classifying chemical reactions
oxidation-reduction reactions (redox reaction)
(also called a redox reaction), one substance loses one or more electrons and another substance gains one or more electrons
organic compound
a compound that contains carbon and hydrogen (and, in some cases, oxygen or other elements as well
acid-base reactions (neutralization reaction)
an acid and a base react to form salt and water. An acid-base reaction is also called a neutralization reaction
salt
any ionic compound formed by the reaction of an acid and a base
double replacement reactions
he ions of two different compounds in an aqueous solution exchange places to form two new compounds. One of the products formed is typically a solid (or precipitate), a gas (bubbles), or water. The other product usually remains dissolved in the solution. The general form for a double-replacement reaction is shown below. AC + BD → AD + BC
combustion reactions
matter cannot be created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction. This statement is known as the law of conservation of mass
single replacement reactions
one element replaces another element in a compound to form a new substance. Single-replacement reactions have the same number of reactants as products. Replacement reactions are also called displacement reactions. The general form for a single-replacement reaction is shown below. A + BC → AC + B
decomposition reactions
one reactant breaks down to form two or more products. The general form for a decomposition reaction is shown below. AB → A + B
exothermic
release energy
reduction
the gain of electrons
oxidation
the loss of electrons
synthesis reactions
two or more reactants combine to form one new product. Chemists often use the following generic equation to represent a synthesis reaction: A + B → AB