Close Relationships Chapter 1

How do traditional gender roles do women a disservice?

-by making them earn less on a job than their nontraditional co-workers. -by depriving them of skills that would facilitate more accomplishments and achievements.

Identify the attachment styles proposed by Kim Bartholomew that correspond to the avoidant style proposed by developmental researchers

-dismissing style of attachment. -fearful style of attachment.

According to studies by developmental researchers, when caregivers are adults who are hostile and provide care only reluctantly, the children under their care developed a(n) ______ style of attachment.

Avoidant

True or false: Whether people's fears about intimacy are overstated or merely realistic, they are unlikely to experience frustrating costs in their relationships on occasion.

False.

_____ is an impact of socioeconomic development in the form of industrialization on intimate relationships.

Increasing acceptance of a later age of marriage

Identify a difference between intimate partners and individuals in casual relationships.

Intimate partners share more personal information with each other than individuals in casual relationships do.

Identify an accurate statement about the need for intimacy.

It suggests that intimacy with others is essential for a good, long life.

Identify an accurate statement about the experiment conducted by Ickes and Barnes.

Traditional couples laughed less than the other couples.

True or false: In an intimate relationship, trust emerges from the dynamic give-and-take that partners share.

True

Identify an accurate statement about trust in intimate relationships.

Trust is a fluid process rather than a static thing.

According to the Big Five personality traits, people are happier when their partners are ______.

adventurous and imaginative

People who possess both sets of the competencies that are stereotypically associated with being male and with being female are said to be ______

androgynous

According to studies by developmental researchers, when caregivers are adults who are hostile and provide care only reluctantly, the children under their care developed a(n) ______ style of attachment.

avoidant

Unlike prior generations, people have now begun to expect more personal gratification from their intimate relationships due to their ______ tendencies and character.

individualistic

According to Stake and Eisele, people who are low in instrumentality tend to have ______.

low self-esteem

According to evolutionary psychology, the need to belong was ______.

made more prevalent by sexual selection

According to Robles et al., a person's ______ is affected by the quality of that person's connection to others.

mental health

Humans display a ______, a need for frequent, pleasant interactions with intimate partners in lasting, caring relationships if they are to function normally.

need to belong

fearful style of attachment

people avoid intimacy with others because of their fears of rejection

preoccupied style of attachment

people nervously depend on others to feel good about themselves

secure style of attachment

people provide responsive care and protection readily

dismissing style of attachment

people reject interdependency with others because they feel self-sufficient

According to a leading theory, self-esteem is a ______, a subjective gauge that measures the quality of a person's relationships with others.

sociometer

Identify an accurate statement about people who are said to be androgynous.

they usually possess both instrumental traits and expressive traits

In the context of parental investment, men who were promiscuous reproduced more successfully because ______.

what they did not offer in the quality of parenting they could make up for in the quantity of children

According to the critics of an evolutionary perspective of human nature, women's greater interest in a mate's money might be reduced if ______.

women routinely filled similar gender roles like men

According to Ickes, traditional gender roles could ______.

cause incompatibility in relationships

avoidant attachment

children did not easily form trusting, close relationships

secure attachment

children readily developed relationships characterized by relaxed trust

anxious-ambivalent attachment

children were needy in their relationships with others

According to Wood and Eagly, critics of an evolutionary perspective of human nature ______.

emphasize the role of culture in shaping male and female behavior

According to Buss, when looking for prospective spouses, men value physical attractiveness, whereas women prioritize ______.

financial prospects

People who ______ hold favorable judgments of their skills and traits and are generally healthier and happier than others.

have high self-esteem