CLEP history Chapter 2
Roger Williams
A dissenter who clashed with the Massachusetts Puritans over separation of church and state and was banished in 1636, after which he founded the colony of Rhode Island to the south
Glorious Revolution
A reference to the political events of 1688-1689, when James II abdicated his throne and was replaced by his daughter Mary and her husband, Prince William of Orange.
Salem Witch Trials
1629 outbreak of witchcraft accusations in a Massachussetts Bay puritan village marked by an atmosphere of fear, hysteria and stress. Spectral evidence was used frequently.
in what year did new Netherlands become new england
1674
Dominion of New England
1686 - The British government combined the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut into a single province headed by a royal governor (Andros). The Dominion ended in 1692, when the colonists revolted and drove out Governor Andros.
Molasses Act of 1733
A British law that established a tax on imports of molasses, sugar, and rum from non-British colonies. The law was loosely enforced and New England imported great quantities of West Indian sugar for manufacturing rum. Example of mercantilism
Anne Hutchinson
A Puritan woman who was well learned that disagreed with the Puritan Church in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Her actions resulted in her banishment from the colony, and later took part in the formation of Rhode Island. She displayed the importance of questioning authority.
William Penn
A Quaker that founded Pennsylvania to establish a place where his people and others could live in peace and be free from persecution.
John Winthrop
Puritan governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony. Speaker of "City upon a hill"
which of the following statements was true of Rhode Island, based on what you have learned?
Rhode Island attracted exiles and dissenters from different areas who were in search of greater religious freedom
When did the Mayflower set sail?
September 1620
patroons
Shareholders who agreed to transport tenants for agricultural labor.
Triangular Trade
A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa
Middle Passage
A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies
Salutary Neglect
An English policy of not strictly enforcing laws in its colonies
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
Bacon's Rebellion was an armed rebellion in 1676 by Virginia settlers led by Nathaniel Bacon against the rule of Governor William Berkeley.
why did England need colonies to succeed under mercantilism
England needed more raw materials without having to buy them with hard currency
Anthony Johnson
Slave in Northampton County, Virginia who bought his freedom and became a slaveholder himself
which best describes the task system
Slaves were assigned a task to complete and had free time when they were done.
Why was Massachusetts founded?
The colonists were facing religious persecution in England
New France did not have ______.
Tight regulation by the French government
why was the colony of Delaware founded
it was cultural and linguistically different from the rest of Penn so it was given its own assembly
which of the following is FALSE regarding immigration to America the later 17th and early 18th centuries
many French migrated there, fleeing the long conflict with the united kingdom
Describe the Southern Colonies
men outnumber women, plantation system limited commerce and discourages urbanization, school and church impractical
Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon
men who surveyed the line between the northern boundary of Maryland and the southern boundary of Pennsylvania. known as the Mason-Dixon line
which of the following factors prompted the drastic increase in americas colonial population from 1690-1754
migration of different European ethnic groups
Mercantilism
nations competed for the most favorable balance of trade. the goal was to amass the most gold and silver
which of the following sequence of events is in chronological order currency act, salutary neglect, molasses act, navigation act
navigation act, molasses act, currency act, and salutary neglect
what black slave is known for poetry
phillis wheatley
Currency Act
prohibited colonies from issuing paper money, destabilized colonial economy
what was the cash crop of carolinas
rice
which was NOT a role Pocahontas played in the Jamestown colony 1. she brought food to the starving colonists 2. she married John Rolfe 3. she acted as a diplomat for them 4. she may have saved John smiths life as a girl 5. she warned them of an impending attack.
she warned them of an impending attack by the spanish
why was Anne hutchinson banished from Mass?
she was using the churchs sermons to teach men, which was not seen as appropriate behavior for a woman
how did new Netherlands and New France make attempts to increase their populations
single Frenchmen were encouraged to marry Native American women while dutch immigration was encouraged by recruiting patroons
what was the main after effect of the molasses act
smuglling
which was NOT a factor that led the south toward slavery 1. SC imported slaves from its official beginning 2. bacons rebellion turned opinions against indentured servants toward slavery 3. spanish FL outlawed slavery and sold all their workers inexpensively to GA 3. Rice plantations needed the skilled laborers that were only available in Africa
spanish Florida outlawed slavery and sold all their workers inexpensively to GA
which of the following changes would have most improved Jamestown chance for success
starting with colonists who possessed the skills needed for survival
which of the following was NOT accomplished by the creation of the Dominion of New England
the dominion of New England has the most impact in day to day affairs in New York since it was a symbol of colonial culture
How does the fate of Popham and Roanoke compare to that of Jamestown
the fate of pop ham and Roanoke are both abandoned colonies while Englands first permanent American colony was Jamestown.
What is the Mayflower Compact?
the first agreement for self-government to be created and enforced in America
House of Burgesses
the first elected legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619, representative colony set up by England to make laws and levy taxes but England could veto its legistlative acts.
which of the following best describes life in southern colonies
the main economic activity was cash crops which were taken care of and looked after by indentured servants or slaves
how did the original indentured servants of Plymouth escape their service to the London company?
the mayflower landed outside London company charter
Lawrence came to the new world with his family and quickly discovered how rewarding living the 'American dream' could be. after only a short time he began working for a local publisher printing news for his town. Lawrence lived in ______.
the middle colonies
how did the middle colonies differ from the others regarding the ancestry of it settlers
the middle colonies were diverse while the others were settled mainly by Englishmen
which of the follower descriptions in the document indicates the prevalence of English trade in North America
the name cape cod
how did the navigation acts impact the governance of the colonies
the navigation acts attempted to increase the influence of the monarchy there after it was restored in 1660
why did the British king approve James Oglethorpes charter to found the colony of GA
the new colony would be a buffer preventing Spanish attacks from FL
James and his family ventured to the New World in search of religious freedom, and upon their arrival they settled close to a water source in a small village. James and other members of his family found jobs working in the fish and ship building industry while the younger children attended public school. James most likely lived in ____.
the northern colonies
what was the significance of King Phillips war
the northern colonists defeated Wampanoag chief Metacomet known as king Phillip and ended Native American influence.
John Rolfe introduced sweet Spanish tobacco seeds to the Jamestown colony. what is the most important impact of these seeds to the survival of Jamestown?
the tobacco was shipped to London where it was sold for profit
how did the London company try to help save Jamestown?
they created the headlight system which allowed an investor to sponsor a worker to go to VA and in return would get 50 acres of land. known as indentured servants.
how did the early explorers affect the pilgrims who came after them
they spread smallpox through the coastal tribes
why did many of the puritans come to be in New England?
they were being persecuted as a result of the political change in England
what did new Netherlands have in common with jamestown
they were both funded by joint stock companies
why were they called pilgrims?
they were fleeing a religious persecution and because they believed they were led by god to start a new religious government
why did Cecil Calvary approve the Act of Religious Toleration in Maryland
to protect the rights of the minority catholics
why were slave codes passed?
to regulate slaves and slavery to benefit the whites
what was the cash crop of virigina
tobacco
Duke of York (James II)
took New Netherlands and named it New York; became English king, who was disliked for his support of Catholicism
why would the pilgrims have referred to the Massachusetts area as the northern parts of Virginia
virginia was the only settled English colony in america
why are all signatories to the mayflower compact male
women lacked political authority and agency in the 1600s
slave life in the south
worked sun up to sun down, usually 6 days, had greater sense of community because there was so many of them.
Thomas Hooker
A Puritan minister who led about 100 settlers out of Massachusetts Bay in 1636 to Connecticut because he believed that the governor and other officials had too much power. He wanted to set up a colony in Connecticut with strict limits on government.
how did king James II approach to the colonies differ from King Charles II?
Charles II tried to assert domination through treaties and acts, while James II made much stronger structural changes to how the colonies were governed in order to reassert control
Phillis Wheatley
First African American female writer to be published in the United States. Her book Poems on Various Subjects was published in 1773, pioneered African-American literature. One of the most well- known poets in America during her day; first African American to get a volume of poetry published.
John Peter Zenger
Journalist who questioned the policies of the governor of New York in the 1700's. He was jailed; he sued, and this court case was the basis for our freedom of speech and press. He was found not guilty.
Navigation Acts
Laws that governed trade between England and its colonies. Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.
what company gave pilgrims the permission to start the new colony?
London company
what colony did puritans create?
Massachusetts Bay Colony
which of the following show cause and effect: salutary Neglect- colonial prosperity mercantilism- skilled tradesmen international trade- the currency act navigation acts- cottage industries
Salutary Neglect- colonial prosperity
Why did Carolina split into two colonies of North and South Carolina?
South Carolina favored slavery while NC favored indentured servitude
why was the mayflower compact originally drawn up
The settlers knew they would perish if they did not stick together, so they agreed to a democratic form of government
what was James Oglethorpes goal for GA?
To settle a colony for debtors in prison. he wanted it to be a utopia of hard work and social economy so he outlawed slavery and large land holdings. within two decades restriction was lifted.
why did the European merchants and monarchs work so hard to find the northwest passage
because they wanted to find a way to Asia while completely avoiding Spanish territory
slave life in the north
cooks, maids, farm hands. better treatment and healthier but worked 7 days
what was the approximate modern day extent of New France at its height?
eastern Canada and the central us
which was NOT a motivation for French and English voyages to the Americas in the 16th century? 1. escaping religious persecution 2. catching up to the Spanish colonial empire 3. finding lost cities of gold 4. finding a northwest passage to Asia
escaping religious persecution
Mass Bay Colony was known as a theocracy which means
for the purpose of serving god and increasing his kingdom
Which of the following is FALSE regarding Sir Francis Drake? 1. he was the first man to sail around the world for England. 2. he financed a group of settlers to a small island called Roanoke 3. his bounty after going as far north as San Fran was twice the queens income for a year 4. he was a famous pirate also known as sea dog
he financed a group of settlers to a small island called Roanoke
Why was Peter Minuit an important personality for the expansion of Dutch settlements?
he founded both new Netherland and new Sweden
what was Edwin Sandys' legacy in VA
his headlight system created class divisions between the 'haves' and the 'have nots'
how were indentured servants different from slaves in the 1600s colonial society
indentured servants could leave after seven years while slaves could not
what was William penns legacy as the founder of Penn?
it became one of the most democratic societies in the world
why was the border between Penn and Maryland significant?
it came to represent the cultural divide between the north and the south
what can you infer bout the triangular trade
it enriched England regardless of its effect on other nations
why was the colony of NJ founded
it was part of New York given by the Duke of York to important colonists to gain favor with them
how was the Virginia company important to Jamestown?
it was the joint stock company that paid to settle jamestown
why is the mayflower compact such a vital document in the political history of the United States
its the first mention of governance, laws, and constitution
what impact did the neighboring Powhatan confederacy have on Jamestown?
the Powhatan occasionally provided protection and trade with the colonist
how was the Connecticut colony different from most New England colonies
the settlers didn't share the same religious views
which best describes the colonial economy
it was based on trade in agricultural products
why would the pilgrims call King James their 'dread' sovereign yet speak about him in respect?
'dread' had a different meaning in 1620 and was meant to convey respect
Edmond Andros
Governor of the Dominion of New England from 1686 until 1692, when the colonists rebelled and forced him to return to England
what was the Indian tribe of the NE?
Wompanoag
how did the pilgrims avoid death while living in plymouth
a friendly Indian, who had knowledge of the English language, taught the pilgrims how to live off the land .
how was the fate of Giovanni da Verranzzano similar to that of John cabot?
both went exploring for the Northwest passage and failed to find it
Describe the Middle Colonies
came in families, had large farms and grew their own food. stable families society and healthy population. great innovations= rifle wagon log cabin
describe the northern colonies
commercial and industrial, immigrants came as families, all women were educated, close towns.
what was the goal in virigina in 1607?
get rich quick
Northwest Passage
goal of many to find a safe route to Asia by avoiding the southern most point of South America controlled by Spain.
why did the Glorious Revolution impact the colonies
it forces James II to flee the country and Mary and William to take the throne with a looser policy toward the colonies, causing the disposal of many royal governors
what is the significance of the first thanksgiving
it symbolized the friendship between the pilgrims and the Wampanoag, and allowed the pilgrims to show their gratitude for the Indians and their first successful harvest
