CNA Exam
When feeding a patient, how full should the spoon be?
1/3
At what temperature should bath water be?
105°F
Approximately how much stool should be placed in a specimen container?
2 tablespoons
HIPAA stands for Health Insurance Portability and _____________________________ Act.
Accountability
At the end of breakfast, you notice that Rhonda did not drink any of her milk. She says she does not like milk because it upsets her stomach. What should you do?
Ask Rhonda if she would like a different beverage, and then check with the dietary department.
Describe three characteristics of fingernail care.
Assistants should look for signs of jagged edges, in-grown nails, and infection; Assistants must be given permission prior to trimming a patient's fingernails; Some agencies do not allow assistants to trim the fingernails of diabetic patients.
How often must elasticized stocking be removed?
At least once every eight hours for 30 minutes
Identify three common locations of pressure ulcers.
Back of the shoulders; Elbows; Heels and toes
Which type of linen is used to cover patients during procedures to keep patients warm and to preserve modesty and dignity?
Bath blanket
Mr. Finn is right-handed but has a severely weakened right side. Using his left hand takes time and can create a bit of a mess. Jenna, the assistant, is responsible for Mr. Finn's oral care. What should she do?
Be patient and encourage Mr. Finn to use his left hand to brush his teeth
When should health care workers wash their hands?
Before providing care and between patients
Describe the correct technique for male perineal care.
Begin at the tip of the penis, and wipe in circular and downward motions.
When should hands be washed when you will be wearing gloves?
Both before and after wearing gloves
For which type of training is it important for assistants to urge patients to eat foods high in fiber?
Bowel training
Describe the proper way to brush a patient's teeth.
Brush teeth surfaces in a back-and-forth motion.
In order to do hair care as independently as possible, what assistive device(s) may patients use?
Combs and brushes with built-up handles
Which type of heart attack symptoms are chest pain, difficulty breathing, and irregular or rapid heartbeat?
Common
What should a health care worker do if the solution to a problem requires a task that is outside of the scope of practice?
Consult the supervisor.
How is a used sharp disposed of?
Drop the entire sharp into a sharps container.
How long can a single pair of gloves be used?
During care for one patient
Mr. Gregg is very embarrassed by needing assistance to bathe. Which of the following would be a good plan to help Mr. Gregg feel more comfortable and still provide for his hygiene needs?
Encourage Mr. Gregg to bathe himself as much as possible.
A catheter drainage bag should be emptied at least how often?
Every 8 hours
How should subjective statements made by the patient be documented?
Exact words in quotation marks
Describe the best ways to communicate with a patients with hearing difficulties.
Face the patient and make eye contact; Wait for a quiet moment to speak to the patient.; Turn down the volume of the radio and TV.
What could INCREASE a person's pulse rate?
Fever
Which range of motion term means "bending a body part"?
Flexion
During a feeding procedure, what does the term pocketing refer to?
Food remaining in the cheeks or under the tongue
How are patients wiped during perineal care?
Front to back
All foods that are liquid at room temperature or melt at body temperature are permitted on which type of diet?
Full liquid diet
When performing a backrub, how should the strokes be performed?
Gentle, but firm and circular B. Straight up and down the back
What do elasticized stockings do?
Increase circulation
When is it acceptable to be dishonest in a professional setting?
It is never acceptable to be dishonest.
Why should a catheter drainage bag be kept below the level of the bladder?
It prevents urine from flowing back into the bladder and causing an infection.
Why should transmission-based garments never be removed outside of an isolation room?
It would increase the risk of spreading infection
Describe three things that are part of the assistant's role during bladder and bowel training.
Keep accurate records; Follow the patient's care plan; Encourage and support patients' efforts.
Mrs. Sanchez had a stroke, which caused her to lose muscle control in her left arm. You are helping Mrs. Sanchez pull on her cardigan sweater. Which arm should be pulled through the sweater first?
Left
Mrs. Smith is recovering from a stroke and needs minimal physical assistance with ambulation. This level of assistance is called:
Limited
What is a reduction in the normal movement of a joint?
Limited range of motion
In which type of diet is food ground to the consistency of hamburger?
Mechanical soft
Describe three characteristics of ROM exercises.
Must be completed according to the patient's care plan; Increases the flexibility of muscles and tissue surrounding a joint; Do not exercise the patient's neck unless instructed and permitted to do so
Identify three true characteristics of ROM exercises.
Must be completed according to the patient's care plan; Increases the flexibility of muscles and tissue surrounding a joint; Do not exercise the patient's neck unless instructed and permitted to do so
What type of footwear must a patient wear during a transfer procedure?
Non-slip shoes
What is incontinence?
Not being able to control urination or bowel movements
Which law requires rehabilitation and restorative care be available for patients?
OBRA
Mr. Smith has multiple injuries to his legs and cannot get out of bed. What procedure will Lisa, the assistant, use to change the bed linens for Mr. Smith?
Occupied bedmaking
Which level of range of motion assistance is the most assistive?
Passive ROM exercises
How should health care workers behave during interactions with patients and co-workers?
Professionally
Name three methods of preventing pressure ulcers.
Promote patient cleanliness; Helping patients perform range-of-motion exercises twice a day; Observe patients' skin carefully and thoroughly
What is the purpose of a transfer belt?
Provide extra balance and support
Describe the correct technique for measuring height and weight.
Read the weight when the balance bar is centered between the upper and lower guides
Mr. Evans has had his left leg amputated above his knee. What type of care will he receive first?
Rehabilitation
While washing Mrs. Lambert's hair, Char notices some redness across her shoulder blades. The color does not change when she removes pressure. What should Char do?
Report the redness to the nurse.
Mr. Blevin had a stroke, which caused him to lose muscle control in his left arm. You are helping Mr. Blevin remove his shirt for bed. Which arm should you help him remove from the shirt first?
Right
What is the correct technique for handling soiled linens?
Roll soiled linens into themselves, with soiled areas on the inside.
Which range of motion term means "moving a body part around on its own axis or moving a joint in a circular motion"?
Rotation
Which position should be used for a patient receiving an enteral feeding?
Semi-Fowler's
For eating, a health care worker opens containers and packages, puts condiments on food, cuts food, and opens the napkin. What type of activities of daily living (ADL) training is this an example of?
Setup
Name three methods that health care workers and patients can use to overcome a hearing challenge.
Sign language; Use gestures; Writing messages
In which stage is a pressure ulcer identified as a red or bruised area of skin?
Stage 1
After lowering a falling patient to the floor, what should you do?
Stay with the patient and call a nurse
What is the correct technique for making an occupied bed?
Strip one side of the bed only and immediately make that side of the bed.
When selecting an appropriate hairstyle for a patient, an assistant should consider:
Styles that the patient prefers
What is the name for liquids or foods ordered by a physician to improve a patient's nutrition?
Supplements
What do patients with dysphagia have difficulty with?
Swallowing
What does temperature measure?
The balance between heat produced and heat lost
Where should you point the nozzle of a fire extinguisher when you are putting out a fire?
The base of the fire
Blaire is making a resident's bed. Why must she NOT put dirty or clean linens on the chair beside the bed?
The linens might pick-up or deposit microbes, spreading infection.
Describe one way that the digestive system changes with age.
The movement of food through the digestive system slows.
Describe elderly people's sensitivity to temperature.
They have less sensitivity to temperature.
How are contaminated gloves removed?
Turn inside out while removing and do not touch skin with outside of glove.
What is the proper way to care for a hearing aid when it is not being used?
Turn the hearing aid off when it is not being used.
Describe the proper technique for female perineal care.
Use one hand to separate the vulva and labia, and the other hand to wipe.
When providing indwelling catheter care, a health care worker should:
Use soap and water, clean all of the tubing starting at the meatus and wiping away
Mr. Peterson has dementia and needs simple directions as prompts to do ADLs. This type of ADL training is called:
Verbal cues
. Which assistive device provides patients with the most stability and support?
Walkers
Susan, an assistant, notices traces of blood on the bed linen that she is about to change. What should she do?
Wear personal protective equipment and place the linen in a biohazard laundry bag
A less-effective gag reflex in older persons increases their risk for ____________________.
choking
During foot care, health care workers should observe the feet for abnormalities, such as __________________________.
corns or calluses
Patients with __________________ may not recognize the signs of hunger.
dementia
A characteristic of a restraint is that they ______________________
do not allow normal access to a patient's own body
Biases are___________________
feelings that lead to certain behaviors.
When providing special oral care to unconscious and completely dependent patients, never _________________________
give water or mouthwash to these patients.
When using elasticized stockings, sores, swelling, and numbness in the legs or feet should all be reported ___________________________.
immediately
Diabetes is caused when the body produces too little ___________________.
insulin
Pressure ulcers are likely to develop wherever skin touches other skin and at _____________________ points
pressure
A draw sheet should span what area of the bed?
Above a patient's shoulders to below the hips
What type of tool do patients use to do activities of daily living (ADLs) they otherwise would have trouble doing?
Assistive device
What is the most important way to provide patients with privacy while bathing?
Cover the patient as much as possible
What can muscle atrophy can cause?
Decrease in strength
When assisting patients with range of motion (ROM) exercises, what should health care workers do?
Expose only the body part being exercised
Which range of motion term means "straightening a body part"?
Extension
Describe a way to help patients be as independent as possible when completing a task.
Help a patient with a task only if assistance is needed.
What should a health care worker do if the patient begins to fall?
Help patients safely to the floor
What is the goal of bladder and bowel training?
To restore normal control of elimination
When helping a patient to ambulate, where should the health care workers stand?
To the patient's affected side and slightly behind the patient
Describe how to wash a patient's body.
Top to bottom; Clean area to dirty area; Front to back
What is the best way to prevent the spread of infection?
Wash your hands