Cog psych review TEST 2

_____ memories are to experiences as _____ memories are to facts

episodic, semantic

The dramatic cause of patient HM clearly illustrates that ______ is crucial for the formation of long term memory

hippocampus

______ memories are those that we are not aware of

implicit

Observations that people may actually process and manipulate info rather than simply store it for brief periods of time challenged the conceptualization of

short-term memory

Strayer and Johnston's experiment involving simulated driving and the use of a hands-free v.s. hand-held cell phones found that

talking on either kind of phone impairs drivers performance significantly or to the same extent

Automatic processing occurs when

tasks are well-practiced

According to your text, the ability to divide attention depends on all of the following except

tasks curing

The cocktail party effect is

the ability to pay attention to one message and ignore others, yet hear distinctive features of the unattended messages.

The multiple choice question is an example of a _____ test

recognition

When dan listens to his gf in the restaurant and ignores other peoples conversations, he's engaged in the process of ______ attention

selective

The following statement represents what kind of memory

semantic

Which of the following is not an example of an implicit memory

semantic

When a sparkler is twirled rapidly, people perceive a circle of light. This occurs because...

the length of iconic memory is about a fraction of a second

The word length effect reveals that

the phonological loop of the working memory model has a limited capacity.

Imagine yourself walking from your car, bus stop, or dorm to your first class. Your ability to form such a picture in your mind depends on...

the visual special sketchpad

Which theorist is responsible for proposing the idea of a filter model of attention

Donald Broadbent

Which of the following represents the most effective chunking of the digit sequence. 14929111776

1492, 911, 1776

The effective duration of short term memory when rehearsal is prevented is

15-20secs or less

Conduct an experiment where participants see a number of target letters flashed briefly on a screen and are told to immediately write down the letters in the order they were presented. It is most likely that the target letter "P" will be misidentified as...

C

According to the model of working memory, which of the following mental tasks should LEAST adversely affect people's driving performance while operating a car along an unfamiliar, winding road?

Trying to remember a map of the area

A high threshold in Treismans monologue attention implies that

all signals cause activation

In support of late selection models, Donald MacKay showed that the presentation of a biasing word on the unattended ear influenced participants' processing of ____ when they were ____ of that word.

ambiguous sentences, unaware

People who suffer from alcohol abuse may suffer from ____ brought on by korsakoff syndrome and be unable to form new long term memories

amnesia

Neuropsychological evidence indicates that short term memory and long term memory probably

are caused by different mechanisms that act independently

Ming is taking a memory test. She is more likely to recall the name of a popular singer if she had...

attended the singers concert last year with her boyfriend

Brief sensory memory for sound is known as

echoic memory

______ is the process by which features such as color form, motion, and location are combined to create our perception of a coherent object

binding

One function of ____ is to pull information out of long term memory

central executive

The three structural components of the modal model of memory are

short term, long term, sensory

Imagine you are driving to a friend's new house. In your mind, you say the address repeatedly until you arrive. Once you arrive, you stop thinking about the address and start to think about buying a housewarming gift for your friend. To remember the address, you used a(n) _______ process in STM.

control

When investigating the serial position curve, delaying the memory test for 30 seconds

decreases the recency effect

Dichotic listening occurs when

different messages are presented to the left and right ears

If a person has a digit span of two, this indicates that he has _____ memory.

poor short term memory

Suppose you have been studying your French vocabulary words for several hours and are making many mistakes. You switch to reviewing the new terms for your upcoming biology test, and your performance is noticeably better. You are experiencing

the release from proactive interference

Scene schema is

A person's knowledge about what is likely to be contained in a particular scene.

A bottom-up process is involved in fixating on an area of a scene that

has high stimulus salience

The primacy effect is associated with _____ memory

long-term

A task with instructions: "Read the following words while repeating "the, the, the out loud, look away, and then write down the words you remember" would most likely be studying

Articulatory suppression

"I remember being really excited last year, when my college team won the national championship in basketball." This statement is an example of _____ memory.

episodic

Your text describes an "Italian woman" who, after an attack of encephalitis, had difficulty re-membering people or facts she knew before. She could, however, remember her life events and daily tasks. Her memory behavior reflects...

intact episodic memory but

According to Tol, the defining properties of the expereince of episodic memory is that

it Involves mental time travel

Suppose twin teenagers are competing for their mother's attention. The mother is trying to pay attention to one of her daughters, though both girls are talking (one about her boyfriend, one about a school project). According to the operating characteristics of Treisman's attenuator, it is most likely the attenuator is analyzing the incoming messages in terms of

meaning

The Stroop effect demonstrates people's inability to ignore the ______ of words.

meaning

According to Triesman's feature integration theory, the first stage of perception is called the _______ stage

pre attentive

Bob and coworkers, work on monkeys doing a delay response task. Examine the role of neurons in the

pre frontal cortex