys for your user account and copy them to a remote computer to simplify future SSH authentication. What two commands can you use to perform these actions? (Choose two answers.)
ssh-keygen ssh-copy-id
Which of the following commands creates an archive? tar -cvf /dev/st0 tar -xvf /dev/st0 tar -tvf /dev/st0 tar -zcvf /dev/st0 *
tar -zcvf /dev/st0 *
Which command is used to extract the tarball? tar -extf gimp-2.10.14.tar.gz tar -exvf gimp-2.10.14.tar.gz tar -zcvf gimp-2.10.14.tar.gz tar -zxvf gimp-2.10.14.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gimp-2.10.14.tar.gz
Which command can be used to connect to check the /etc/samba/smb.conf file for syntax errors?
testparm
When a printer is rejecting requests,____________. the print queue does not accept jobs and sends a message to the user noting that the printer is unavailable the print queue does accept jobs into the print queue and holds them there until the printer is accepting requests again the printer appears as offline when an lp request is sent the print queue redirects all print jobs sent to it to /dev/null
the print queue does not accept jobs and sends a message to the user noting that the printer is unavailable