Climate Change

What is the source of geothermal energy?

heat from the earth

A species that has been introduced out of its range, usually through human actions, is called a(n)

invasive species.

One of the cons of using geothermal energy as an alternative energy source is that

this resource is not available everywhere.

The two most important insect vectors are ------- , which carry Lyme disease, and mosquitoes.

ticks or tick

The typical pattern of evolution, including the pace of extinction events, is

disrupted by the current rate of climate change.

The term biome is used to describe similar types of

ecosystems.

Beef is a costly food source because raising cattle requires more ______ than other livestock and because cows are large producers of methane and other ______ gases

land; greenhouse

Scientists link the ability of invasive species to survive new environments to their ability to tolerate change, particularly with respect to

temperature and precipitation ranges.

Which of the following choices explains how anthropogenic climate change differs from naturally occurring changes to the climate? - Anthropogenic climate change is only limited to areas where humans are found and are able to alter the climate. - Anthropogenic climate change happens on a relatively small scale and does not have a global impact. - Anthropogenic climate change occurs at such a rapid pace it is leaving organisms less time to adapt to their changing environment. - Anthropogenic climate change occurs slowly and leaves organisms plenty of time to adapt to their changing environment.

Anthropogenic climate change occurs at such a rapid pace it is leaving organisms less time to adapt to their changing environment.

Drought, heat waves, spread of diseases, habitat loss, and extinction are all impacts of __________ __________ at the individual and species level of biological organization.

Climate Change

Which of these describes how climate change is impacting the community level of biology? - Climate change has no measurable effects on invasive species. - Climate change has prevented the success of invasive species, protecting native communities. - Climate change has promoted the success of invasive species, which ripples out into the native communities.

Climate change has promoted the success of invasive species, which ripples out into the native communities.

How would you describe the impact of climate change, globally?

Greenhouse gases and their effects impact the entire planet, reaching every biome on Earth.

What sort of factors are commonly contributed to an individual's carbon footprint?

How often and in what amounts they consume resources.

How is wind energy generated?

It is generated mechanically using turbines.

Which characteristic of invasive species do scientists associate with their ability to survive in new environments?

adaptability

"Clean" energy and renewable energy are different ways of saying _____ energy, which is energy from sources like solar, geothermal, and wind.

alternative

One consequence of climate change is change in temperature and precipitation patterns, which results in

an increase in the severity and frequency of droughts and heat waves.

Across the planet, coral reefs are dying due to a phenomenon called coral -----.

bleaching

In terms of an individual, a measure of their impact on the climate, calculated based on the amount of carbon emitted because of their choices for energy, food, transportation, and other factors, is called a

carbon footprint

A calculation of the amount of carbon released into the atmosphere by a specific entity is called a(n)

carbon footprint.

All food choices contribute ______ to carbon emissions than others: fruits and vegetables contribute comparatively less than ______.

differently; red meat and dairy

Climate change is occurring at such a rapid pace that it has disrupted the typical pattern of

evolution.

Climate change has the potential to increase human exposure to certain diseases, such as those carried by mosquitoes. This is because warming temperatures allow for an expanded range for these insects, which serve as vectors for diseases like -------, Zika virus, chikungunya, and dengue fever.

malaria or West Nile

The two most important insect vectors are ticks and ------ , which can transmit diseases like malaria and Zika virus.

mosquitoes, mosquito, or mosquitos

In order to explain the concept of alternative energy sources, it is important to know the difference between ____ resources like fossil fuels and ____ resources like solar and wind energy.

nonrenewable; renewable

The distribution of the world's biomes follows a ----- based on average temperature and precipitation in a region.

pattern

The sources of _______ energy, which is sometimes called "clean" energy, include solar, wind, and geothermal energy.

renewable

A biological vector is

something that moves an infectious agent from one organism to another.

Select the evidence that climate change has altered weather patterns. - Tornados have become more frequent - Extreme precipitation events and droughts have increased - Average precipitation has increased by 4% regionally - Rates of regional heat waves are increasing - Average precipitation has decreased by 4% regionally - Average temperatures have risen 1.2-1.8 degrees in the last 50 years

- Extreme precipitation events and droughts have increased - Average precipitation has increased by 4% regionally - Rates of regional heat waves are increasing - Average temperatures have risen 1.2-1.8 degrees in the last 50 years

Select the examples of invasive species disrupting community and ecosystem function. - gypsy moths outcompete native species - rats carry disease and kill native birds - mosquitos are now found much farther north in the United States - zebra mussels have driven native mussel species near to extinction

- gypsy moths outcompete native species - rats carry disease and kill native birds - zebra mussels have driven native mussel species near to extinction

Select the examples of invasive species disrupting community and ecosystem function. - kudzu is outcompeting native plant species - the Bramble Cay melomys is believed to have gone extinct - lionfish compete with snapper and grouper throughout the Caribbean - ticks have expanded their range

- kudzu is outcompeting native plant species - lionfish compete with snapper and grouper throughout the Caribbean

Select the impacts of ocean acidification. - fish populations are better able to reproduce - zooplankton are reduced in numbers - fish populations become more susceptible to disease - shellfish cannot calcify their shells

- zooplankton are reduced in numbers - fish populations become more susceptible to disease - shellfish cannot calcify their shells

Select evidence that climate change has altered weather patterns.

- Central and northeast regions of the US have increased precipitation. - Western and southern regions of the US have reduced precipitation.

An invasive species can be defined as

- a species that is more tolerant to change than most native species. - a species that negatively impacts biodiversity. - a species introduced out of its range.

Where does nuclear energy come from?

Splitting the nucleus of an atom

An ecosystem is

communities with all of their living and nonliving components.

Which scenarios describe the impact of climate change on global ecosystems?

- Poorly managed agricultural practices like cattle farming convert grasslands into desert wastelands. - Grasslands are converted to deserts as they are cleared, temperatures rise, and precipitation is reduced. - Increased temperatures cause a breakdown of symbiotic relationships with algae, creating a phenomenon called coral bleaching

Select any description of how climate change influences individuals and species. - The natural pace of evolution, namely extinction, is disturbed. - There is a decreased potential for disease to spread. - The range of some individuals and species has expanded to include places that were once too cold to inhabit. - There are more heatwaves and droughts that threaten the lives of individuals and species.

- The natural pace of evolution, namely extinction, is disturbed. - The range of some individuals and species has expanded to include places that were once too cold to inhabit. - There are more heatwaves and droughts that threaten the lives of individuals and species.

How would you explain the concept of alternative energy sources?

Alternative energy sources do not require fossil fuels or natural gas.

Which of the following characteristics would likely determine if a species is able to successfully adapt to a changing climate? - An organism that lives in a narrow range of temperatures - An organism that has a limited diet - An organism that has a broad tolerance for temperature - An organism that is native to a small island

An organism that has a broad tolerance for temperature

Best description of the impact of climate change on the community level of biology.

Biological communities are linked to one another, so even minor changes within a community can have major effects.

Climate change has the potential to increase human exposure to certain diseases, such as those carried by ticks. This is because warming temperatures allow for an expanded range for these insects, which serve as vectors for ----- disease.

Lyme

Which of the following does NOT represent evidence for climate change affecting organisms at the individual/species level? - The depletion of the ozone layer, due to the increase of carbon dioxide in the higher atmosphere, has caused an increase of skin cancers seen in animals. - On a small island, the weather patterns changed, altering the vegetation found on the island. - In the Northern Hemisphere, winters have become less severe and birds have changed their migration patterns. - The spread of Zika, a human disease transferred by mosquitoes, increased its range in the United States in 2016-2017.

The depletion of the ozone layer, due to the increase of carbon dioxide in the higher atmosphere, has caused an increase of skin cancers seen in animals.

How might you describe the influence of climate change on some species of mosquitoes and ticks?

Their range has expanded to include places that were previously too cold to inhabit, increasing their potential to spread disease

The distribution of the world's ----- follows a pattern based on average temperature and precipitation.

biome

Shellfish are less able to calcify their shells when oceans become

acidified.

Energy sources, like fossil fuels and solar energy, each release

different amounts of carbon into the atmosphere.

In biology, a ---- is something that moves an infectious agent from one organism to another, like an insect.

vector

Climate change has the potential to increase human exposure to certain diseases, such as those carried by ticks and mosquitoes, also known as ______ diseases. This is because warming temperatures allow for an expanded range for these insects

vector-borne

Energy from the _____ is generated mechanically on turbines.

wind